膨润土对风沙土理化性质及苏丹草生长的影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.389

Abstract

Abstract:

Drought and desertification have become a worldwide resource and environmental problem, causing the reduction in eolian sandy soil capability to hold water and fertilizer, lowering the soil quality, resulting in the scarcity of vegetation, and seriously limiting the agricultural and forestry production and crop growth in desertification areas. Therefore, for the healthy growth of soil desertification zones, it is crucial to develop a type of material that can not only preserve water but also improve the physical and chemical properties of soil in this area. Bentonite, a naturally occurring mineral, has excellent water absorption, water storage, and adsorption capabilities due to its distinctive crystal structure. This study selected the sand soil obtained from the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang of China as the research object and examined the effects of bentonite addition with different mass fractions and combinations (combined bentonite with organic fertilizer, humic acid) on water retention capacity, soil physical, and chemical properties (pH, conductivity, water retention, bulk density, permeability coefficient, and field capacity) improvement and plant growth of eolian sandy soil. Moreover, this study analyzed the effect and mechanism of bentonite on eolian sand soil improvement based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of eolian sand structure. The result showed the following: (1) The water content of aeolian sandy soil was significantly increased by 19.4%-21.9% (P<0.05) by the addition of 0.5% bentonite (B1), by the addition of 2.0% bentonite (B4) and by the combination of 2.0% bentonite and 1.0% organic fertilizer (BF4) (P<0.05). (2) Bentonite combinations of all treatments significantly improved the physical properties of aeolian sandy soil, and the addition of bentonite (B>0.5%) significantly decreased bulk density by 9.9%-11.1% (P<0.05), increased the total porosity by 11.7%-13.1% (P<0.05), decreased the osmotic coefficient by 56.7%-73.3% (P<0.05), and increased the field water capacity by 15.4%-16.1% (P<0.05). (3) In addition, the addition of bentonite (B>0.5%) significantly increased the pH of aeolian sandy soil (P<0.05), while the other treatments had no significant effect on pH (P>0.05). The combination of bentonite and humic acid (BA) and the combination of bentonite, humic acid, and organic fertilizer (BFA) significantly increased the conductivity of aeolian sandy soil (P<0.05). (4) The study on plant growth found that adding B and BF improved the germination rate and biomass of Sorghum sudanense. (5) The results of correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that bentonite and organic fertilizer played a significant role in biological growth by improving soil physical and chemical properties. (6) Moreover, the results of the SEM showed that bentonite played a role in water absorption expansion and bonding and binds sand grains together. In conclusion, adding bentonite and organic fertilizer to eolian sandy soil can improve the physical properties and improve the soil’s water retention capacity, which is conducive to the improvement of eolian sandy soil and plant recovery in desertification areas.

Key words: bentonite, soil amelioration, physical and chemical properties, growth state

Madinai ABULIMITI, ZHANG Yongjuan, WANG Li, ZHAO Li, LI Congjuan. Effect of bentonite on physical and chemical properties of aeolian sandy soil and growth of Sorghum sudanense[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(5): 763-772.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 40

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矿物组成/%						胶质价/mL·g^-1	膨胀容/mL·g^-1	膨润值/mL·g^-1	吸蓝量/mL·g^-1
SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Na₂O	MgO	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	胶质价/mL·g^-1	膨胀容/mL·g^-1	膨润值/mL·g^-1	吸蓝量/mL·g^-1
68.3	7.1	3.5	2.7	2.5	1.1	52.0	57.0	22.0	39.7

处理	容重/g·cm^-3	总孔隙度/g·cm^-3	渗透系数/mm·min^-1	田间持水量/%
CK	1.52±0.02a	42.55±0.66b	0.60±0.05a	12.84±0.41b
B1	1.39±0.02ab	47.49±0.57a	0.31±0.03b	12.59±0.43a
B2	1.43±0.03ab	45.92±1.21ab	0.29±0.07b	12.16±0.20b
B3	1.35±0.04b	48.98±1.63a	0.26±0.00c	15.18±0.31a
B4	1.37±0.07b	48.19±2.27a	0.16±0.04d	15.31±0.35a
CK	1.52±0.02a	42.55±0.66b	0.60±0.05a	12.84±0.41c
BF1	1.50±0.04a	43.43±1.39b	0.27±0.02b	13.24±0.47bc
BF2	1.34±0.03b	49.62±0.95a	0.12±0.01b	14.48±0.94ab
BF3	1.30±0.03b	50.81±1.20a	0.16±0.00b	14.66±0.81a
BF4	1.36±0.06b	48.72±2.17a	0.18±0.06c	15.11±0.20aA
CK	1.52±0.02a	42.55±0.66c	0.60±0.05a	12.82±0.41c
BA1	1.51±0.01ab	42.88±0.26bc	0.27±0.02b	13.98±0.09bc
BA2	1.40±0.02bc	47.17±0.74ab	0.12±0.01d	14.41±0.61bc
BA3	1.45±0.01cd	45.43±0.22abc	0.16±0.00cd	16.01±0.89b
BA4	1.34±0.04d	49.92±1.60a	0.18±0.06c	16.15±0.58a
CK	1.52±0.02a	42.55±0.66c	0.60±0.05a	12.82±0.41c
BFA1	1.46±0.01ab	44.77±0.44c	0.27±0.03b	17.23±0.63a
BFA2	1.38±0.02cd	47.98±1.66ab	0.19±0.06c	16.40±0.13b
BFA3	1.44±0.01b	45.85±0.70bc	0.15±0.0 4c	17.51±0.77a
BFA4	1.33±0.04d	49.79±0.97a	0.14±0.02c	16.70±0.51b

Effect of bentonite on physical and chemical properties of aeolian sandy soil and growth of Sorghum sudanense

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处理	膨润土质量分数/%	有机肥质量分数/%	腐殖酸质量分数/%
CK	-	-	-
B1	0.5	-	-
B2	1.0	-	-
B3	1.5	-	-
B4	2.0	-	-
BF1	0.5	1.0	-
BF2	1.0	1.0	-
BF3	1.5	1.0	-
BF4	2.0	1.0	-
BA1	0.5	-	0.5
BA2	1.0	-	0.5
BA3	1.5	-	0.5
BA4	2.0	-	0.5
BFA1	0.5	1.0	0.5
BFA2	1.0	1.0	0.5
BFA3	1.5	1.0	0.5
BFA4	2.0	1.0	0.5