古尔班通古特沙漠土壤水分含量与地形-植被因子关系研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.595

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil moisture forms an essential component in the formation, transformation, and consumption of water resources. This study investigates soil moisture in fixed, semifixed, and mobile dunes of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang, China. The relationship between moisture at different soil depths and topography-vegetation factors was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM), random forest model, and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) value analysis. The results showed that: (1) Except for soil moisture in the middle layer of semifixed and mobile dunes, the vertical distribution of moisture among dune types varied significantly. (2) Structual equation model indicated that the topography factor—height difference and vegetation factor—shrub abundance—had the most pronounced impacts on soil moisture in fixed dunes; slope degree and shrub coverage were dominant factors in semifixed dunes, whereas topography and vegetation factors had relatively minor effects in mobile dunes. (3) The interaction among key factors revealed that in fixed dunes, a combination of herb and shrub abundance >300 plants·m^-2 and >2 plants·m^-2, respectively alleviated water stress; in semifixed dunes, >200 plants·m^-2 and >30%, respectively mitigated the adverse impacts of slope degree on soil moisture; in mobile dunes, maintaining herb coverage at >20% and biomass at >10 g·m^-2 was necessary to enhance soil moisture content. These findings can help formulate refined management strategies for desertification control.

Key words: Gurbantunggut Desert, soil moisture, topography-vegetation factors, partial least squares structural equation model, random forest model

ZHANG Lu, ZHANG Dinghai, YANG Tian, QIU Yue. Relationship between soil moisture content and topography-vegetation factors in the Gurbantunggut Desert[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(9): 1777-1787.

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地名	经度/E	纬度/N	海拔/m	地貌类型	样地大小	优势固沙灌木
北沙窝	87°55′12″	44°22′24″	410	固定沙丘	40 m×148 m	梭梭、驼绒藜、蛇麻黄
彩南油田石油管理处	88°16′35″	44°33′34″	478	半固定沙丘	40 m×180 m	白梭梭、驼绒藜、沙拐枣、沙蒿
彩南油田	88°32′28″	44°56′49″	622	流动沙丘	40 m×148 m	白梭梭、沙拐枣、准噶尔无叶豆

潜在变量	观测变量	单位
地形因子	坡度	°
	坡向	rad
	高差	m
灌木因子	灌木盖度	%
	灌木多度	株·m^-2
草本因子	草本盖度	%
	草本多度	株·m^-2
	凋落物	g·m^-2
	生物量	g·m^-2
土壤水分含量	表层土壤水分含量	%
	中层土壤水分含量	%
	深层土壤水分含量	%

参数	固定沙丘	半固定沙丘	流动沙丘
max_depth	10	5	5
max_features	0.8	0.8	0.8
min_samples_leaf	4	1	2
min_samples_split	2	5	2
n_estimators	100	100	100

评价指标	固定沙丘中层	半固定沙丘表层	流动沙丘深层
决定系数（R²）	0.62	0.68	0.60
均方根误差	0.40	0.16	0.40
平均绝对误差	0.33	0.13	0.31

Relationship between soil moisture content and topography-vegetation factors in the Gurbantunggut Desert

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