中亚天山地区关键水文要素变化与水循环研究进展

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.535

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天山地处欧亚大陆腹地,是丝绸之路经济带中段的重要水源地。天山地区的水循环系统具有时空差异性大、水源机制复杂、径流构成多元以及水系统脆弱等特点,水循环各环节受陆表格局和气候变化影响显著,水文要素对气候变化响应敏感,难以沿用现有的流域水循环模式阐述其内在机理。结合文献阅读和研究,系统分析了气候变化背景下天山地区关键水文要素的变化,研究了天山山区水汽来源、水汽输送机制以及水汽弱汇作用下的水循环要素变化及其对天山地区降水的影响及贡献率,揭示了气候变化对天山地区产汇流过程和水资源变化的影响机制,分析了气候变化对天山山区降水、冰川积累/消融、积雪变化对水循环的影响,提出了天山地区水循环研究的热点问题,为理解干旱区山区水循环机理、保障国家丝绸之路经济带中段水资源安全提供科学依据。

关键词: 水文要素, 水循环, 水文水资源, 气候变化, 中亚天山

Abstract:

Located in the hinterland of Eurasia, Tianshan Mountains are the main water source in the middle part of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The water circulations of the Tianshan Mountains are distinguished by large spatiotemporal variations, complex water generation mechanisms, multiple runoff composition, and a fragile water system. The runoff processes are extremely sensitive to even minor changes in hydrological elements caused by climate change. It is difficult to describe the internal hydrological mechanism using the current hydrological model. Based on the literature review, the paper systematically analyzes the key hydrological elements under climate change, including identification of the water vapor source and its transport, changes in water cycle elements and their impact on precipitation, the impacts of climate change on precipitation, runoff generation, glacier accumulation/melting, snow and water resources in the Tianshan Mountains. The hot issues on the water cycle in the Tianshan Mountains are presented to provide a scientific basis for understanding the water cycle mechanism of the mountainous areas and ensuring the safety of water resources in the middle parts of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Key words: hydrological elements, water cycle, hydrology and water resources, climate change, Tianshan Mountains in Central Asia

陈亚宁,李稚,方功焕. 中亚天山地区关键水文要素变化与水循环研究进展[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(1): 1-8.

CHEN Yaning,LI Zhi,FANG Gonghuan. Changes of key hydrological elements and research progress of water cycle in the Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 1-8.

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