宁夏乡村旅游重点村空间格局与影响因素分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.731

干旱区地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 1957-1969.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.731

宁夏乡村旅游重点村空间格局与影响因素分析

宋小龙¹(), 马明德²(), 李陇堂³, 米文宝³, 王鹏³, 吴月⁴, 任婕⁵

1.宁夏财经职业技术学院，宁夏银川 750021
2.北方民族大学管理学院，宁夏银川 750030
3.宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院，宁夏银川 750021
4.宁夏社会科学院农村经济研究所，宁夏银川 750021
5.宁夏社会科学院文化研究所，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2023-12-27 修回日期:2024-03-02 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-12-03
通讯作者: 马明德（1979-），男，博士，副编审，主要从事人口、资源、环境与可持续发展研究. E-mail: mmd311@163.com
作者简介:宋小龙（1991-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事干旱半干旱地区生态环境、旅游资源开发与区域可持续发展研究. E-mail: sxlnxyc@163.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03191)

Spatial pattern and influencing factors of key rural tourism villages in Ningxia

SONG Xiaolong¹(), MA Mingde²(), LI Longtang³, MI Wenbao³, WANG Peng³, WU Yue⁴, REN Jie⁵

1. Ningxia Vocational and Technical College of Finance and Economics, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
2. School of Management, Northern University for Nationalities, Yinchuan 750030, Ningxia, China
3. School of Geographic Science and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
4. Institute of Rural Economy, Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
5. Institute of Culture, Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences,Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China

Received:2023-12-27 Revised:2024-03-02 Published:2024-11-25 Online:2024-12-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建设乡村旅游重点村是高位推进乡村振兴战略的重要措施，揭示其空间格局与影响因素，能够为提升乡村旅游品质，实现乡村振兴提供科学依据。以宁夏94个自治区级以上乡村旅游重点村为研究对象，基于数字高程模型（DEM）、气象数据、旅游资源、社会经济发展等多源数据，借助ArcGIS软件，集成多种空间分析模型探究了其空间格局与影响因素。结果表明：（1）宁夏乡村旅游重点村落呈集聚型分布，空间分布不均衡，主要集中于偏率为0.71、角度为1.74°的“南-北”两极椭圆形区域内，明显呈北部“一核”成熟增长和南部“一核”雏形发育的“双核”分布特征。（2）宁夏乡村旅游重点村自然地理和人文地理空间差异显著，乡村旅游重点村数量与海拔、坡度呈负相关关系，其土地资源利用方式以耕地为主，且交通以高速公路为主要快速可进入方式，总体上经济发展活跃和人口数量较多的宁夏沿黄城市带和银川平原重点村数量相对较为密集。（3）宁夏乡村旅游重点村是多重因素综合影响的结果，城镇人均收入是主导因素，各因子的交互作用对乡村旅游重点村空间集聚产生影响，地理加权回归模型进一步验证了乡村旅游重点村空间分布格局与自然环境、交通配套、社会经济和资源禀赋有关。

关键词: 乡村旅游重点村, 空间格局, 地理差异, 影响因素, 宁夏

Abstract:

Establishing key villages as the cornerstone of rural tourism is a pivotal strategy for advancing comprehensive rural revitalization at a higher level. Identifying the spatial pattern and influencing factors of these villages can provide a scientific basis for enhancing rural tourism quality and achieving revitalization goals. This study focuses on 94 key rural tourism villages in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, using data from digital elevation models, meteorological data, tourism resources, and socio-economic development indicators. ArcGIS software was employed to integrate various spatial analysis models to explore the spatial patterns and influencing factors of these villages. The results indicate that: (1) The key rural tourism villages in Ningxia exhibit a clustered distribution with significant spatial variability. These villages are predominantly concentrated in an elliptical area with a deviation rate of 0.71 and an angle of 1.74°, forming a “double nucleus” distribution pattern. The northern nucleus shows mature growth, while the southern nucleus is in an embryonic stage of development. (2) There are notable differences in the natural and human geographic spaces among key rural tourism villages in Ningxia. The number of key villages is negatively correlated with altitude and slope. Land resource utilization is primarily focused on agricultural land, and expressways serve as the main mode of rapid and accessible transportation. Generally, key villages are densely distributed in the Ningxia Yellow River Economic Belt and Yinchuan Plain, regions characterized by active economic development and higher population density. (3) The selection of key rural tourism villages in Ningxia results from the combined influence of multiple factors, with per capita urban income identified as the dominant factor. The interaction between these factors influences the spatial agglomeration of the villages. The geographically weighted regression model further confirms that the spatial distribution pattern of key rural tourism villages is associated with the natural environment, transportation infrastructure, socio-economic factors, and resource endowment.

