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干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1951-1960.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.757 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024757

• 水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木河流域农业耗水特征及其影响因素分析

刘文君1,2,3(), 胡可可1,2,3, 苏里坦1,3(), 金磊1,2,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
    3.阿克苏绿洲农田生态系统国家野外科学观测站，新疆 阿克苏 843017
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-02-12 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 苏里坦（1972-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事干旱区水文水资源研究. E-mail: sulitan@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:刘文君（2001-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱区农业水资源研究. E-mail: liuwenjun231@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0104);科技创新领军人才项目(2022TSYCLJ0012)

Characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural water consumption in the Tarim River Basin

LIU Wenjun1,2,3(), HU Keke1,2,3, SU Litan1,3(), JIN Lei1,2,3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. Aksu National Station of Observation and Research for Oasis Agro-ecosystem, Aksu 843017, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-02-12 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26

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摘要： 农业耗水是实现农业可持续发展，解决农业与水资源管理的关键。以塔里木河流域为研究区，采用不平衡指数、信息熵理论、主成分分析等方法，对2000—2020年塔里木河流域农业耗水的结构特征、时空演变格局及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明：（1）时间上，塔里木河流域农业耗水量先增后降，由107.3×108 m3增至187.78×108 m3，并在2016年达到最大值203×108 m3；空间上，塔里木河流域农业耗水量西高东低、北高南低。（2）塔里木河流域农业耗水和水资源适配性不高，只有克里雅河流域和迪那河流域为适配，其余均为错配。（3）塔里木河流域作物耗水信息熵在2000—2009年呈增长趋势；2010—2014年呈减少趋势，并在2014年达到研究时段内的最低熵值；2015—2020年熵值呈增长趋势。（4）塔里木河流域农业耗水变化的主要驱动因素为农业生产条件因素和经济因素。研究结果可为塔里木河流域种植结构调整和流域内水资源管理调度提供科学参考。

关键词: 农业耗水, 时空变化, 农业水资源管理, 塔里木河流域

Abstract:

Efficient agricultural water consumption is key to achieving sustainable agricultural development and managing agricultural water resources. This study investigated agricultural water consumption in the Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China from 2000 to 2020. Methods, such as imbalance index determination, information entropy theory, and principal component analysis, were used to evaluate structural characteristics, spatiotemporal evolution patterns, and factors influencing agricultural water consumption. The findings revealed that (1) In terms of time, agricultural water consumption in the Tarim River Basin first increased and then decreased, rising from 107.3×108 m3 to 187.8×108 m3, reaching its peak at 203×108 m3 in 2016. Spatially, water consumption was higher in the west and lower in the east, with a higher consumption in the north and lower in the south of the Tarim River Basin. (2) Agricultural water consumption and water resources exhibited low compatibility in the Tarim River Basin. Only the Keriya River Basin and Dina River Basin had compatible water resources and consumption, whereas the rest of the basin faced a mismatch. (3) The information entropy of crop water consumption in the Tarim River Basin increased from 2000 to 2009, decreased from 2010 to 2014, reaching the lowest entropy in the study period in 2014, and then increased again from 2015 to 2020. (4) The primary drivers for changes in agricultural water consumption in the Tarim River Basin were agricultural production conditions and economic factors. This study provides a scientific reference for adjusting the planting structure and managing water resources in the Tarim River Basin.

Key words: agricultural water consumption, spatiotemporal changes, agricultural water resource management, Tarim River Basin