2001—2024年锡林郭勒盟草原净初级生产力时空特征及对影响因子的响应

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.759

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (9): 1555-1566.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.759 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024759

2001—2024年锡林郭勒盟草原净初级生产力时空特征及对影响因子的响应

张飞¹(), 李建¹(), 李慧融², 谢涛¹, 张雪红¹, 王超¹, 白淑英¹, 宋正姗³

1.南京信息工程大学遥感与测绘工程学院，江苏南京 210000
2.锡林浩特国家气候观测台，内蒙古锡林浩特 026000
3.江苏师范大学地理测绘与城乡规划学院，江苏徐州 221000

收稿日期:2024-12-11 修回日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-09-17
通讯作者: 李建（1987-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事定量遥感和环境遥感应用研究. E-mail: 003233@nuist.edu.cn
作者简介:张飞（1999-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事生态系统碳源碳汇评估研究. E-mail: 202212350010@nuist.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42171346);风云卫星应用先行计划(FY-APP-2024.0303);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20241053);内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202422)

Spatiotemporal characteristics of net primary productivity and its response to influencing factors in Xilin Gol League grassland from 2001 to 2024

ZHANG Fei¹(), LI Jian¹(), LI Huirong², XIE Tao¹, ZHANG Xuehong¹, WANG Chao¹, BAI Shuying¹, SONG Zhengshan³

1. School of Remote Sensing and Surveying Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
2. Xilinhot National Climate Observation Station, Xilinhot 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
3. School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China

Received:2024-12-11 Revised:2025-02-19 Published:2025-09-25 Online:2025-09-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

CO₂减排是当今全球共同关注的热点问题，自然生态系统碳汇的自愿减排（增汇）市场及其运营模式具有非常广阔的发展前景。草地作为重要的自然碳汇之一，受到广泛重视。以锡林郭勒盟为研究区，利用Google Earth Engine平台获取MODIS数据、气象再分析数据与植被覆盖数据，基于CASA模型获取了锡林郭勒盟2001—2024年的植被净初级生产力（NPP）时空动态分布，并综合运用土地利用动态度、偏相关性和贡献指数探究土地覆盖以及气候变化对植被NPP的影响，为该地区实现碳达峰、碳中和目标提供参考。结果表明：（1） 2001—2024年锡林郭勒盟植被NPP呈波动上升趋势，多年平均值为302.86 g C∙m^-2∙a^-1，年均NPP呈现由东北部向西南部递减趋势。（2）锡林郭勒盟的植被NPP主要受土地利用变化和气候变化驱动，受地理因素驱动较小，其中降水对NPP的贡献率达到0.84。（3）随着年份的增长，气候变化对植被NPP的影响逐渐强于土地利用变化，尤其对草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原的贡献率分别达到96.01%、63.97%、93.05%。

关键词: 净初级生产力, 气候变化, 驱动因素, CASA模型, MODIS数据, 锡林郭勒盟

Abstract:

CO₂ emission reduction is a globally shared concern today, and the voluntary carbon offset (or sequestration increase) market for natural ecosystems, along with its operational models, holds immense development potential. As one of the key natural carbon sinks, grasslands have received widespread attention. This study focuses on the Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia of China as the research area, utilizing the Google Earth Engine platform to obtain MODIS data, meteorological reanalysis data, and vegetation coverage data. Based on the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model, the spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland net primary productivity (NPP) from 2001 to 2024 in Xilin Gol League were analyzed. The study investigates the impact of land cover change and climate change on grassland NPP through land use dynamics, partial correlation, and contribution index methods, providing a reference for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals in the region. The results indicate that: (1) From 2001 to 2024, grassland NPP in Xilin Gol League showed a fluctuating upward trend, with a multi-year average of 302.86 g C∙m^-2∙a^-1 The annual NPP distribution displayed a trend of gradual decrease from the northeast to the southwest. (2) The grassland NPP in Xilin Gol League was mainly driven by changes in land use and climate, with a minor influence from geographic factors, with precipitation having the greatest contribution, reaching 0.84. (3) Over the years, the impact of climate change on grassland NPP gradually outweighed that of land use change, especially in meadow steppe, typical steppe, and desert steppe, where contribution values reached 96.01%, 63.97%, and 93.05%, respectively.

Key words: net primary productivity, climate change, influencing factors, CASA model, MODIS data, Xilin Gol League

张飞, 李建, 李慧融, 谢涛, 张雪红, 王超, 白淑英, 宋正姗. 2001—2024年锡林郭勒盟草原净初级生产力时空特征及对影响因子的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(9): 1555-1566.

