干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 825-837.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.305 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024305
勿吉斯古冷1(), 那日苏1(
), 丽娜2, 银山1, 乌云达来1, 李明星1, 赖韶杰1
收稿日期:
2024-05-17
修回日期:
2024-07-19
出版日期:
2025-05-25
发布日期:
2025-05-13
通讯作者:
那日苏(1989-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事沙漠化监测与防治研究. E-mail: nars2022@163.com作者简介:
勿吉斯古冷(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事沙漠化敏感性评价研究. E-mail: wujisiguleng0318@163.com
基金资助:
Wujisiguleng 1(), Narisu 1(
), LI Na2, YIN Shan1, Wuyundalai 1, LI Mingxing1, LAI Shaojie1
Received:
2024-05-17
Revised:
2024-07-19
Published:
2025-05-25
Online:
2025-05-13
摘要: 沙漠化是对人类社会影响最严重的环境问题之一,探究沙漠化敏感性的时空变化以及揭示其驱动因素是防治沙漠化的关键。基于地中海荒漠化与土地利用(MEDALUS)模型,采用GIS空间分析、地理探测器等方法,以多种自然因素和人类活动因素结合构建沙漠化敏感性评估模型,揭示呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化敏感性的时空演变规律及其驱动机制。结果表明:(1) 2001—2020年,呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化敏感性程度呈下降-上升-下降趋势,其中,2001—2010年呈下降趋势,2010—2015年上升,2015—2020年再次出现下降现象。(2) 在空间分布上,呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化敏感性程度由西向东降低,依次分布为极度、高度、中度、轻度和不敏感。(3) 气候、植被及土壤要素对沙漠化敏感性的影响力最大,其次是人为干扰要素,而地形要素影响最低,并且任意2个要素的交互作用都大于单个要素。研究结果可为呼伦贝尔草原沙漠化防治和策略的制定提供借鉴。
勿吉斯古冷, 那日苏, 丽娜, 银山, 乌云达来, 李明星, 赖韶杰. 2001—2020年呼伦贝尔草原土地沙漠化敏感性时空格局演化[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(5): 825-837.
Wujisiguleng , Narisu , LI Na, YIN Shan, Wuyundalai , LI Mingxing, LAI Shaojie. Spatiotemporal pattern evolution of land desertification sensitivity in Hulun Buir grassland from 2001 to 2020[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(5): 825-837.
表1
呼伦贝尔草原土地沙漠化敏感性评估数据源"
数据名称 | 年份 | 空间分辨率 | 来源 |
---|---|---|---|
数字高程模型(DEM)数据 | 2023 | 90 m | 地理空间数据云平台( |
土壤侵蚀数据 | 1995 | - | 中国科学院资源与环境科学数据中心( |
中国土壤质地空间分布数据 | 1995 | - | 中国科学院资源与环境科学数据中心( |
中国100万植被类型空间分布数据 | 2001 | 1 km | 中国科学院资源与环境科学数据中心( |
归一化植被指数因子数据 | 2001—2020 | 1 km | 中国科学院资源与环境科学数据中心( |
土壤数据集 | 1995 | - | 国家青藏高原科学数据中心( |
表层土壤水分数据 | 2001—2020 | 1 km | 时空三极环境大数据平台( |
气候数据 | 2001—2020 | 0.1°×0.1° | European Centre for Medium-Range Weather (Forecasts |
植被净初级生产力数据 | 2001—2020 | 1 km | National Aeronautics and Space Administration( |
土地覆盖类型产品数据 | 2001—2020 | 1 km | National Aeronautics and Space Administration( |
人口密度数据 | 2001—2020 | 1 km | WorldPop官网( |
表2
土地沙漠化敏感性指数指标因子分类"
本底要素 | 指标因子 | 类别 | 描述 | 本底要素 | 指标因子 | 类别 | 描述 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
地形质量 指数(GQI) | 坡度(Aspect)/(°) | 1 | <0.619 | 气候质量 指数(CQI) | 年平均气温(TEM)/℃ | 1 | <0.007 |
2 | 0.619~1.497 | 2 | 0.007~1.350 | ||||
3 | 1.497~2.844 | 3 | >1.350 | ||||
4 | >2.844 | 年总降水量 (PRE)/mm | 1 | >489.176 | |||
坡向(Slope) | 1 | 平面 | 2 | 406.949~489.176 | |||
2 | 北 | 3 | 321.886~406.949 | ||||
3 | 东北 | 4 | <321.886 | ||||
4 | 东 | 植被质量 指数(VQI) | 归一化植被 指数(NDVI) | 1 | >0.700 | ||
5 | 东南 | 2 | 0.517~0.700 | ||||
6 | 南 | 3 | 0.243~0.517 | ||||
7 | 西南 | 4 | <0.243 | ||||
8 | 西 | 植被净初级 生产力(NPP) /g C·m-2·a-1 | 1 | >16495.6 | |||
9 | 西北 | 2 | 3919.7~16495.6 | ||||
土壤质量 指数(SQI) | 土壤侵蚀(SE) | 1 | 微度 | 3 | 2658.9~3919.7 | ||
2 | 轻度 | 4 | <2658.9 | ||||
3 | 中度 | 抗旱性(DR) | 1 | 针叶林、阔叶林、灌丛、沼泽 | |||
4 | 强度 | 2 | 多年生草本植物 | ||||
5 | 极强度 | 3 | 农作物、一年生植物、其他 | ||||
土壤有机质 含量(SOM)/% | 1 | >3.913 | 人为干扰质 量指数(AQI) | 人口密度 (PD)/人·km-2 | 1 | <364.070 | |
2 | 2.448~3.913 | 2 | 364.070~1395.603 | ||||
3 | 1.293~2.448 | 3 | 1395.603~3337.311 | ||||
4 | <1.293 | 4 | 3337.311~7038.692 | ||||
土壤含沙量(Sand)/% | 1 | <34 | 5 | >7038.692 | |||
2 | 10~48 | 土地利用(LU) | 1 | 林地、有林草原、灌木、永久性湿地、 城市和建成区、永久性积雪、水域 | |||
3 | 30~63 | ||||||
4 | >63 | 2 | 稀树草原、农田 | ||||
表层土壤水分含 量(SM)/m3·m-3 | 1 | >206.10 | 3 | 草地、荒地 | |||
2 | 175.10~206.10 | ||||||
3 | 83.15~175.10 | ||||||
4 | <83.15 |
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