建成环境视角下兰州城市空间结构特征研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.160

Abstract

Abstract:

The synergistic development of urban space and the built environment is essential for achieving sustainable urban development. This study examines Lanzhou, a river valley city, by constructing a community built environment quality evaluation index system using multi-source data to analyze its urban spatial structure and influencing factors. Key findings include: (1) From the perspective of the built environment, Lanzhou’s urban space exhibits an east-west axial, belt-like “core-periphery” structure, characterized by a spatial distribution pattern combining multiple centers with a fan-shaped expansion area dominated by the axial belt. (2) Regression analysis indicates that land price, mean elevation, distance from communities to the district administrative center, and distance to transportation stations significantly influence the urban spatial structure, while distance to subway stations, community road network density, land use type, public space availability, and population size have secondary impacts. (3) The influence of land price and land use type on the urban spatial structure has steadily increased. These findings offer theoretical and practical insights for optimizing urban spatial configurations in river valley cities and promoting high-quality urban development.

Key words: urban spatial structure, community built environment quality, influencing factors, Lanzhou City

CHEN Long, ZHANG Zhibin, WANG Xiaoqi, ZHAO Xuewei, DONG Jianhong. Urban spatial structure characteristics of Lanzhou from the perspective of construction environment[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(12): 2260-2270.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 30

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准则层	要素层权重	指标层	权重	数据来源
环境宜居	居住条件	建筑时间/a	0.031	安居客网站
		建筑结构	0.025	安居客网站
		建筑密度/%	0.023	百度地图
		建筑平均高度/%	0.019	百度地图
		房价/元·m^-2	0.053	安居客网站
		停车位/个	0.048	房天下
	环境质量	社区蓝绿空间面积/m²	0.043	地理空间数据云
		空气质量指数	0.041	环境监测数据
		地表温度/(°)	0.023	地理空间数据云
		下垫面不透水面/m²	0.016	地理空间数据云
生活便利	交通设施	地铁站和公交站/个	0.067	高德POI
	交通设施	道路通达性（用道路交叉口数量表征）/m·m^-2	0.028	OpenStreetMap
	教育设施	幼儿园、小学、中学、课外培训机构/座	0.065	高德POI
	生活服务设施	银行、综合超市、购物中心、理发店、农贸市场、日常饭店/家	0.061	高德POI
		一级医院、二级医院、三级医院、疗养院、妇幼保健所、社区卫生站/家	0.058	高德POI
		健身房、体育场所/个	0.037	高德POI
社会稳定	社区安全	消防站/个	0.031	高德POI
		社区警务室/个	0.055	高德POI
		派出所/处	0.058	高德POI
	应急避难	避难点/处	0.047	高德POI
	应急避难	运动场地/座	0.045	高德POI
精神富足	社交空间	休闲餐饮(咖啡馆、酒吧、茶座)/个	0.040	高德POI
	社交空间	公园广场/个	0.033	高德POI
	文化休闲	图书馆、博物馆/座	0.031	高德POI
	文化休闲	娱乐场所（电影院、KTV等）/个	0.022	高德POI

影响因子	单位	数据获得途径	定义与解释	分级
社区到区行政中心的距离（x₁）	m	ArcGIS距离工具	到最近区行政中心的距离（取对数）	9
社区到地铁站的距离（x₂）	m	ArcGIS距离工具	到最近地铁站的距离（取对数）	8
社区到车站的距离（x₃）	m	ArcGIS距离工具	到最近公交车站、汽车站、火车站和高铁站的距离（取对数）	9
社区道路网密度（x₄）	m·m^-2	OpenStreetMap	路网密度（取对数）	8
社区到黄河的距离（x₅）	m	ArcGIS距离工具	到最近黄河的距离（取对数）	6
平均高程（x₆）	m	ArcGIS栅格统计	平均高程值（取对数）	7
人口数量（x₇）	10⁴人	第七次人口普查数据	社区人口数量：（P_i/PS_j）×街道人口（取对数）	6
土地价格（x₈）	元·m^-2	2020年兰州市商业基准地价	设定基准地价分七级，其中一级代表最高地价并赋值为7	7
用地类型（x₉）	类	第五版兰州市国土空间规划现状图	用地面积≥1/2的类型确定为该社区用地属性，否则为混合用地	6
公共空间（x₁₀）	m²	第五版兰州市国土空间规划现状图	社区内公园与绿地等面积占社区面积的比例	6

因子	未标准化系数		标准化系数	t	P	VIF
因子	B	标准错误	Beta	t	P	VIF
常量	1.681	0.594	-	1.995	0.009^**	-
x₁	-0.031	0.051	-0.044	-0.614	0.484	1.484
x₂	0.045	0.061	0.074	0.741	0.494	2.775
x₃	-0.032	0.049	-0.045	-0.511	0.614	2.813
x₄	0.140	0.043	0.224	3.029	0.005^***	1.414
x₅	0.105	0.052	0.139	1.712	0.070^*	1.514
x₆	0.032	0.068	0.025	0.434	0.781	1.041
x₇	0.117	0.086	0.176	2.491	0.021^**	1.447
x₈	0.243	0.089	0.265	3.457	0.001^***	1.579
x₉	0.005	0.051	0.011	0.181	1.104	1.371
x₁₀	-0.065	0.062	-0.074	-1.042	0.417	1.910

因子	OLS	QR-10	QR-25	QR-50	QR-75	QR-90
x₁	0.498 （0.475）	0.482 （0.031）	0.816 （0.039）	0.801 （0.024）	0.596 （0.027）	0.586 （0.094）
x₂	0.452 （0.808）	0.401 （0.013）	0.235 （0.025）	0.694 （0.077）	0.304 （0.125）	0.556 （0.033）
x₃	0.613 （-0.507）	0.402 （0.053）	0.341 （0.030）	0.421 （0.029）	0.315 （-0.056）	0.094^* （-0.132）
x₄	0.303^*** （3.089）	0.271 （0.091）	0.396^** （0.202）	0.590^** （0.306）	0.478^** （0.140）	0.291^*** （0.321）
x₅	0.109^* （1.124）	0.053^*** （0.144）	0.045 （0.118^*）	0.127^*** （0.115）	-0.441 （0.160）	-0.526 （0.020）
x₆	0.811 （0.402）	0.218 （0.134）	0.203 （0.039）	0.229 （0.009）	0.249 （-0.237）	0.130 （0.054）
x₇	0.297^* （0.736）	0.436 （0.102）	0.333^* （0.167）	0.592^*** （0.334）	0.501 （0.094）	0.182 （0.021）
x₈	0.494^*** （2.104）	0.740^*** （1.108）	0.671^*** （0.992）	0.538^*** （0.886）	0.794^*** （0.512）	0.820^** （0.567）
x₉	0.157 （0.782）	0.119 （0.142）	0.419 （0.005）	0.494 （0.062）	0.611 （0.154）	0.653 （0.139）
x₁₀	0.365 （0.892）	0.550 （0.059）	0.272 （0.010）	0.381 （0.059）	0.199 （0.054）	0.124 （0.208）
常数	0.010^** （1.995）	0.001 （0.789）	0.199 （1.108）	0.281 （0.883）	0.001 （2.894^***）	0.001 （3.757^***）

Urban spatial structure characteristics of Lanzhou from the perspective of construction environment

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