主体功能视角下中国革命老区高质量发展空间格局及影响因素

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主体功能视角下中国革命老区高质量发展空间格局及影响因素

Spatial pattern and influencing factors of high-quality development in China’s old revolutionary areas from the perspective of main functions

主体功能视角下中国革命老区高质量发展空间格局及影响因素

Spatial pattern and influencing factors of high-quality development in China’s old revolutionary areas from the perspective of main functions

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doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.291

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 517-527.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.291 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024291

付晓¹^,²(), 黄颖敏¹^,³()

1.江西理工大学新时代革命老区高质量发展研究院，江西赣州 341000
2.江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院，江西赣州 341000
3.江西理工大学建筑与设计学院，江西赣州 341000

收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-07-04 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-14
通讯作者: 黄颖敏（1986-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事城市地理与城市规划研究. E-mail: huangyingmin693@163.com
作者简介:付晓（1997-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事区域发展与区域规划研究. E-mail: fuxiao199712@163.com
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(24YJC790069);江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20232BAB203063);江西省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(GJJ210802);江西理工大学繁荣哲学社会科学研究重点项目(24FZZXLQ04)

FU Xiao¹^,²(), HUANG Yingmin¹^,³()

1. Institute of High-Quality Development of Old Revolutionary Areas in the New Era, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
2. School of Civil Engineering and Surveying Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
3. School of Architecture and Design, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China

Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-07-04 Published:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-14

摘要：

县域是推进高质量新型城镇化的重要空间载体，也是实现区域协调发展战略的重点和难点区域。基于主体功能区视角，通过建立高质量发展评价指标体系，采用耦合协调度模型和多元线性回归分析等方法，揭示2020年中国5个重点革命老区县域高质量发展空间格局及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）整体看，高质量发展指数呈现原中央苏区和大别山革命老区领先、川陕革命老区和陕甘宁革命老区次之、左右江革命老区最低的特征，高值区主要集中分布在原中央苏区，低值区多聚集在省界区域和左右江革命老区。（2）从主体功能区视角分析，各区域高质量发展指数均呈现重点开发区>农产品主产区>重点生态功能区的特征，且主体功能定位与其优势维度显著相关，以创新驱动经济高质量发展，是缩小主体差异的重要路径。（3）影响因素方面，自然环境因素和经济社会因素共同影响区域发展，3类主体功能区之间尚未形成共性驱动因素，但以人均GDP、人力资本和劳动人口为代表的经济社会因素驱动作用更加显著。研究为促进革命老区不同主体功能区县域高质量发展提供理论与实证支撑，也为促进区域协调发展、构建差异化的革命老区振兴政策提供一定的理论与政策启示。

关键词: 高质量发展, 主体功能区, 综合评价, 影响因素, 革命老区, 中国

Abstract:

County areas are important spatial carriers for promoting high-quality new urbanization. They play a critical but challenging role for achieving regional coordinated development strategies. This article is based on the perspective of main functional areas and establishes a high-quality development evaluation index system. Using methods such as the coupling coordination degree model and multiple linear regression analysis, we reveal the spatial pattern and influencing factors of high-quality development in five key old revolutionary areas and counties of China in 2020. The results are as follows: (1) Overall, the high-quality development index shows the lead of the former Central Soviet Area and the Dabie Mountains Old Revolutionary Base Area, followed by the Sichuan and Shaanxi Old Revolutionary Base Area and the Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia Old Revolutionary Base Area, with the lowest values in the Zuoyoujiang Old Revolutionary Base Area. High-value areas are mainly concentrated in the former Central Soviet Area, whereas low-value areas are mostly concentrated in the provincial border areas and the Zuoyoujiang Revolutionary Base Area. (2) From the perspective of the main functional areas, the high-quality development index of each region shows the characteristics of key development zones>agricultural product main production areas>key ecological functional areas, and the positioning of the main functional areas is significantly related to their advantageous dimensions. Innovation-driven high-quality economic development is an important path to narrowing the main differences. (3) From the analysis of influencing factors, natural environmental factors and economic and social factors jointly affect regional development. There is no common driving factor among the three main functional areas, but the driving effects of the economic and social factors represented by per capita GDP, human capital, and labor force are more significant. This research provides theoretical and empirical support for promoting high-quality development of different functional districts and counties in old revolutionary areas and theoretical and policy implications for promoting regional coordinated development and constructing differentiated revitalization policies for old revolutionary areas.

