露天煤矿周围的四种植被重金属富集和转移特征分析

Abstract

Abstract: Coal mine meets people's demand for energy,which not only promotes the economic growth,but also ensures the regional security and sustainable development. Meanwhile,the excessive exploitation of mining brings negative effect to the local eco-environment. As one of the most important indicators of eco-environmental pollution,the growth situation of plant is significant to evaluate the regional eco-environment. In this paper,instructed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer,descriptive statistical methods,bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF)methods,based on field sampling and experimental analysis,the source of heavy metal and the absorption and enrichment of Anabasis aphylla,Reaumuria songonica,Epherdra distachya and Haloxylon ammodendorn to them in the area of Zhundong surface mine,Xinjiang,China has been researched. The result shows that: heavy metal contents of Cr,Hg and Pb in the soil are 1.94,3.06 and 3.0 times higher than the Regional Soil Environmental Background value,the contents of Cr and Pb are 1.57 and 3.01 times higher than the second grade criteria of the National Standard of Soil Environment Quality (GB15618-1995);Regarding to the amounts of Heavy metals in plant,the amount of Zn,Cu and Cr is higher than that of Pb,As and Hg. The content of Cr (19.78 mg·kg^-1)in the root of A. aphylla and the content of Hg in these four kinds of plant species exceed the normal range that the plant demands,but other heavy metal contents are in normal range. Regarding to the TF and BAF of heavy metal,for Zn and Cu,there is a high correlation between the A. aphylla and the soil,for Zn、Hg、and As,there is a high correlation between R. songonica and the soil,for Zn、Cu and As, there is a high correlation between H. ammodendron and the soil,but for other elements,there is a weak correlation between the plant and the soil. Most of the heavy metals in plants come from soil,atmospheric dust fall and the traffic pollution. Regarding to the TF and BAF of heavy metals,the BAF of Hg in A.aphylla (2.89),R. songonica (1.14),H. ammodendron (1.72)are greater than 1,this proofs that these kinds of plant have a large Hg bioaccumulation capacity,and the order is A. aphylla >H. ammodendron >R. songonica,which indicates that these plants have the bioaccumulation potentials of Hg. BAF of Cu in E. distachya is 1.26,also greater than 1. If the TF of some elements is larger than 1,it is illustrated that these plants have translocation capacity of these elements. The TF of Zn,Cr,and Pb in A. aphylla,R. songonica,H. ammodendron is greater than 1. Above three kinds of plant has a good tolerance to the heavy metal;they can be selected as the pioneer plant for the ecological rehabilitation in mining area. Analysis of the contents,accumulation and transformation characteristics of heavy metals of the arid region plants are very important for selecting pioneer plants in this region. This study have a practical significance of management and improvement of the eco-environments in heavy metal polluted region.

Key words: soil, plant, heavy metals, bioaccumulation factor(BAF), translocation factor(TF)

CLC Number:

X173

Abdugheni ABLIZ, Tashpolat TIYIP, Umut HALIK, SHI Qing-dong, Nigara TASHPOLAT, Tayierjiang AISHAN, Aerzuna ABULIMITI. Heavy metal accumulation and its transfer characteristics of four plant species under the effect of opened coal mine[J]., 2017, 40(6): 1207-1217.

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Heavy metal accumulation and its transfer characteristics of four plant species under the effect of opened coal mine

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