人口变化背景下城市教育资源空间均衡性评估——以乌鲁木齐市主城区为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.034

Abstract

Abstract:

By collecting data from the national population census, the location of primary schools and residential areas in Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China in 2020, urban road network and other data, this paper uses numerical statistics, buffer zone analysis, cost matrix analysis and other methods to explore the spatial balance of primary education resources in Urumqi City. The study findings are as follows: (1) The distribution of elementary school education resources in Urumqi City is uneven, with a relatively greater abundance in the Tianshan and Shayibake Districts, and a relative lack of resources in parts of the Xinshi, Toutunhe, and Shuimogou Districts. (2) Some elementary schools located in the Tianshan, Shayibake, and Xinshi Districts, and within 0-4 min driving distance, may become candidates for exporting or optimizing primary education resources in Urumqi City in the future. (3) Affected by changes in the structure of the school-age population, Urumqi education resources in 2026 may again be in greater supply than demand, objectively providing favorable conditions for improving the imbalance of education resources in the city. (4) Parts of the Xinshi, Shuimogou, Shayibake, Toutunhe Districts, and other high light index districts have relatively scarce elementary school education resources; it is recommended to focus on these areas in the future. This study provides a scientific reference for the future spatial adjustment of educational resources in Urumqi City.

Key words: population trends, educational resource optimization, accessibility analysis, school-age population, Urumqi City

HONG Chunhua, LI Xiaohu. Assessing the spatial equity of urban educational resources under the background of population changes: A case study of the main urban area of Urumqi City[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(8): 1411-1419.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Tab. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Tab. 4