Key words: high quality development, main functional area, comprehensive evaluation, influencing factors, old revolutionary areas, China

付晓, 黄颖敏. 主体功能视角下中国革命老区高质量发展空间格局及影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(3): 517-527.

FU Xiao, HUANG Yingmin. Spatial pattern and influencing factors of high-quality development in China’s old revolutionary areas from the perspective of main functions[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(3): 517-527.

图1

图2

表1

革命老区县域高质量发展指标体系及其熵值法权重"

一级指标	二级指标	三级指标	计算方式	属性	权重
创新驱动	创新产出	万人专利/件·(10⁴人)^-1	专利授权量/常住人口	+	0.3702
	创新环境	万人从事科学技术人员数量/人·(10⁴人)^-1	科学技术人员/常住人口	+	0.1822
	地均产出	地均GDP/10⁴元·km^-2	GDP/建设用地面积	+	0.2106
	地均产出	地均粮食产量/kg·km^-2	粮食产量/耕地面积	+	0.0854
	劳动产出	劳动生产率/10⁴元·人^-1	GDP/劳动人口	+	0.1515
经济发展	经济结构	产业高级化指数/%	（二产+三产产值）/GDP总值	+	0.0426
	经济实力	GDP总量/10⁴元	统计公报	+	0.2608
	经济效率	人均GDP/元·人^-1	GDP/常住人口	+	0.1730
	经济效率	人均一般财政收入/元·人^-1	财政收入/常住人口	+	0.2593
	数字经济	信息传输软件和信息技术服务业人员占比/人·(10⁴人)^-1	七次人口普查数据	+	0.2643
城乡协调	安全保障	人均粮食产量/kg·人^-1	粮食产量/常住人口	+	0.2281
	安全保障	人均耕地面积/km²·人^-1	耕地面积/常住人口	+	0.3257
	城乡差距	城乡差异/%	城镇居民可支配收入/农村居民可支配收入	-	0.0471
	城乡差距	产业效益差异/%	乡村人均GDP/城镇人均GDP	+	0.1467
	城镇化率	城镇化率/%	七次人口普查数据	+	0.1137
	乡村振兴	农村居民人均可支配收入/元	农村居民人均可支配收入	+	0.1387
共享发展	共同富裕	人均存款/元·人^-1	居民存款总额/常住人口	+	0.3131
	红色文化	红色资源评分/分	红色资源平均得分（采用积分方式，1~2分，对应省级、国家级革命文物）个数以及平均得分的综合值^[22]	+	0.3034
	居民素质	平均受教育年限/a	七次人口普查数据	+	0.1311
	居民素质	文盲人口占15岁及以上人口比重/%	七次人口普查数据	-	0.0574
	医疗资源	人均床位/床·(10⁴人)^-1	床位数/常住人口数	+	0.1950
生态文明	空气质量	PM_2.5/μg·m^-3	PM_2.5	-	0.4853
	能源消耗	单位GDP用电量/kWh·(10⁴元)^-1	用电总量/GDP	-	0.0665
	污染排放	单位GDP碳排放/kg·(10⁴元)^-1	二氧化碳排放总量/GDP	-	0.0960
	生态环境	森林覆盖率/%	统计公报	+	0.3522
内外开放	对内联通	国内贸易/%	社会消费品零售总额/GDP	+	0.3041
	对内联通	营商环境/家·(10⁴人)^-1	新注册企业数量/常住人口	+	0.2682
	对外开放	距地级市距离/h	距离地级市通达时间	+	0.0415
		距省会距离/h	距离省会城市通达时间	+	0.0977
		路网密度/km·(10³km²)^-1	道路长度/区域面积	+	0.2884

