“15分钟生活圈”视角下住宅小区与公共服务设施空间配置评价——以乌鲁木齐市为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.02.28

Abstract

Abstract:

The high-quality development of new-type urbanization focuses on improving people’s sense of happiness and gain. Increasing public service construction in the 15-minute life circle could effectively improve people’s life satisfaction. According to the requirements of the national “15 minute life circle” construction, using the POI data of Gaode map, using the methods of kernel density estimation, buffer analysis and grid analysis, this paper judges the spatial coverage characteristics of public service facilities in Urumqi, and comprehensively evaluates the spatial matching between residential areas and various facilities. (1) The spatial layout characteristics of different types of basic public service facilities are different, which are not only related to the agglomeration and distribution of residential quarters, but also reflect the attributes of different facilities. (2) The coverage of various basic public service facilities in the residential community’s 15-minute life circle has specific differences. The coverage rate of public transportation trips represented by bus stations is the highest. Supermarkets, fruit and vegetable shops, and barbershops are convenient commercial facilities. The coverage rate of daily service facilities is higher than that of banks, telecommunications, business halls, and other facilities. The kindergarten coverage rate in educational facilities is the highest, followed by primary schools, and the coverage rate in middle schools is low. The coverage rate of medical facilities is insignificantly different among several types, and health service centers, pharmacies, and clinics can achieve a 95% coverage. (3) There are obvious regional differences in the compliance rates of various basic public services and residential space allocation. In densely populated areas, the proportion of residential areas is high where public service facilities, such as convenience business, education, medical care, and transportation meet the standards, and the compliance rate of peripheral areas with relatively low population densities and new urban medical and convenience commercial facilities is low. (4) Constructing a 15-minute life circle in Urumqi should focus on strengthening public service facilities in newly built urban areas, especially convenience businesses and primary-level medical facilities. Old urban areas should strengthen public service by updating facilities during the transformation process.

Key words: public facility, residential quarter, 15 minutes life circle, space configuration, Urumqi City

XIAO Fengling,DU Hongru,ZHANG Xiaolei. Evaluation of spatial allocation of residential quarters and public service facilities based on the perspective of “15 minutes life circle”: A case study of Urumqi City[J].Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(2): 574-583.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 30

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设施大类	“15分钟生活圈”设施覆盖率/%
设施大类	设施小类	中心城区	天山区	沙依巴克区	新市区	水磨沟区	头屯河区
便民商业	便民商店果蔬店洗衣店美容美发店五金店银行电讯营业厅公共厕所	98.87 97.79 95.43 97.21 96.59 94.81 93.00 95.89	99.83 99.65 99.14 99.48 97.93 98.45 95.86 99.31	99.41 97.82 96.40 97.96 98.40 95.92 93.16 95.49	99.10 98.47 95.41 97.20 97.96 95.29 97.07 96.56	97.70 96.32 93.33 94.94 94.02 94.71 88.51 97.47	92.97 87.63 73.20 88.66 76.30 61.86 61.86 72.16
教育	幼儿园小学中学	95.67 88.66 85.91	97.93 99.14 96.90	97.09 89.98 82.82	95.16 85.22 88.03	94.25 88.97 83.44	82.47 43.30 95.88
医疗	卫生服务中心药店诊所	92.20 97.52 97.97	97.07 99.14 99.14	95.20 98.11 94.32	94.27 98.47 95.41	87.82 95.17 94.02	46.39 84.59 75.26
交通	公交站点	99.50	99.83	99.42	99.49	99.08	100.00

设施大类	达标标准
便民商业	便民商店、果蔬店、洗衣店、美容美发店、五金店、银行、电讯营业厅、公共厕所均存在
教育	幼儿园、小学、中学同时存在
医疗	社区卫生服务中心、站至少存在一个,药店、诊所至少存在一个
交通	一个及以上公交站点存在

Evaluation of spatial allocation of residential quarters and public service facilities based on the perspective of “15 minutes life circle”: A case study of Urumqi City

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