References 25

[1]	梁文艳, 孙雨婷. 义务教育资源配置如何适应城乡学龄人口变动——基于第七次全国人口普查数据的测算[J]. 教育研究, 2023, 44(4): 106-121.
	[Liang Wenyan, Sun Yuting. How compulsory education resource allocation adapts to the changes in urban-rural school-age population: Estimations based on the 7^th national population census data[J]. Educational Research, 2023, 44(4): 106-121.]
[2]	王峰. 学前教育资源过剩多地幼儿园撤并: 教育应变人口形势[N]. 21世纪经济报道, 2023-09-12( 006).
	[Wang Feng. Excess preschool education resources, multiple kindergartens merged: Adapting education to population changes[N]. 21st Century Business Herald, 2023-09-12( 006).]
[3]	麻嘉玲, 陈晓宇, 魏海. 我国小学教育资源空间布局及其形成机制[J]. 教育学术月刊. 2020, 20(10): 14-22.
	[Ma Jialing, Chen Xiaoyu, Wei Hai. Analysis on the spatial distribution of primary education resources in China and its formation mechanism[J]. Education Research Monthly, 2020, 20(10): 14-22.]
[4]	孔庆鹏, 庄甲鹏. 2013—2020年我国小学教育资源配置效率及影响因素[J]. 教育测量与评价, 2022, 22(4): 11-20.
	[Kong Qingpeng, Zhuang Jiapeng. The resources allocation efficiency and influencing factors of primary education in China from 2013 to 2020[J]. Educational Measurement and Evaluation, 2022, 22(4): 11-20.]
[5]	孙琳. 城市区县义务教育资源配置均衡性问题研究——以天津市为例[D]. 天津: 天津财经大学, 2018.
	[Sun Lin. Research on the balance of compulsory education resource allocation in urban and county areas in Tianjin[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, 2018.]
[6]	禚保玲, 张志敏, 王振. 青岛市东岸城区小学教育资源空间布局研究[J]. 青岛理工大学学报, 2022, 43(2): 97-102.
	[Zhuo Baoling, Zhang Zhimin, Wang Zhen. A study on the spatial distribution of primary education resources on eastern shore of Qingdao[J]. Journal of Qingdao University of Technology, 2022, 43(2): 97-102.]
[7]	李恩毕. 云南省龙陵县城乡小学教育资源配置问题研究[D]. 郴州: 湘南学院, 2020, 41(4): 98-102.
	[Li Enbi. Research on the allocation of primary school educational resources in urban and rural areas of Longling County, Yunnan Province[D]. Chenzhou: Xiangnan University, 2020, 41(4): 98-102.]
[8]	赵雪, 江辉仙, 郝志兵. 福州市鼓楼区小学教育资源空间可达性分析与评价[J]. 海南师范大学学报 (自然科学版), 2019, 32(4): 438-446.
	[Zhao Xue, Jiang Huixian, Hao Zhibing. Analysis and evaluation of primary education resources spatial accessibility of Fuzhou Gulou District[J]. Journal of Hainan Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 32(4): 438-446.]
[9]	张春花, 余婷. 基于均衡发展的城市小学布局研究——以德阳市中心城区为例[J]. 城市与区域规划研究, 2017, 9(4): 213-227.
	[Zhang Chunhua, Yu Ting. Layout of primary schools based on balanced development: A case study on the central city of Deyang[J]. Journal of Urban and Regional Planning, 2017, 9(4): 213-227.]
[10]	拜静雅. 北京城六区中小学校空间配置及其优化研究[D]. 北京: 首都经济贸易大学, 2015.
	[Bai Jingya. Research on the spatial configuration and optimization of primary and secondary schools in the six districts of Beijing[D]. Beijing: Capital University of Economics and Business, 2015.]
[11]	张品. 城市区域分化与基础教育不均衡发展研究——以天津市为例[J]. 社科纵横, 2013, 28(8): 146-148.
	[Zhang Ping. Research on urban regional differentiation and uneven development of basic education: A case study of Tianjin[J]. Social Sciences Review, 2013, 28(8): 146-148.]
[12]	郭全. 基于GIS的城市基础教育资源布局均衡性研究——以兰州市城关区中小学为例[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2011.
	[Guo Quan. Research on GIS-based urban infrastructure equilibrium distribution of educational resources: Case study of primary and secondary schools in Chengguan District, Lanzhou City[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2011.]
[13]	孙建华. 基于GIS空间分析优化小学教育设施资源配置探索[J]. 城市勘测, 2022, 22(2): 88-90, 95.
	[Sun Jianhua. Exploration on optimizing primary school educational facility resource allocation based on GIS spatial analysis[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying, 2022, 22(2): 88-90, 95.]
[14]	张一帆, 景海涛, 王莉. 基于GIS的城市教育资源均衡性与优化研究[J]. 地理空间信息, 2020, 18(3): 55-60, 7.
	[Zhang Yifan, Jing Haitao, Wang Li. Research on the proportionality and optimization of urban education resource based on GIS[J]. Geospatial Information, 2020, 18(3): 55-60, 7.]
[15]	周洪叶, 刘仁义, 张丰, 等. 多交通模式下的小学教育资源空间可达性分析[J]. 地理信息世界, 2019, 26(1): 54-60.
	[Zhou Hongye, Liu Renyi, Zhang Feng, et al. Analysis on accessibility of primary educational resources based on multi mode traffic network[J]. World of Geospatial Information, 2019, 26(1): 54-60.]
[16]	蓝振家, 郭庆胜, 董慧娟, 等. 基于海量POI数据的城市小学教育资源信息的提取与分析[J]. 测绘工程, 2016, 25(10): 59-63.
	[Lan Zhenjia, Guo Qingsheng, Dong Huijuan, et al. Extraction and analysis of urban primary school educational resource information based on massive POI data[J]. Engineering of Surveying and Mapping, 2016, 25(10): 59-63.]
[17]	赵燕莉, 楚新正. 乌鲁木齐市中小学空间分布特征分析[J]. 榆林学院学报, 2012, 22(6): 114-117.
	[Zhao Yanli, Chu Xinzheng. Analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of primary and secondary schools in Urumqi City[J]. Journal of Yulin University, 2012, 22(6): 114-117.]
[18]	林涛. 乌鲁木齐地区学校的空间分布及其初步分析[J]. 新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1993, 93(1): 82-90.
	[Lin Tao. Spatial distribution of schools in the Urumqi region and its preliminary analysis[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 1993, 93(1): 82-90.]
[19]	赵永玉, 阿里木江·卡斯木, 高鹏文, 等. 基于地理探测器的乌鲁木齐市城区扩展及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(6): 1729-1739.
	[Zhao Yongyu, Kasimu Alimjiang, Gao Pengwen, et al. Quantitative analysis of urban expansion and response factors in Urumqi City based on random forest algorithm and geographical detector[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(6): 1729-1739.]
[20]	赵志远, 丁逸尘, 杨喜平, 等. 基于手机定位数据的西宁市老年人公园绿地可达性预测[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(10): 1744-1756.
	[Zhao Zhiyuan, Ding Yichen, Yang Xiping, et al. Prediction of the accessibility of parks and green spaces for the elderly in Xining City based on mobile phone location data[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(10): 1744-1756.]
[21]	张文斌, 张志斌. 基于扩展生态位理论的居住空间分异研究——以兰州市为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(8): 1376-1386.
	[Zhang Wenbin, Zhang Zhibin. Residential spatial differentiation based on extended niche theory: A case of Lanzhou City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(8): 1376-1386.]
[22]	乌鲁木齐市人民政府. 2022年乌鲁木齐市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[DB/OL]. http://www.wlmq.gov.cn/fjbm/tjj/tjgb/530376.htm. [2023-04].
	[People’s Government of Urumqi. Statistical bulletin of national economic and social development of Urumqi City in 2022[DB/OL]. http://www.wlmq.gov.cn/fjbm/tjj/tjgb/530376.htm. [2023-04].]
[23]	国家统计局. 全国历次人口普查数据[DB/OL]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj. [2022].
	[National Bureau of Statistics. National census data[DB/OL]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj. [2022].]
[24]	徐新良. 中国人口空间分布公里网格数据集. 资源环境科学数据注册与出版系统[DB/OL]. http://www.resdc.cn/DOI:10.12078/2017121101. [2022].
	[Xu Xinliang. Kilometer grid dataset of China’s population spatial distribution. Resource and environmental science data registration and publishing system[DB/OL]. http://www.resdc.cn/DOI:10.12078/2017121101. [2022].]
[25]	徐新良. 中国夜间灯光年度数据集. 资源环境科学数据注册与出版系统[DB/OL]. http://www.resdc.cn/DOI:10.12078/2022090902. [2022].
	[Xu Xinliang. Annual dataset of China’s nighttime lights. Resource and environmental science data registration and publishing system[DB/OL]. http://www.resdc.cn/DOI:10.12078/2022090902. [2022].]

