塔里木河干流生态系统变化与生态效益分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2023.254

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, remote sensing ecological indices such as vegetation coverage, remote sensing ecological index, and human disturbance index were extracted from 1990 to 2020 to reflect the evolution trend of ecological status before and after the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project of Tarim River. Taking remote sensing ecological indices as driving factors, an improved ecosystem service value calculation algorithm was proposed to quantify the ecosystem service value of provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural functions and to analyze the dynamic evolution relationships between trade-offs and synergistic effects among the functions. Cumulative ecological benefits from 1990 to 2020 were estimated. The results showed that the ecological condition of approximately 1/3 of the mainstream of the Tarim River had improved because of the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project. The proportion of lower, medium, higher, and high vegetation coverage increased by 17%, 5%, 2%, and 2.9%, respectively. The results of the ecosystem service value calculation showed that the ecosystem service value of the upstream increased and then stabilized, whereas that of the midstream and downstream increased, decreased, and then increased again, indicating a period of lag in the midstream and downstream in response to the ecological water conveyance and was significantly affected by the amount of incoming water. There was a synergistic effect between the regulating and supporting functions and a trade-off effect between the provisioning function and the regulating and supporting functions. Cumulative ecological benefits after 2010 followed the “marginal benefit decreasing law”. Accordingly, for ecological restoration, the annual runoff should not exceed 42.5×10⁸ m³ upstream, 21.5×10⁸ m³ midstream, and 3.5×10⁸ m³ downstream. This study can provide scientific guidance for optimizing the allocation of ecological water quantity.

Key words: ecological water conveyance project, ecosystem service, ecological benefits, Tarim River

HU Ruiyuan, CHANG Jianxia, GUO Aijun, WANG Yimin. Ecosystem variation and ecological benefits analysis of the mainstream of Tarim River[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(4): 622-633.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 31

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驱动因子	权重	分级	生态系统服务功能
			调节			支持			供给		文化
			大气调节	气候调控	水源涵养	废物处理	水土保持	生物多样性维持	食物供给	原材料供给	娱乐和文化
植被覆盖度	0.364	0.0~0.1	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.10
		0.1~0.3	0.35	0.35	0.25	0.40	0.40	0.20	0.25	0.40	0.30
		0.3~0.5	0.60	0.60	0.55	0.60	0.60	0.50	0.50	0.60	0.55
		0.5~0.7	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.80	0.80	0.85	0.75	0.80	0.80
		0.7~1.0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
人类干扰指数	0.332	0.0~0.1	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05
		0.1~0.2	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.50	1.00	1.00
		0.2~0.3	0.85	0.85	0.90	0.75	0.80	0.85	0.75	0.55	0.50
		0.3~0.4	0.65	0.65	0.55	0.80	0.75	0.65	0.85	0.60	0.25
		0.4~1.0	0.40	0.40	0.25	0.75	0.70	0.45	1.00	0.45	0.10
遥感生态指数	0.304	0.0~0.2	0.10	0.10	0.05	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.05	0.05	0.10
		0.2~0.4	0.35	0.35	0.20	0.20	0.30	0.30	0.25	0.25	0.25
		0.4~0.6	0.60	0.60	0.50	0.40	0.60	0.60	0.55	0.55	0.50
		0.6~0.8	0.85	0.85	0.80	0.60	0.90	0.90	0.90	0.90	0.75
		0.8~1.0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00

Ecosystem variation and ecological benefits analysis of the mainstream of Tarim River

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