表1

表2

表3

图3

表4

表5

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统计量	主体功能区	川陕老区	大别山老区	陕甘宁老区	原中央苏区	左右江老区	平均值
区域均值	重点开发区	0.5183	0.5346	0.4887	0.5588	0.4728	0.5220
	农产品主产区	0.5005	0.5006	0.4473	0.5195	0.4186	0.4876
	重点生态功能区	0.3551	0.3957	0.3517	0.3955	0.3079	0.3603
	总计	0.4379	0.4780	0.4133	0.4914	0.3790	0.4465
变异系数	重点开发区	0.1028	0.0787	0.1126	0.0926	0.0809	0.1118
	农产品主产区	0.0635	0.0665	0.0972	0.0587	0.0853	0.1032
	重点生态功能区	0.0588	0.0523	0.1127	0.0898	0.0631	0.1196
	总计	0.1978	0.1340	0.1888	0.1608	0.1971	0.1757

主体功能区	创新驱动	经济发展	生态文明	城乡协调	外联内通	共享发展
重点开发区	0.1723	0.2288	0.7358	0.2669	0.3338	0.2933
农产品主产区	0.1232	0.1504	0.7623	0.2704	0.2829	0.2261
重点生态功能区	0.0962	0.1200	0.8104	0.2396	0.2479	0.2226
总计	0.1265	0.1608	0.7740	0.2570	0.2835	0.2440

变量	区域	SL	AL	TU	CG	IS	GP	PD	WP	HC	BE	PE	FD	IE	GC	R²
重点开发区	革命老区	0.171^***	-0.286^***	-	-	-	0.460^***	0.184^***	0.295^***	0.412^***	-	-	-	-	0.178^***	0.796
	川陕老区	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.559^***	0.772^***	-	-	-	0.507^***	-0.391^***	0.842
	大别山老区	-	-	-	-	-	1.059^***	-	-	-	-	-	0.558^***	-	-	0.795
	陕甘宁老区	-	-	-	-	-	0.568^***	0.245^***	-	0.495^***	-	-	-	-	-	0.825
	原中央苏区	-	-	-	-	-	0.361^***	-	-	0.620^***	-0.182^***	-	0.162^***	-	0.280^***	0.905
	左右江老区	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.811^***	-	-	-	-0.567^***	-	0.604
农产品主产区	革命老区	-	-	-0.312^***	-	-	0.866^***	-	0.491^***	-	-	-	0.169^***	-	0.312^***	0.758
	川陕老区	-	-	-	-0.746^***	-	0.277^***	-	1.079^***	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.882
	大别山老区	-	-	-	-	-	0.685^***	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.451^***	0.647
	陕甘宁老区	-	-	-	-	0.768^***	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.545
	原中央苏区	-	-	-	-	0.407^***	-	-	-	0.462^***	-	-	-	0.451^***	-	0.629
	左右江老区	-	-	-	0.355^***	-	0.844^***	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.849
重点生态功能区	革命老区	-	-0.150^***	-0.123^***	-	-	0.618^***	0.139	0.340^***	0.217	-0.194^***	-	0.234^***	-	0.222^***	0.710
	川陕老区	-	-	-	-0.538^***	-	0.887^***	-	1.289^***	-	-	-	0.338^***	-	-	0.904
	大别山老区	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.463^***	0.658^***	-	-	-	0.347^***	-	0.755
	陕甘宁老区	-	-	-	-	-	0.454^***	-	-	0.518^***	-	-	-	-	-	0.788
	原中央苏区	-	-	-	-	0.228^***	-	-	-	0.768^***	-	-	-	-	-	0.661
	左右江老区	-	-	-	-	-	0.783^***	-	-	-	-	-0.306^***	-	-	-	0.686

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主体功能区类型	创新驱动	经济发展	生态文明	城乡协调	内外开放	共享发展
重点开发区	0.20	0.20	0.10	0.10	0.20	0.20
农产品主产区	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.20	0.15	0.20
重点生态功能区	0.15	0.15	0.20	0.15	0.15	0.20

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