区名称	小学数量/个	住宅区数量/个
天山区	30	672
沙依巴克区	32	950
新市区	24	1057
水磨沟区	19	634
头屯河区	6	208
合计	111	3521

区名称	距离<500 m 居住区数量/个	百分比/%	距离500~1000 m 居住区数量/个	百分比/%	距离1000~2000 m 居住区数量/个	百分比/%	距离>2000 m 居住区数量/个	百分比/%
天山区	414	61.61	177	26.34	72	10.71	9	1.34
沙依巴克区	445	46.84	308	32.42	119	12.53	78	8.21
新市区	236	22.33	391	36.99	309	29.23	121	11.45
水磨沟区	275	43.38	197	31.07	133	20.98	29	4.57
头屯河区	31	14.90	40	19.23	46	22.12	91	43.75
合计	1401	39.79	1113	31.61	679	19.28	328	9.32

区名称	小学名称
天山区	第1小学、第2小学、第5小学、第10小学、第11小学、第12小学、第13小学、第15小学、第19小学、第20小学、第30小学、第31小学、第32小学、第40小学、第43小学、第44小学、第73小学、第117中附小、外国语小学、第1小学分校、第5小学分校、第9小学分校、第13小学分校、第43小学分校
沙依巴克区	第3小学、第6小学、第14小学、第16小学、第21小学、第22小学、第24小学、第26小学、第27小学、第34小学、第68小学、第42小学、第47小学、第55小学、第56小学、第57小学、第70小学、第86小学、第89小学、第120小学、第22小学分校、雪莲小学、新疆农业大学附属中学小学部
新市区	第35小学、第36小学、第37中小学部、第62小学、第79小学、第80小学、第122小学、第132小学、第133小学、第135小学

