基于生态安全格局确定县域生物多样性保护的优先区域——以布尔津县为例

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Determining priority areas for county biodiversity conservation based on ecological security pattern: A case study of Burqin County

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doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.354

Abstract:

Ecological security is fundamental to human well-being and long-term sustainability. However, the ongoing degradation of biological habitats has intensified ecological challenges, highlighting the urgent need for effective biodiversity conservation strategies. This study examines Burqin County in Xinjiang, China, to develop an ecological security framework by analyzing habitat quality dynamics and identifying priority conservation areas. Using the InVEST and PLUS models, we evaluated the spatiotemporal evolution of habitat quality from 2000 to 2030 and mapped ecological source areas. Circuit theory was applied to delineate ecological corridors, ecological pinch points, and key biodiversity conservation zones. Based on optimal corridor widths and conservation priorities, differentiated protection strategies were proposed. The key findings are as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2020, habitat quality in Burqin County remained at a moderate level, with an average habitat quality index of 0.4978. The trend initially showed a decline, followed by slight recovery, while projections indicate a continuous improvement in habitat quality from 2020 to 2030. (2) The study identified 1059.83 km² of ecological source areas, 684.26 km² of construction source areas, 69 ecological corridors, and 42 ecological pinch points. Resistance thresholds during source area expansion were used to partition the region into distinct ecological protection zones with prioritized conservation levels. These results were cross-validated with data from Xinjiang’s significant ecological protection areas. (3) Zone-specific ecological corridor widths were determined by considering the spatial distribution of wildlife species, ensuring accurate delineation of their extents.

Key words: habitat quality, ecological corridors, ecological security pattern, ecological reserve, differentiated protection strategy

YAN Xiaomei, WANG Hongwei, LUO Kui, DONG Kangning, GUO Ruijie, ZHENG Xudong. Determining priority areas for county biodiversity conservation based on ecological security pattern: A case study of Burqin County[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(4): 586-598.

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威胁源	最大影响距离/km	权重	衰退方式
耕地	7	0.8	线性
城镇用地	8	1.0	指数
农村居民点	8	1.0	指数
其他建设用地	6	0.7	指数
未利用地	5	0.6	线性

地类名称	生境得分值	耕地	城镇用地	农村居民点	其他建设用地	未利用地
水浇地	0.3	0.0	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.4
有林地	1.0	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.6
灌木林	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6
疏林地	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.5
高覆盖度草地	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
中覆盖度草地	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3
低覆盖度草地	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
湖泊	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
水库坑塘	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.5
永久性冰川雪地	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
滩地	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4
沙地	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.0
戈壁	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.0
沼泽地	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.0
裸土地	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.0

生态扩张阻力分值	建设扩张阻力分值	土地利用类型	生境质量	高程/m	坡度/(°)	距水域距离/m	距建设用地距离/m
1	5	水域、林地	>0.8	3551~4330	56.34~70.42	<500	>1100
2	4	草地	0.6~0.8	2772~3551	42.25~56.34	500~1000	800~1100
3	3	未利用地	0.4~0.6	1993~2772	28.17~42.25	1000~1500	500~800
4	2	耕地	0.2~0.4	1214~1993	14.08~28.17	1500~2000	200~500
5	1	建设用地	<0.2	435~1214	0.00~14.08	>2000	<200
权重		0.285	0.172	0.169	0.145	0.124	0.105

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