省域典型旅游集散地综合可达性协调发展及空间关系研究——以新疆为例

摘要/Abstract

图/表 9

参考文献 26

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doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.195

摘要：

农家乐和景区作为典型旅游集散地，两者在可达层面良好协调发展对旅游高质量发展具有重要意义。选取新疆典型旅游集散地为案例区，利用可达性模型、熵权-TOPSIS法、耦合协调模型、地理集中度指数和局部莫兰指数分析2022年新疆农家乐和景区可达水平、耦合协调阶段以及空间分布特征。结果表明：（1）新疆景区可达性优于农家乐，可达性低值区域主要分布于南疆，在和田地区、喀什地区和克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州相连呈带状分布。（2）从耦合协调度来看，耦合协调度低值区分布于新疆外围。总体而言，农家乐和景区综合可达性耦合协调水平较高，并呈现“四周低、中心高”态势。（3）从集聚状态来看，农家乐和景区综合可达水平耦合协调度呈现集聚分布。从局部相关来看，高-高集聚类型集中在以首府乌鲁木齐市为中心的“环乌圈”城市群；低-低集聚类型分布在南疆靠近边境处，高-高和低-低集聚类型相距较远，集聚分布整体上呈现“双正相关”格局，且表现出“极化”效应。研究结果丰富了新疆旅游集散地协调发展内容，有助于新疆旅游产业实现高质量发展。

关键词: 农家乐, 景区, 综合可达水平, 耦合协调, 空间分布, 新疆

Abstract:

Agritainments and scenic areas are critical tourism distribution centers, and their coordinated accessibility is vital for high-quality tourism development. This study examines typical tourism distribution centers in Xinjiang, China, using the accessibility model, the entropy weight-TOPSIS approach, coupling coordination model, the geographic concentration index, and local Moran’s I. It evaluates the accessibility level, the coupling coordination degree, and spatial distribution characteristics of agritainments and scenic areas in Xinjiang in 2022. The results indicated that: (1) Scenic areas had superior accessibility compared to agritainments. Regions with low accessibility values were primarily concentrated in southern Xinjiang, forming clusters in Hotan Prefecture, Kashi Prefecture, and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, exhibiting a zonal distribution pattern. (2) The coupling coordination degree of accessibility was lower in peripheral regions of Xinjiang. Overall, the coupling coordination level of comprehensive accessibility for agritainments and scenic areas was high, following a “low periphery and high center” trend. (3) In terms of spatial aggregation, the coupling coordination degree showed a clustered distribution. High-high aggregation areas were centered around Urumqi City and its urban agglomeration, while low-low aggregation areas were concentrated in southern Xinjiang and near territorial boundaries, highlighting a “polarization” effect with a “double-positive correlation” pattern. This study enriches the understanding of coordinated development in tourism distribution centers and provides a foundation for achieving high-quality tourism development in Xinjiang.

Key words: rural tourism, scenic spot, comprehensive achievable level, coupling coordination, distribution of space, Xinjiang

李梦园, 庞家朋, 李欢. 省域典型旅游集散地综合可达性协调发展及空间关系研究——以新疆为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(3): 539-548.

LI Mengyuan, PANG Jiapeng, LI Huan. Coordinated development of comprehensive accessibility of provincial typical tourism distribution centers and their spatial relationship: A case of Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(3): 539-548.

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耦合协调度	耦合协调等级	耦合协调类型	耦合协调度	耦合协调等级	耦合协调类型
（0.0, 0.1]	1	极度失调	（0.5, 0.6]	6	勉强协调
（0.1, 0.2]	2	严重失调	（0.6, 0.7]	7	初级协调
（0.2, 0.3]	3	中度失调	（0.7, 0.8]	8	中级协调
（0.3, 0.4]	4	轻度失调	（0.8, 0.9]	9	良好协调
（0.4, 0.5]	5	濒临失调	（0.9, 1.0]	19	优质协调

