1990—2020年朋曲流域冰川变化及其对气候变化的响应

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.159

Abstract

Abstract:

This study examines the distribution and change of glacier area in the Pumqu Basin, Tibet, China over the last 30 years as well as its response to climate change. The purpose of this study is to develop a more intuitive and comprehensive understanding of the total change characteristics of glaciers in the Pumqu Basin and the spatial distribution pattern and dynamic change differences between various slope directions and slopes over time. The Pumqu Basin is located on the southern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Pumqu Basin has experienced crustal uplift, and the precipitation in the basin is large. The glaciers in this area have a large distribution area, diverse types, complex terrain, and climate conditions, and the ecological environment is sensitive and fragile. Currently, research on the Pumqu Basin mostly focuses on the analysis of the regional ice lake area change and the potential collapse of ice lakes. Although there are some studies on glacier change in the Pumqu Basin, the research period sequence is short, and there are few studies on the relationship between glacier and climate change in the Pumqu Basin. The glacier boundary of the Pumqu Basin from 1990 to 2020 is extracted by remote sensing image processing and visual interpretation methods based on the long-time series of Landsat remote sensing image data and Digital Elevation Model, and the Pumqu Basin is studied from many angles. The results showed that: (1) the glacier area in the study area continued to decrease; the retreat rate of the glacier area in the study period was 1.52 %·a^-1 from 1990 to 2020; and the melting rate increased year by year. (2) The distribution area of glaciers increases first and then decreases with elevation, and the distribution area between 5900 m and 6100 m is the largest. (3) Glaciers in all slope directions showed a retreat trend, with the biggest and smallest retreat rates on the south and north slopes, respectively, during the period of 1990—2020. (4) In addition, the glacier with different slope grades shows a retreating trend. Glacier retreat primarily occurs in the range of 15° to 45°, with a maximum slope of between 30° and 35°. The maximum rate of retreat is between 30° and 35°. (5) Comprehensive analysis of regional temperature and precipitation data shows that climatic conditions influence glacier area change in the study area, with increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation likely to be the primary causes of glacier retreat.

Key words: glacier variations, motivation analysis, remote sensing, Pumqu Basin, geographic information system (GIS)

TANG Yuanhang,LI Mengqi,DENG Ling,WANG Xiaoli. Glacier change and its response to climate change in Pumqu Basin during 1990—2020[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 27-36.

Figures/Tables 13

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行列号	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%
141/40	1988-12-15	2	2000-11-22	1	2010-12-12	24	2020-10-20	4
140/40	1989-11-09	1	2000-11-15	0	2009-11-08	1	2020-10-29	1
140/41	1989-11-09	1	2000-10-30	27	2012-12-02	1	2020-10-22	11
139/41	1990-06-14	42	2000-12-26	1	2012-10-08	18	2020-12-16	1

年份	缓冲区面积/km²	总面积/km²	误差率/%
1990	59.09	1248.71	4.73
2000	58.72	1209.19	4.86
2010	57.08	1152.25	4.95
2020	55.45	1068.10	5.19

年份	面积/km²	退缩量/km²	面积变化/%	年均面积变化/%·a^-1
1990	1248.71	-	-	-
2000	1209.19	39.52	-3.16	-0.32
2010	1152.25	56.94	-4.71	-0.47
2020	1068.10	84.15	-7.30	-0.73
总计	-	180.61	-15.18	-1.52

冰川规模/km²	1990年		2020年
冰川规模/km²	冰川条数	冰川面积/km²	冰川条数	冰川面积/km²
≤0.2	285	29.86	408	30.94
0.2~0.5	204	66.83	188	58.86
0.5~1	119	86.53	103	74.70
1~2	94	133.21	70	98.84
2~5	81	251.95	67	192.87
5~10	26	196.19	24	164.58
10~20	6	87.51	9	141.04
20~50	11	326.99	8	244.88
50~100	1	69.63	1	61.39
总计	827	1248.71	878	1068.10

Glacier change and its response to climate change in Pumqu Basin during 1990—2020

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