区名称	人口密度					灯光指数
区名称	高密度区	较高密度区	中密度区	较低密度区	低密度区	高等级区	较高等级区	中等级区	较低等级区	低等级区
天山区	6	11	6	2	5	12	13	4	1	0
沙依巴克区	9	11	2	6	4	2	14	8	8	0
新市区	0	2	10	9	3	1	16	6	1	0
水磨沟区	0	4	4	2	9	3	11	5	0	0
头屯河区	0	0	0	1	5	0	2	3	1	0
合计	15	28	22	20	26	18	56	26	11	0

Assessing the spatial equity of urban educational resources under the background of population changes: A case study of the main urban area of Urumqi City

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 9

References 25

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	LIN Qiuping, LI Songrui, YANG Shangguang, WANG Yunyun. Spatiotemporal evolution, influencing factors, and development strategies of logistics enterprise location in Urumqi City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(7): 1252-1262.
[2]	TANG Yuting, DU Hongru. Spatial scope of community living circle and comprehensive measurement method of construction level: Urumqi City as an example [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(2): 332-342.
[3]	PENG Ya, WANG Juanjuan, WANG Shanshan, TIAN Liulan, LIU Jie, WU Zhaopeng. Spatiotemporal pattern evolution of land use conflict in Urumqi City from the perspective of ecological security [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(1): 81-92.
[4]	TIAN Liulan, WANG Shanshan, WU Zhaopeng. Construction of ecological security pattern in Urumqi based on multi-temporal remote sensing data [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(7): 1155-1165.
[5]	LIANG Liang, GUO Xiaosong, CHEN Hanjie, XU Haofan, ZHOU Yanbo, XIE Shaowen, YANG Fen, WEI Chaoyang. Accumulation characteristics and ecological risks of heavy metals in green land soils in core urban area of Urumqi City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(11): 1868-1878.
[6]	SUI Lu, PU Chunling, LIU Zhiyou, BAI Pengfei, LIU Tao. Trade-off synergy of ecosystem service value in Urumqi City based on PLUS model [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(1): 159-168.
[7]	LI Anbei,WAN Yu,ZHANG Jun,LI Ruqi,Mangsuer AIRETI,LI Na. Circulation classification and cause analysis of the snowstorm case in Urumqi City from 1961 to 2019 [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(2): 379-388.
[8]	ZHAO Yongyu,Alimujiang KASIM,GAO Pengwen,LIANG Hongwu. Quantitative analysis of urban expansion and response factors in Urumqi City based on random forest algorithm and geographical detector [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(6): 1729-1739.
[9]	ZHAO Keming,LI Na,LI Xia,SUN Mingjing,SHI Junjie,AN Dawei,PU Jie,ZHENG Bohua. Characteristic analysis of atmospheric diffusion conditions of winter foehn weather process in Urumqi City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(6): 1534-1544.
[10]	MIAO Yunling,GONG Hengrui,WANG Jian,GE Yicheng,LI Ruqi. Diurnal variation characteristics of summer precipitation in Urumqi Cityfrom 2012 to 2019 [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(5): 1222-1230.
[11]	XIAO Fengling,DU Hongru,ZHANG Xiaolei. Evaluation of spatial allocation of residential quarters and public service facilities based on the perspective of “15 minutes life circle”: A case study of Urumqi City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(2): 574-583.
[12]	WANG Yishan,ZHANG Fei,CHEN Rui,QI Yaxiao,LIU Changjiang. Comprehensive ecological security assessment: A case study of Urumqi City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(2): 427-440.
[13]	LI Zhen-jie, JIN Li-li, HE Qing, MIAO Qi-long, ALI Mamtimin. Characteristics of specific humidity distribution and profiles in Urumqi City and suburbs [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(4): 977-996.
[14]	LI Zhen-jie, JIN Li-li, HE Qing, MIAO Qi-long, ALI Mamtimin. Characteristics of temperature distribution and profiles in Urumqi City and its suburb [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(6): 1273-1281.
[15]	LIU Yushan, DONG Ye. Residential structure of Urumqi City based on index analysis method [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(3): 698-705.