ZHANG Fei, LI Jian, LI Huirong, XIE Tao, ZHANG Xuehong, WANG Chao, BAI Shuying, SONG Zhengshan. Spatiotemporal characteristics of net primary productivity and its response to influencing factors in Xilin Gol League grassland from 2001 to 2024[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(9): 1555-1566.

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β	Z	趋势类别	趋势特征
β>0	Z>1.96	2	显著增加
β>0	0<Z≤1.96	1	不显著增加
β=0	Z=0	0	稳定不变
β<0	0<Z≤1.96	-1	不显著减少
β<0	Z>1.96	-2	显著减少

土地利用类型	面积/km²
土地利用类型	草甸草原	城镇用地	典型草原	荒漠草原	林地	裸地	农田	水体	总计
草甸草原	15672.9	1003.4	11530.6	49.7	495.7	-	4174.7	190.3	33117.3
城镇用地	471.0	1976.4	1627.3	1987.4	1.4	5.7	106.9	448.8	6624.9
典型草原	18646.4	4768.7	46080.1	6849.3	25.7	8.8	3381.9	180.5	79941.3
荒漠草原	7544.5	3526.1	5067.5	47505.0	9.3	2364.0	11.8	501.7	66529.8
林地	154.7	0.7	8.5	1.0	220.7	-	99.9	3.1	488.4
裸地	19.1	-	5.9	1111.8	-	2139.9	-	6.5	3283.1
农田	2178.7	225.2	4685.8	10.8	14.2	-	2347.5	16.7	9478.8
水体	2.8	99.0	12.4	5.7	14.5	-	44.3	603.6	782.2
总计	44689.9	11599.4	69018.1	57520.6	781.5	4518.4	10166.9	1951	200245.8

土地利用类型	面积/km²
土地利用类型	草甸草原	城镇用地	典型草原	荒漠草原	林地	裸地	农田	水体	总计
草甸草原	14692.3	169.3	20221.4	5803.3	167.5	213.6	2782.8	639.7	44689.8
城镇用地	1065.1	1277.4	4658.8	3468.0	-	13.2	320.7	796.2	11599.4
典型草原	10568.5	784.8	50028.7	3815.6	-	14.7	1821.1	1983.2	69016.6
荒漠草原	369.7	316.0	4230.2	45573.1	0.3	6855.6	22.2	154.2	57521.2
林地	141.5	0.7	30.8	1.5	389.4	-	190.7	27.2	781.8
裸地	2.9	-	24.1	975.5	-	3515.6	-	-	4518.1
农田	3806.0	73.5	1897.8	1.4	146.5	-	3812.3	428.5	10166.0
水体	153.6	95.4	218.8	366.1	15.1	18.9	64.1	1019.1	1951.2
总计	30799.6	2717.0	81310.5	60004.4	718.8	10631.5	9014.0	5048.2	200244.0

土地利用类型	NPP均值/g C∙m^-2∙a^-1			NPP变化值/g C∙m^-2∙a^-1
土地利用类型	2001年	2010年	2020年	2001—2010年	2010—2020年
草甸草原	540.35	417.33	582.08	-123.02	164.75
典型草原	261.50	296.74	367.50	35.24	70.76
荒漠草原	111.67	135.84	178.05	24.17	42.21
其他用地	242.67	277.46	315.44	34.79	37.98

土地利用类型	影响因素	2001— 2010年	2010— 2020年	2001— 2024年
草甸草原	气候变化	26.35	37.46	96.01
草甸草原	土地利用变化	64.44	50.88	2.89
典型草原	气候变化	33.00	10.74	63.97
典型草原	土地利用变化	62.48	87.34	26.40
荒漠草原	气候变化	58.00	76.79	93.05
荒漠草原	土地利用变化	33.45	19.89	4.61
水体	气候变化	23.22	18.84	25.20
水体	土地利用变化	42.05	51.13	18.62
林地	气候变化	23.13	76.17	22.40
林地	土地利用变化	62.97	19.89	72.83
农田	气候变化	33.30	55.36	21.19
农田	土地利用变化	64.26	38.34	59.44
城镇用地	气候变化	22.28	74.21	40.51
城镇用地	土地利用变化	60.97	40.31	31.68
裸地	气候变化	36.07	10.80	9.46
裸地	土地利用变化	50.35	74.57	67.14

2001—2024年锡林郭勒盟草原净初级生产力时空特征及对影响因子的响应

Spatiotemporal characteristics of net primary productivity and its response to influencing factors in Xilin Gol League grassland from 2001 to 2024

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