近20 a内蒙古高原城乡开发建设对生态系统生产力的影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.442

Abstract

Abstract:

The monitoring of human urban and rural construction activities in the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China and the scientific assessment of their impact on regional ecosystem productivity have important scientific and practical significance for the construction of the national northern ecological barrier. Based on satellite images, land use data, meteorological observation data, and auxiliary information, this study assessed the impacts of the expansion and speed of urban and rural construction on the ecosystem productivity in the Inner Mongolia Plateau from 2000 to 2020 using dynamic attitude analysis and neighborhood substitution methods. The results show that: (1) The area of urban and rural construction land (URCL) in 2020 was 18206.49 km², accounting for 1.46% of the total area of the Inner Mongolia Plateau. (2) In the past 20 years, the area of URCL expansion was 7462.99 km², of which 59.76% came from the expansion of industrial land. URCL mainly occupied natural and cultivated ecosystems, in which urban land and rural residential land mostly occupied cultivated ecosystems, while industrial land mainly occupied grassland and desert ecosystems. (3) From 2000 to 2020, the total loss of net primary productivity (NPP) caused by human urban and rural construction activities reached 143.51×10⁴ tC in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Industrial land activity is the main cause of NPP loss of natural ecosystems and increased from 60.72% in 2000—2010 to 73.91% in 2010—2020. Compared to 2000—2010, the NPP loss was alleviated in the cropland ecosystem but intensified in the grassland ecosystem in 2010—2020. (4) The NPP loss of Mu Us Sandy Land, Hulunbuir Sandy Land, Otindag Sandy Land, and Horqin Sandy Land were mainly caused by industrial land expansion. However, due to the impact of urban greening, the NPP of the ecosystem around the city increased slightly. The urban population, gross domestic product (GDP), and related policies led to the continuous expansion of URCL, which has a certain impact on ecosystem NPP. This study has an important reference value for urban and rural construction and ecological civilization construction, and ecological protection in the Inner Mongolia Plateau.

Key words: urban and rural construction, ecosystem, NPP loss, Inner Mongolia Plateau

SA Rigai, BAO Yuhai, DOU Yinyin, DONG Yulin, PAN Tao, KUANG Wenhui. Impacts of urban and rural construction on ecosystem productivity in Inner Mongolia Plateau from 2000 to 2020[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(6): 922-933.

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数据类型	子类型	空间分辨率	年份	来源
土地利用/覆盖数据	-	30 m	2000、2010、2020	http://www.igsnrr.ac.cn/
EVI数据	-	250 m	2000—2020	https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov/search
NPP数据	-	500 m	2000—2021	http://www.igsnrr.ac.cn/
气象数据	降水量和气温	1 km	2000—2020	http://data.tpdc.ac.cn
辅助数据	人口	1 km	2000、2010、2020	https://hub.worldpop.org/
	GDP	1 km	2000、2010、2020	https://www.resdc.cn/
	DEM	30 m	2020	http://www.gscloud.cn/
	草地植被类型	-	1980	https://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx
	沙地边界	-	2020	https://item.jd.com/10052112547420.html
	行政区划	1:1000000	2020	http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/

城乡开发建设用地类型	影响类型	农田	典型草原	荒漠草原	草甸草原	荒漠	森林	其他
城市用地	占用	932.82	102.76	23.76	44.40	14.13	22.82	48.96
		(12.50%)	(1.38%)	(0.32%)	(0.60%)	(0.19%)	(0.30%)	(0.65%)
	干扰	1173.88	141.39	57.45	114.65	71.63	92.70	126.27
		(10.23%)	(1.23%)	(0.50%)	(1.00%)	(0.62%)	(0.81%)	(1.10%)
工矿用地	占用	751.60	845.54	582.88	193.87	869.19	206.43	329.73
		(10.07%)	(11.33%)	(7.81%)	(2.60%)	(11.65%)	(2.77%)	(4.42%)
	干扰	1121.73	1286.86	832.25	355.37	1101.37	387.12	621.23
		(9.78%)	(11.22%)	(7.25%)	(3.10%)	(9.60%)	(3.37%)	(5.41%)
农村居民点	占用	1675.64	223.03	97.36	138.04	98.89	124.13	137.01
		(22.46%)	(2.99%)	((1.28%)	(1.85%)	(1.33%)	(1.66%)	(1.84%)
	干扰	2276.39	377.28	234.05	252.04	266.77	235.44	348.20
		(19.84%)	(3.29%)	(2.04%)	(2.20%)	(2.33%)	(2.05%)	(3.03%)

Impacts of urban and rural construction on ecosystem productivity in Inner Mongolia Plateau from 2000 to 2020

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