“核心-潜力”双源驱动下的河西地区生态安全格局与优化

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.642

Abstract

Abstract:

The Hexi region is a typical, ecologically fragile zone in China’s arid northwest. The ecological security of this region is vital to regional and national ecological defense systems. To address increasing ecological challenges and ensure regional ecological security, this study proposes an integrated ecological security framework for the Hexi region that follows a stepwise approach: “current status assessment—problem diagnosis—source (patch) restoration—regional planning”. For status identification, this paper utilized land use data from 2000, 2010, 2020, and 2022, and employed morphological spatial pattern analysis to identify ecological source areas. These data were combined with four-phase habitat quality data, nature reserve analysis, and landscape connectivity analysis to identify stable core and high-potential ecological source areas. Subsequently, an ecological resistance surface was constructed using a composite index method. Then, circuit theory was applied to extract ecological corridors and key nodes. For problem diagnosis, this study addressed prominent ecological issues in the Hexi region through the examination of six key indicators: Water conservation, soil salinization, normalized vegetation index, soil retention capacity, land desertification, and windbreak sand fixation. Using a natural breakpoint method, the severity of each issue was graded, with spatial quantification focused on the most critical levels (third, fourth, and fifth levels). The priority remediation areas were precisely identified, providing a basis for subsequent ecological governance. Regarding source area (patch) restoration, this study addressed ecological source fragmentation by categorizing core and high-potential ecological habitats into conservation zones and restoration zones based on their clustering characteristics. This enabled the precise, localized deployment of conservation and restoration actions. For regional planning, this study systematically integrated ecological source areas, corridors, pinch points, barriers, and protection-restoration zones, highlighting both disturbance resistance and network connectivity to formulate a “four zones and three belts” ecological security pattern. Finally, practical ecological protection and restoration measures were proposed based on the distribution of ecological issues in the Hexi region. Several key findings were identified. (1) The Hexi region contains 14 core ecological sources, covering 11941.29 km² (4.82% of the region’s area), and mainly comprised grasslands in the Qilian Mountains; 40 core ecological corridors, 19 ecological pinch points, and 33 ecological barrier points were identified. (2) There were 19 high-potential ecological source areas covering 25259.22 km² (10.20% of the region’s area), connected by 55 high-potential ecological corridors, 21 ecological pinch points, and 36 ecological barrier points. (3) Restoration zones in Minqin County, Jinchuan District, Dunhuang City, and Jinta County face the most numerous and severe ecological challenges, necessitating greater intensity of all ecological remediation measures. (4) The closure rate, line-point ratio, and connectivity index of the optimized ecological security network were improved by 41.79%, 24.17%, and 23.08%, respectively, indicating enhanced ecological connectivity and a more stable ecological security network. (5) By integrating regional characteristics and policy implementation feasibility, a “four zones and three belts” ecological security framework was established. Overall, our study provides a scientific foundation and practical reference for ecological security research in arid regions.

Key words: Hexi region, MSPA model, ecological source areas, ecological security pattern, network optimisation

MA Huifang, WANG E, WANG Yanli, SUN Zhuona, ZHAO Runfang, ZHANG Jun. Ecological security pattern and optimization in the Hexi region under a “core-potential” dual-source framework[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(10): 2054-2064.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 38

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数据	年份	分辨率/m	来源
土壤保持/t·km^-2	2020	1000	https://www.scidb.cn/
水源涵养/mm	2020	30	https://www.scidb.cn/
防风固沙/kg·m^-2	2020	30	https://www.scidb.cn/
土地沙化	2020	90	https://gis5g.com/home
土地利用	2000、2010、2020、2022	1000	https://gis5g.com/home
归一化植被指数	2020	1000	https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/
河流数据	2020	-	https://www.openstreet-map.org/
道路数据	2020	-	https://www.openstreet-map.org/
MOD09A1	2020年8月	500	https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/archive/

阻力因子	生态扩张阻力分值					权重
阻力因子	1级	2级	3级	4级	5级	权重
土地利用	林地、水域	草地	耕地	未利用地	建设用地	0.32
归一化植被指数	0.8~1.0	0.6~0.8	0.4~0.6	0.2~0.4	0.0~0.2	0.18
高程/m	<1610	1610~2284	2284~3079	3079~3884	>3884	0.15
坡度/(°)	0~3	3~8	8~15	15~25	>25	0.10
距道路距离/m	>2000	1500~2000	1000~1500	500~1000	<500	0.09
距水域距离/m	<1000	1000~2000	2000~3000	3000~4000	>4000	0.16

源地类型	斑块编号	dLCP	dIIC	dPC	斑块编号	dLCP	dIIC	dPC	斑块编号	dLCP	dIIC	dPC
核心生态源地	1	1.461	0.821	1.278	6	0.035	0.032	1.274	11	0.723	0.415	0.645
	2	98.455	98.939	98.435	7	5.690	1.782	3.920	12	11.989	7.089	10.674
	3	0.498	0.190	0.395	8	9.619	3.260	2.966	13	0.019	0.013	0.506
	4	3.105	1.659	2.520	9	10.142	3.545	0.624	14	0.289	0.088	0.206
	5	0.206	0.114	0.191	10	0.339	0.195	0.330
高潜力生态源地	A1	0.759	0.510	0.680	A8	0.177	0.121	0.146	A15	0.103	0.069	0.094
	A2	83.165	82.238	78.505	A9	39.194	34.326	40.341	A16	11.241	5.998	9.178
	A3	13.519	7.259	10.937	A10	0.963	0.649	0.863	A17	0.584	0.456	1.528
	A4	7.384	3.722	5.868	A11	30.459	15.801	10.790	A18	0.013	0.008	0.184
	A5	1.800	1.251	1.489	A12	0.265	0.409	7.063	A19	0.010	0.006	0.112
	A6	1.214	0.826	1.158	A13	1.979	1.335	1.914
	A7	0.662	0.455	0.633	A14	0.176	0.118	0.180

源地类型	林地		草地		水域		生态源地
源地类型	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	个数
核心生态源地	4031	33.99	7677	64.74	105	0.89	11941.29	4.82	14
高潜力生态源地	5547	22.09	16394	65.30	259	1.03	25259.22	10.20	19

生态网络	生态廊道	廊道总长/km	生态夹点	闭合度指数（α）	线点率指数（β）	连接度指数（γ）	成本比（R）
核心网络（优化前）	40	4456.31	19	0.67	2.11	0.78	0.99
高潜网络（优化后）	55	3574.71	21	0.95	2.62	0.96	0.98

Ecological security pattern and optimization in the Hexi region under a “core-potential” dual-source framework

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