Key words: key rural tourism villages, spatial patterns, geographic differences, influencing factors, Ningxia

宋小龙, 马明德, 李陇堂, 米文宝, 王鹏, 吴月, 任婕. 宁夏乡村旅游重点村空间格局与影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(11): 1957-1969.

SONG Xiaolong, MA Mingde, LI Longtang, MI Wenbao, WANG Peng, WU Yue, REN Jie. Spatial pattern and influencing factors of key rural tourism villages in Ningxia[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(11): 1957-1969.

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类型	维度	变量选取	变量解释	单位
被解释变量	-	乡村旅游重点村集中度（y）	重点村落空间格局	-
解释变量	自然环境	河流距离（x₁）	重点村距黄河距离	m
		海拔高度（x₂）	重点村海拔高度	m
		空气质量（x₃）	重点村PM_2.5浓度	μg·m^-3
		平均气温（x₄）	各县区年平均气温	℃
		降水量（x₅）	各县区年平均降雨量	mm
		坡度（x₆）	地形倾斜程度	°
	交通配套	路网密度（x₇）	各县区内道路总长度/县区面积	km·(100km)^-2
	交通配套	城市距离（x₈）	重点村离所在地级市的距离	m
	社会经济	人口密度（x₉）	各县区人口总量/县区面积	人·km^-2
		地区生产总值（x₁₀）	各县区GDP	10⁸元
		城镇人均收入（x₁₁）	各县区城镇人口收入	元
		农业发展水平（x₁₂）	每平方千米第一产业增加值	km²·(10⁸元)^-1
	资源禀赋	A级景区（x₁₃）	重点村所在县区A级景区数量	个

解释变量	地区生产总值	农业发展水平	人口密度	城镇人均收入	路网密度	A级景区	河流距离	海拔高度	空气质量	降水量	坡度	平均气温	城市距离
地区生产总值	0.281
农业发展水平	0.318^#	0.238
人口密度	0.576^#	0.601^#	0.390
城镇人均收入	0.377	0.452^#	0.531^#	0.416
路网密度	0.323^#	0.760^＊	0.482^#	0.791^＊	0.222
A级景区	0.435^#	0.369^#	0.679^#	0.408	0.551^＊	0.303
河流距离	0.244	0.380^#	0.502^#	0.384	0.299	0.523^#	0.346
海拔高度	0.526^#	0.485^#	0.549^#	0.449^#	0.345^#	0.592^#	0.392	0.290
空气质量	0.271	0.394^#	0.462^#	0.578^#	0.605^＊	0.509^＊	0.337	0.434^#	0.181
降水量	0.105	0.326^#	0.507	0.318	0.338^#	0.402^#	0.409^#	0.400^#	0.263^#	0.262
坡度	0.354^#	0.467^＊	0.487	0.612^＊	0.398^＊	0.538^＊	0.043	0.444^#	0.162	0.433^＊	0.144
平均气温	0.404^#	0.428^#	0.521^#	0.573^#	0.414^#	0.551^＊	0.215	0.444^＊	0.223^#	0.497^＊	0.209	0.206
城市距离	0.236	0.415^#	0.555^#	0.531^#	0.350^#	0.464^#	0.434^#	0.313^#	0.489^＊	0.334^#	0.203	0.218	0.282

宁夏乡村旅游重点村空间格局与影响因素分析

Spatial pattern and influencing factors of key rural tourism villages in Ningxia

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