昆仑山北坡区域积雪时空变化特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.115

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

积雪是水循环的重要组成部分，积雪的积累消融对下游社会经济发展具有重要影响。采用趋势分析、相关性分析等方法分析2000—2020年昆仑山北坡积雪面积、积雪日数（SCD）在空间和时间上的分布特征和变化趋势，并分析积雪的海拔效应及气候对积雪的影响。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年昆仑山北坡积雪面积呈减少趋势（-152.4 km²·a^-1），2010年以前积雪面积距平偏正，2010年后偏负。（2）月尺度上，积雪覆盖率（SCF）从8月到翌年7月呈先增后减的趋势，冬、春季高于夏、秋季。（3） SCD分布具有明显的空间异质性，中部地区SCD的变化影响该地的年总SCD。（4） 2000—2020年的年均SCD随海拔升高而增加，海拔>6.0 km为331.6 d，说明高海拔地区存在常年性积雪。（5）气温与积雪面积呈显著负相关（相关系数为-0.68，P<0.01），降水与积雪面积呈不显著正相关（相关系数为0.14，P>0.05），气温对积雪的影响高于降水。

关键词: MODIS, 积雪面积, 积雪日数, 海拔效应, 气候变化, 昆仑山北坡

Abstract:

Snow cover is an essential component of the water cycle, and the accumulation and melting of snow have significant impacts on socio-economic development downstream. This study employs trend analysis, correlation analysis, and other methods to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and trends of snow cover area and snow cover days (SCD) on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountain of Xinjiang, China from 2000 to 2020. It also examines the elevation effect and the impact of climate on snow cover. The results indicate: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the snow cover area showed a decreasing trend (-152.4 km²·a^-1), with a positive anomaly before 2010 and a negative one after. (2) On a monthly scale, the snow cover percentage (SCF) showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing from August to the following July, being higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. (3) The distribution of SCD exhibits obvious spatial heterogeneity, with changes in the middle region affecting the annual total number of SCD in the area. (4) The average number of SCD per year from 2000 to 2020 increased with elevation, reaching 331.6 d at elevations above 6.0 km, suggesting perennial snow at high altitudes. (5) Temperatures are significantly negatively correlated with the snow cover area (correlation coefficient -0.68, P<0.01), while precipitation is not significantly positively correlated with the snow cover area (correlation coefficient 0.14, P>0.05), and temperature has a stronger impact on snow cover than precipitation.

Key words: MODIS, snow cover area, snow cover days, elevation effect, climate change, northern slope of Kunlun Mountains

康立民, 滕心如, 车佳航, 怀保娟. 昆仑山北坡区域积雪时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(9): 1462-1471.

KANG Limin, TENG Xinru, CHE Jiahang, HUAI Baojuan. Spatiotemporal variations of snow cover on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(9): 1462-1471.

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