中国区域气候干湿与土壤湿度变化特征及其差异性分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.662

Abstract

Abstract:

Climatic dry-wet conditions are important indicators of climate characteristics, whereas soil dry-wet conditions are complex and multidimensional hydroclimatic concepts. There are significant differences and certain consistencies between these conditions. Under the background of global warming, the evolution trends and differences of these conditions must be further studied. Thus, this paper analyzed the characteristics and differences of climate dry-wet and soil moisture conditions in China and clarified their similarities and differences. Therefore, the overall climate dry-wet status and regional fluctuation were studied using the humidity index, and the soil dry-wet trends were analyzed in the same period. The results showed little change in the boundary line of different climates in China over the past 60 years. However, compared with the climate state period from 1961 to 1990, there was a vast climate drying zone from west to east in the north of China and its humidity index had a slightly decreasing trend, but the variation did not necessitate changing the climate classification. The monthly variations of climate dry-wet and soil dry-wet conditions were different in each climate zone in China, and the consistencies of humid and semihumid zones were better than those of semiarid and arid zones. The monthly variations of PET and precipitation differences in each climatic region in China were obviously different. For arid and semiarid regions, March-September and March-June were dry periods, respectively, and drought was more likely to occur in these periods. The semihumid climate area entered the water surplus stage from July to August, whereas the humid climate area, except for a few months, was basically in the water surplus state throughout the year. There were obvious differences between climate dry-wet changes and perennial soil moisture changes in China’s land regions. The annual humidity index in different climate regions showed a slightly increasing trend, but most of the soil moisture showed a drying trend, especially the shallow soil in the plough layer, which showed a potentially increasing agricultural and pastoral drought risk in different climate regions of China. The results of this study can help us fully understand the relationship between climate dry-wet and soil dry-wet conditions and promote further studies on their relationships. Moreover, this study can strengthen the awareness of drought risk prevention and control and improve agricultural and pastoral drought resistance measures.

Key words: climate dry-wet, soil moisture, change characteristics, difference, China

LI Chunhua, ZHU Biao, YANG Jinhu, LIU Chenxi, DUAN Xinyu, HUANG Pengcheng. Difference of changing characteristics analysis between climate dry-wet and soil moisture in China[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(10): 1674-1687.

Figures/Tables 11

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干湿变化	降水	潜在蒸散	湿润度指数	站点数（占比/%）
变湿（63.4%）	增加	减少	增大	120（35.7）
	增加	增加，但降水增加更多	增大	59（17.6）
	减少	减少更多	增大	34（10.1）
变干（36.6%）	减少	增加	减小	62（18.5）
	减少	减少，但减少不及降水	减小	49（14.6）
	增加	增加更多	减小	12（3.6）

Difference of changing characteristics analysis between climate dry-wet and soil moisture in China

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