计算裸地潜水蒸发量的反S型曲线模型

Abstract

Abstract: Phreatic evaporation from bare soil is a process that transfers water from phreatic zone to unsaturated zone, and further to air through soil evaporation. It is of great importance in different field studies such as hydrology, meteorology, and agriculture to evaluate the water balance and thermal behavior of the soil. Evaporation from soil surface causes not only the loss of water resources but also soil salinization problem. From 1990 to 1996, the experiment of phreatic evaporation from bare soil was carried out at the Aksu National Field Research Station of Agro-ecosystems(ANFRSA)(80°51'E, 40º37'N), Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China, which lies in the new oasis of an alluvial plain where the 3 main headstreams of Tarim River meet. The soil is silty loam. A set of simple and convenient lysimeter with the sectional area of 1 m² were setup in 1990. In these lysimeters, 5 different phreatic depths i.e., 0.25 m, 0.75 m, 1.25 m, 1.75 m, and 2.25 m with 2 duplications were arranged to observe the evaporation from bare soil once every 5 days. Water surface evaporation is measured by a 20-cm evaporimeter at 20:00 Beijing Time every day. The daily water surface evaporation value is calculated based on the water balance law. Based on observations of phreatic evaporation and Pan-evaporation, monthly phreatic evaporation rate and Pan-evaporation rate of every year were calculated firstly, and then the 7 years averaged monthly phreatic evaporation rate at different phreatic depth and Pan-evaporation rate were calculated. Based on these data, the inverse “S” model for calculating the phreatic evaporation on bare land is presented. Iteration method is applied for the nonlinear regression. The relationship between parameters of this model and water surface evaporation is established. The results show that this model can more exactly reflect the change of phreatic evaporation with the reasonable construction, overcome the shortcomings that the phreatic evaporation is overestimated when atmosphere evaporation capacity is higher, and the phreatic evaporation increases linearly along with the increase of water surface evaporation. The test results show that the calculation accuracy of the model is high and it can be applied to calculate phreatic evaporation in similar regions.

Key words: phreatic evaporation from bare soil, inverse “S&rdquo, model, nonlinear regression

CLC Number:

P333.1

HU Shun-jun. Inverse “S” model for calculation of phreatic evaporation from bare soil[J]., 2016, 39(2): 233-239.

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Inverse “S” model for calculation of phreatic evaporation from bare soil

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