表碛覆盖区冰川活动与边界多源遥感识别研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.643

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1961-1970.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.643 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024643

表碛覆盖区冰川活动与边界多源遥感识别研究

闫晋堋¹(), 蒋宗立¹(), 刘时银², 张勇³, 魏俊锋¹, 王欣¹, 申宇峰¹

1.湖南科技大学地球科学与空间信息工程学院，湖南湘潭 411201
2.云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院，云南昆明 650500
3.湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南湘潭 411201

收稿日期:2024-10-23 修回日期:2025-04-16 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
通讯作者: 蒋宗立（1975-），男，教授，主要从事冰川变化遥感监测研究. E-mail: jiangzongli@hnust.edu.cn
作者简介:闫晋堋（1999-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事冰川变化遥感监测研究. E-mail: 15035444079@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42471154);国家自然科学基金项目(42171134);湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30237);湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ30243)

Identification of debris-covered glacier activity and boundary by multi-source remote sensing

YAN Jinpeng¹(), JIANG Zongli¹(), LIU Shiyin², ZHANG Yong³, WEI Junfeng¹, WANG Xin¹, SHEN Yufeng¹

1. School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
2. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
3. School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China

Received:2024-10-23 Revised:2025-04-16 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冰川是干旱区重要的淡水资源，表碛覆盖区冰川边界的精准识别对水资源评估至关重要。传统冰川编目数据因光谱混淆与地形复杂性，难以辨识活动冰体与石冰川的过渡区域，导致冰川范围难以准确定位，冰川水资源评估存在很大不确定性。以帕米尔高原西部昆吉尔苏冰川为研究区，采用融合合成孔径雷达（SAR）与光学遥感的识别方法，利用Sentinel-1A数据的偏移量追踪技术与TanDEM数据的大地测量法，获取冰川表面速度场和高程变化情况，结合Landsat-8光学影像目视解译冰川边界，并分析气候因素的影响。结果表明：昆吉尔苏冰川中段（距末端3.8~5.8 km区域）呈现持续活动性，冬季表面流速峰值达0.2 m·d^-1，物质交换显著；2013—2020年距末端3.8~5.8 km区域呈消融状态，而2020年后，中段累积增厚7.06±6.05 m，验证其仍为活跃冰流区。据此校正兰道夫冰川编目数据，发现原编目低估昆吉尔苏冰川面积约2.8 km²。该研究提出的多源遥感协同识别方法可为表碛覆盖冰川的活动性识别与边界更新提供理论依据，对干旱区冰川水资源动态评估及全球冰川数据库更新具有重要参考意义。

关键词: 帕米尔高原, 冰川边界, 表碛覆盖型冰川, 合成孔径雷达

Abstract:

Glaciers are essential freshwater resources in arid regions, and accurately delineating the boundaries of debris-covered glaciers is critical in assessing water resources. Traditional glacier inventory data often struggle to differentiate the transitional zones between active ice and rock glaciers due to spectral confusion and topographic complexity. This leads to uncertainties in determining glacier extents and evaluating water resources. This study focuses on the Kunjiersu glacier in the western Pamir Plateau, employing a multi-source remote sensing approach that integrates synthetic aperture radar and optical techniques. Utilizing Sentinel-1A offsettracking technology and TanDEM geodetic methods, we derive glacier surface velocity fields and elevation changes, complemented by visual interpretation of Landsat-8 optical imagery for boundary delineation while analyzing climatic influences. Key findings reveal the following. The central glacier section (3.8-5.8 km from the terminus) consistently shows activity, with peak winter velocities reaching 0.2 m·d^-1 and significant mass exchange; from 2013 to 2020, this section experienced ablation, but post-2020 data indicate cumulative thickening of 7.06±6.05 m, confirming ongoing active ice flow. Revised Randolph glacier inventory data suggest a 2.8 km² underestimation of the original area of the Kunjiersu glacier. This proposed multi-source collaborative methodology offers theoretical support for identifying glacier activity and updating boundaries of debris-covered glaciers, providing critical insights for dynamic water resource assessment in arid regions and for maintaining global glacier databases.

Key words: Pamir Plateau, glacier boundary, debris-covered glacier, synthetic aperture radar

闫晋堋, 蒋宗立, 刘时银, 张勇, 魏俊锋, 王欣, 申宇峰. 表碛覆盖区冰川活动与边界多源遥感识别研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(11): 1961-1970.

YAN Jinpeng, JIANG Zongli, LIU Shiyin, ZHANG Yong, WEI Junfeng, WANG Xin, SHEN Yufeng. Identification of debris-covered glacier activity and boundary by multi-source remote sensing[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(11): 1961-1970.

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表碛覆盖区冰川活动与边界多源遥感识别研究

Identification of debris-covered glacier activity and boundary by multi-source remote sensing

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