基于实际调查与观测解译对比验证的土地沙漠化敏感性评价——以陕西省为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.091

Abstract

Abstract:

Comparing the actual ecological sensitivity surveys with observed interpretation results for verification and correction is of great theoretical and practical importance to improve the accuracy and scientific rigor of ecological sensitivity evaluations. Herein, we focus on evaluating land desertification sensitivity in Shaanxi Province using indices constructed from remote sensing interpretation and climate observation data. The goal is to verify sensitivity evaluation results with the actual results of the Fifth Desertification and Sandification Survey in Shaanxi Province, analyze any differences, and ultimately refine the land desertification sensitivity results. The key findings are as follows: (1) The observation and interpretation results show notable spatial differences in land desertification sensitivity across Shaanxi Province. Particularly, the extremely sensitive areas are concentrated in Yulin, Yan’an, and Weinan cities in Shaanxi Province. (2) Actual survey results from the Fifth Desertification and Sandification Survey reveal that land sandification is primarily distributed in the northern regions of Yulin City along the Great Wall. (3) The difference characteristics show that 92.5% of the actual survey results of land sanding areas and land sanding sensitivity evaluation results exhibit spatial overlap. However, when assessing extremely sensitive land sandification areas and land sandification areas having spatial overlap between them, the overlap drops to 71.8%. (4) Various factors contribute to these discrepancies, including data source, model construction, and indicator assignment errors. (5) After addressing these discrepancies, the revised sensitivity evaluation of land desertification in Shaanxi Province shows that extremely sensitive areas are primarily located in Yulin City, northern Yan’an City, and Dali County in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province. The revised evaluation expands the area of extremely sensitive land desertification by 110.41 km² compared to the observation and interpretation-based sensitivity evaluation of land desertification.

Key words: ecosystem sensitivity, land desertification, sensitivity evaluation, comparison and verification, Shaanxi Province

CHEN Xieyang, LI Tongsheng, ZHU Xiaoqing, XU Bo, ZHU Bingchen, LI Julin. Evaluation of land desertification sensitivity based on comparison and verification of actual investigation and observation interpretation: A case of Shaanxi Province[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(11): 1813-1825.

Figures/Tables 13

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数据类型	数据说明	数据来源	时间分辨率	空间分辨率/km
降水量	陕西省逐年年降水量空间插值数据集（1990—2020年）	陕西省气象站点数据（http://sn.cma.gov.cn/）	d	1
蒸散发量	陕西省逐年年均蒸散发量空间插值数据集（1990—2020年）	陕西省气象站点数据（http://sn.cma.gov.cn/）	d	1
数字高程模型（DEM）	陕西省DEM数据（2020年）	地理国情监测云平台（http://www.dsac.cn/）	-	1
风速	陕西省起沙风日数数据（1990—2020年）	陕西省气象站点数据（http://sn.cma.gov.cn/）	d	-
植被净初级生产力（NPP）	陕西省逐年年植被初级生产力空间插值数据集（2001—2020年）	陕西省气象站点数据（http://sn.cma.gov.cn/）	d	1
气温	陕西省逐年年均气温空间插值数据集（1990—2020年）	陕西省气象站点数据（http://sn.cma.gov.cn/）	d	1
土地利用	陕西省土地利用数据（2020年）	地理国情监测云平台（http://www.dsac.cn/）	a	1
地形坡度	陕西省DEM数据生成（2020年）	地理国情监测云平台（http://www.dsac.cn/）	-	1
植被覆盖	陕西省ModisNDVI数据（2019年）	陕西省林业数据库（http://lyj.shaanxi.gov.cn/）	月	-
生态系统类型	陕西省地理国情监测数据地表覆盖分类图层（2019年）	地理国情监测云平台（http://www.dsac.cn/）	a	1
土壤质地	陕西省第二次土壤普查数据集（1979—1990年）	地球系统科学数据共享平台（http://soil.geodata.cn）	a	1

评价因子	极敏感	敏感	一般敏感
干燥度指数	≥16.0	1.5~16.0	<1.5
起沙风天数/d	≥30.0	10.0~20.0	<10.0
土壤质地/mm	砂质	壤质、砾质	黏质、基岩
植被覆盖度/%	<0.2	0.2~0.6	≥0.6

区域	一般敏感		敏感		极敏感
区域	面积/km²	比例/%	面积/km²	比例/%	面积/km²	比例/%
西安市	10016.0	99.1	90.0	0.9	0.0	0.0
铜川市	3792.0	97.7	89.0	2.3	0.0	0.0
宝鸡市	17567.8	96.7	594.2	3.3	0.0	0.0
咸阳市	9874.7	96.0	408.3	4.0	0.0	0.0
渭南市	11527.5	88.4	1479.3	11.4	26.3	0.2
延安市	32304.6	87.2	4139.8	11.2	587.7	1.6
汉中市	27093.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
榆林市	4180.3	9.7	21369	49.8	17382.7	40.5
安康市	23535.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
商洛市	19581.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
陕西省	160591.3	78.1	27149.7	13.2	17883.3	8.7

区域	沙漠化区域		未沙漠化区域
区域	面积/km²	比例/%	面积/km²	比例/%
西安市	0.0	0.0	10106.0	100.0
铜川市	0.0	0.0	3881.0	100.0
宝鸡市	0.0	0.0	18162.0	100.0
咸阳市	0.0	0.0	10283.0	100.0
渭南市	0.0	0.0	13033.0	100.0
延安市	0.0	0.0	37032.0	100.0
汉中市	0.0	0.0	27093.0	100.0
榆林市	411.8	9.6	43166.2	90.4
安康市	0.0	0.0	23535.0	100.0
商洛市	0.0	0.0	19581.0	100.0
陕西省	411.8	0.3	205188.2	99.7

编号	林地		草地		耕地		荒地		建设用地
编号	面积/m²	权重/%	面积/m²	权重/%	面积/m²	权重/%	面积/m²	权重/%	面积/m²	权重/%
1	825000	29	2575000	11	707500	10	600000	18	415000	15
2	542500	19	2032500	8	447500	6	340000	10	362500	13
3	315000	11	1867500	8	445000	6	302500	9	272500	10
4	157500	6	1787500	7	440000	6	287500	8	235000	9
5	147500	5	1730000	7	440000	6	230000	7	217500	8
6	125000	4	1600000	7	435000	6	202500	6	207500	8
7	122500	4	1432500	6	422500	6	202500	6	162500	6
8	102500	4	1275000	5	400000	6	185000	5	160000	6
9	70000	2	1252500	5	387500	6	155000	5	95000	4
10	50000	2	1205000	5	332500	5	155000	5	80000	3
11	47500	2	1110000	5	330000	5	150000	4	80000	3
12	45000	2	925000	4	290000	4	120000	4	77500	3
13	45000	2	905000	4	272500	4	90000	3	77500	3
14	35000	1	725000	3	235000	3	82500	2	57500	2
15	32500	1	722500	3	232500	3	72500	2	45000	2
16	32500	1	715000	3	232500	3	65000	2	35000	1
17	32500	1	702500	3	227500	3	52500	2	35000	1
18	32500	1	647500	3	207500	3	52500	2	25000	1
19	32500	1	592500	2	205000	3	45000	1	25000	1
20	30000	1	592500	2	195000	3	37500	1	22500	1

Evaluation of land desertification sensitivity based on comparison and verification of actual investigation and observation interpretation: A case of Shaanxi Province

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