地州市	地州市	县	饭店	酒店	滑雪场	营地
乌鲁木齐市	6.050	6.802	4.366	4.294	4.425	4.403
克拉玛依市	6.630	7.474	5.532	5.466	4.815	2.579
吐鲁番市	6.248	7.036	4.649	4.578	5.058	5.678
哈密市	8.926	9.728	7.221	7.163	7.691	8.372
昌吉州	6.577	7.280	4.837	4.759	4.821	4.661
博州	7.990	8.661	7.350	7.239	5.976	5.438
巴州	6.955	7.253	5.614	5.543	6.500	8.075
克州	10.476	10.350	11.235	11.168	12.109	15.000
伊犁州直	7.784	8.161	7.290	7.166	5.769	5.892
阿克苏地区	8.154	8.032	7.805	7.694	8.865	11.316
喀什地区	10.512	10.228	11.244	11.192	12.368	15.438
和田地区	12.399	12.007	13.280	13.244	14.333	17.110
塔城地区	10.213	10.917	8.970	8.919	8.335	3.324
阿勒泰地区	9.528	10.284	8.011	7.978	7.793	3.836

地州市	地州市	县	饭店	酒店	滑雪场	营地
乌鲁木齐市	5.876	6.624	4.110	4.034	4.296	4.683
克拉玛依市	6.803	7.618	5.781	5.715	4.851	1.882
吐鲁番市	6.105	6.903	4.516	4.444	4.907	5.504
哈密市	9.003	9.819	7.318	7.261	7.794	8.536
昌吉州	6.903	7.601	5.086	5.010	5.251	5.205
博州	8.382	9.034	7.828	7.712	6.262	5.685
巴州	6.791	7.087	5.395	5.324	6.279	7.966
克州	11.468	11.231	12.364	12.308	13.458	16.603
伊犁州直	7.970	8.303	7.487	7.361	6.016	6.161
阿克苏地区	8.141	8.025	7.739	7.626	8.769	11.136
喀什地区	11.604	11.318	12.395	12.343	13.497	16.588
和田地区	13.601	13.089	14.614	14.579	15.797	18.950
塔城地区	7.595	8.390	6.594	6.524	5.625	3.678
阿勒泰地区	9.374	10.119	7.893	7.862	7.633	3.622

地州市	农家乐			景区
地州市	街区	重点村	景区	街区	重点村	农家乐
乌鲁木齐市	8.664	7.158	6.469	8.381	6.986	5.841
克拉玛依市	9.659	7.850	7.112	9.857	7.983	6.917
吐鲁番市	8.851	7.364	6.707	8.712	7.229	6.105
哈密市	11.829	10.007	9.289	11.903	10.109	8.998
昌吉州	9.238	7.622	6.897	9.608	7.877	6.775
博州	10.021	9.144	8.044	10.301	9.524	7.957
巴州	8.432	7.386	7.154	8.316	7.215	6.209
克州	7.923	10.673	11.013	8.424	11.509	11.890
伊犁州直	8.837	8.561	7.482	8.982	8.692	7.175
阿克苏地区	7.491	8.275	8.117	7.599	8.256	7.751
喀什地区	7.674	10.569	10.991	8.689	11.659	11.953
和田地区	9.017	12.471	12.878	9.744	13.577	13.966
塔城地区	13.631	11.003	10.484	10.419	8.834	7.652
阿勒泰地区	13.026	10.290	9.797	12.834	10.157	9.408

一级指标	二级指标	指标权重/%	方向
农家乐	农家乐到饭店通行时间	10.586	-
	农家乐到滑雪场通行时间	10.746	-
	农家乐到景区通行时间	10.422	-
	农家乐到酒店通行时间	10.545	-
	农家乐到自驾车旅居车营地通行时间	13.064	-
	农家乐到市级政府驻地通行时间	10.528	-
	农家乐到县级政府驻地通行时间	12.167	-
	农家乐到国家级旅游休闲街区通行时间	11.002	-
	农家乐到新疆乡村旅游重点村通行时间	10.940	-
景区	景区到饭店通行时间	11.272	-
	景区到滑雪场通行时间	11.555	-
	景区到酒店通行时间	11.240	-
	景区到自驾车旅居车营地通行时间	13.490	-
	景区到农家乐通行时间	10.731	-
	景区到市级政府驻地通行时间	10.438	-
	景区到县级政府驻地通行时间	10.767	-
	景区到国家级旅游休闲街区通行时间	10.216	-
	景区到新疆乡村旅游重点村通行时间	10.291	-