中国旅游休闲街区空间差异及成因分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.419

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究旅游休闲街区空间分布成因对街区健康发展具有重要意义。以2024年中国689个旅游休闲街区为研究对象，运用核密度分析、Dagum基尼系数和地理探测器对旅游休闲街区空间分布差异及其成因进行分析。结果表明：（1）旅游休闲街区根据功能和特点可分为自然游憩类、文化休闲类、康娱游憩类和专项休闲类，数量关系由大到小依次排序为：文化休闲类>康娱游憩类>自然游憩类>专项休闲类。（2）中国旅游休闲街区整体呈现“两极分散状、多核点片式”分布格局。极点主要依城市群分布，其中京津冀城市群凭借自身功能互补和要素流通迅速等优势，在各个类型中均处于极点位置。（3）从分布差异来看，旅游休闲街区各类差异由大到小依次排序为：省域间、子样本交叉重叠现象和省域内，其中域间差异中大部分差异配对为跨区域类型，整体表现为东西走向差异明显，域内差异表现为“东西低、中部高”特征。（4）从原因分析来看，三生空间对旅游休闲街区的影响程度由大到小依次为：生活功能>生产功能>生态功能，各因子交互明显提升对旅游休闲街区的解释力度，其中生活功能为主导性因素，生产功能为关键性因素，生态功能为正催化因素。

关键词: 旅游休闲街区, 空间差异, Dagum基尼系数, 地理探测器, 影响因素

Abstract:

It is of great significance to explore the causes of the spatial distribution of tourism and leisure blocks for the healthy development of blocks. Taking 689 tourism and leisure blocks in China in 2024 as the research object, the spatial distribution and causes of tourism and leisure blocks were analysed by kernel density analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient and geodetector. The results show that: (1) According to the functions and characteristics, tourism and leisure blocks can be divided into natural recreation type, cultural leisure type, entertainment and recreation type, and special leisure type, and the quantitative relationship is sorted in descending order: cultural leisure type>entertainment and recreation type>natural recreation type>special leisure type. (2) The overall pattern of tourism and leisure blocks in the country presents a pattern of “bipolar dispersion and multi-core dot piece”. The poles are mainly distributed according to the urban agglomeration, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is in the pole position among all types by virtue of its advantages such as complementary functions and rapid circulation of factors. (3) From the perspective of distribution differences, the various differences of tourism and leisure blocks are ranked in order from large to small: inter-provincial, sub-sample cross-overlapping phenomenon and intra-provincial, most of the differences between regions are paired across regions, and the overall performance is obvious east-west difference, and the distribution difference within the region is characterised by “low east-west and high in the middle”. (4) From the perspective of cause analysis, the degree of influence of production-living-ecology spaces on tourism and leisure blocks is as follows: life function>production function>ecological function, and the interaction of various factors significantly improves the interpretation of tourism and leisure blocks, among which life function is the dominant factor, production function is the key factor, and ecological function is the positive catalytic factor.

Key words: tourism and leisure blocks, spatial differences, Dagum Gini coefficient, geodetector, influencing factors

庞家朋, 李梦园. 中国旅游休闲街区空间差异及成因分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(5): 905-915.

PANG Jiapeng, LI Mengyuan. Spatial differences and causes of tourism and leisure blocks in China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(5): 905-915.

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总体	基尼系数				贡献率/%
总体	组内	组间	超变密度		组内	组间	超变密度
0.335	0.010	0.288	0.037		3.037	85.995	10.969

三生空间	二级指标	三级指标	三级指标q值
生产功能（X₁）	产业生产水平（X₄）	旅游总收入	0.203^***
		第三产业增加值	0.244^***
		第三产业增加值占GDP比重	0.173^***
		邮政业务总量	0.116^***
	经济发展效益（X₅）	货物进出口总额	0.150^***
		经济密度	0.086^**
		人均地区生产总值	0.063^**
		公共财政收入占GDP比重	0.032
生活空间（X₂）	居民生活质量（X₆）	年末单位从业人员数	0.227^***
		年末在岗职工工资	0.094^***
		人均社会消费品零售总额	0.108^***
		城镇化率	0.126^***
	社会保障水平（X₇）	万人拥有中小学教师数	0.118^***
		医院、卫生院床位数	0.297^***
		城镇基本医疗保险参保人数	0.200^***
		人均一般公共财政支出	0.065^**
生态空间（X₃）	生态压力（X₈）	地均工业SO₂排放量	0.095^**
		可吸入细颗粒物年平均浓度	0.022
		地均工业氮氧化物排放量	0.047
		万元GDP工业烟粉尘排放量	0.014
	生态响应（X₉）	人均绿地面积	0.073^**
		建成区绿地覆盖率	0.007
		生活垃圾无害化处理率	0.013
		污水处理厂集中处理率	0.018

三生空间	X₁	X₂	X₃
X₁	0.214^***	-	-
X₂	0.297	0.226^***	-
X₃	0.337^#	0.347^#	0.070^**

二级指标	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉
X₄	0.247^***	-	-	-	-	-
X₅	0.326	0.101^***	-	-	-	-
X₆	0.342	0.220	0.179^***	-	-	-
X₇	0.358	0.358^#	0.285	0.235^***	-	-
X₈	0.402^#	0.271^#	0.336^#	0.382^#	0.073^**	-
X₉	0.375^#	0.220^#	0.304^#	0.351^#	0.250^#	0.078^**