宁夏县域共同富裕水平时空分异格局及驱动因素研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.443

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 逐步实现共同富裕是中国式现代化的路径与目标，县域作为城乡融合发展的基本单元，对共同富裕推进具有重要意义。基于2006—2022年宁夏县域面板数据，构建县域共同富裕综合评价指标体系，运用探索性空间数据分析、泰尔指数、基准回归分析等方法，探究宁夏县域共同富裕水平的时空分异格局及驱动因素。结果表明：（1） 2006—2022年宁夏县域共同富裕水平总体呈上升态势，但宁北、宁中、宁南不同区域间的增长差异与指标各维度的增长差异显著。（2）从泰尔指数来看，宁夏县域共同富裕的发展差异一直存在，但整体差距在逐渐缩小，泰尔指数分解后组间差距贡献率增长远大于组内差距贡献率。（3）宁夏县域共同富裕水平整体实现了向更高水平的转变，呈现出“块状分布”的空间格局，具有显著的空间集聚性特征。（4）宁夏县域共同富裕进程相对缓慢，经济水平、教育水平、产业结构、基础设施建设对共同富裕发展具有正向推动作用，而城镇化水平对宁夏县域共同富裕推进具有阶段性抑制作用。

关键词: 县域, 共同富裕, 时空格局, 驱动因素, 宁夏

Abstract:

This study describes the gradual achievement of common prosperity as a goal and a path of Chinese-style modernization. Using panel data from Ningxia county areas from 2006 to 2022, we develop a comprehensive evaluation index system for assessing common prosperity at the county level, We employ exploratory spatial data analysis, the Thiel index, and baseline regression analysis to investigate the spatiotemporal differentiation patterns and driving factors affecting the common prosperity levels in Ningxia counties. The results show the following. (1) From 2006 to 2022, the level of common prosperity in Ningxia county areas generally exhibited an upward trend; however, the growth rates in northern, central, and southern regions of Ningxia varied significantly across different dimensions of the index. (2) According to the Thiel index, disparities in common prosperity development have regularly existed in Ningxia county areas, but the overall inequality has been gradually decreasing. Notably, the growth rate of the disparity between groups has far exceeded that of the disparity within groups. (3) The level of common prosperity in Ningxia county areas has transformed overall to a higher level, presenting a “patchy distribution” spatial pattern with significant clustering characteristics. (4) The progression toward common prosperity in Ningxia county areas has been relatively slow, driven positively by factors such as economic development, education levels, industrial structure, and infrastructure. By contrast, the urbanization process has shown a stage-inhibitory effect on the advancement of common prosperity in these areas.

Key words: county areas, common prosperity, spatiotemporal pattern, driving factors, Ningxia

王鑫, 郑芳, 何铃瑶, 何浩亮, 侯迎. 宁夏县域共同富裕水平时空分异格局及驱动因素研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(7): 1293-1303.

WANG Xin, ZHENG Fang, HE Lingyao, HE Haoliang, HOU Ying. Spatiotemporal differentiation pattern and driving factors of common prosperity level in Ningxia county areas[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(7): 1293-1303.

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维度	指标	指标释义	权重/%			属性	参考来源
维度	指标	指标释义	EWM	CRITIC	组合	属性	参考来源
发展性	人均GDP	地区经济发展水平	4.580	3.121	3.851	+	[10，21]
	人均社会消费品零售额	地区消费实力	5.594	4.455	5.024	+	[10]
	经济稳定性	地区经济运行稳定状况	12.568	7.154	9.861	+	[7]
	二三产业增加值占GDP比重	产业结构合理性	2.885	5.031	3.958	+	[21]
	常住人口城镇化率	人口城镇化水平	3.408	5.377	4.392	+	[22]
	城乡就业率	居民就业情况	3.495	6.936	5.215	+	[23]
	城乡居民收入泰尔指数	城乡收入差距	3.875	6.642	5.259	-	[22]
	地区发展差异系数	地区发展差距	2.292	4.127	3.209	-	[10]
共享性	每万人口普通中学在校学生数	地区受教育状况	3.422	6.230	4.826	+	[24]
	每万人口小学在校学生数	地区受教育状况	4.002	6.990	5.496	+	[24]
	每千人口医疗卫生机构床位数	医疗资源分配均等化程度	3.314	4.262	3.788	+	[11]
	每千人口执业医师数	医疗资源分配均等化程度	3.301	4.735	4.018	+	[11]
	图书馆机构数	公共文化服务水平	12.776	2.795	7.786	+	[25]
	群众文化机构数	公共文化服务水平	4.763	4.333	4.548	+	[26]
	人均交通运输用地面积	地区交通便利程度	8.918	3.408	6.163	+	[23，27]
	农村家庭每百户移动电话	居民网络通信程度	3.192	5.136	4.164	+	[11]
可持续性	全社会劳动生产率	经济高质量发展的能力	4.727	3.108	3.917	+	[9]
	全体居民人均可支配收入	居民的收入状况	3.775	4.794	4.285	+	[21]
	财政自给率	地方的财政健康程度	6.987	7.396	7.192	+	[10]
	单位GDP废气排放量	地区生态环境优劣水平	2.125	3.968	3.047	-	[17]

年份	泰尔指数				贡献度/%
年份	全域	宁北	宁中	宁南	组内	组间
2006	0.017	0.018	0.010	0.010	81.51	18.49
2007	0.015	0.012	0.009	0.003	58.01	41.99
2008	0.016	0.008	0.009	0.001	39.51	60.49
2009	0.016	0.009	0.012	0.003	50.34	49.66
2010	0.012	0.007	0.014	0.001	58.62	41.30
2011	0.010	0.006	0.010	0.000	56.59	43.41
2012	0.008	0.002	0.009	0.001	49.44	50.56
2013	0.010	0.005	0.012	0.004	64.93	34.01
2014	0.009	0.005	0.008	0.001	54.09	46.14
2015	0.008	0.005	0.010	0.001	61.49	39.10
2016	0.009	0.006	0.011	0.000	66.26	36.16
2017	0.008	0.005	0.010	0.001	65.51	37.34
2018	0.008	0.005	0.010	0.002	71.14	31.50
2019	0.011	0.008	0.009	0.004	63.34	38.19
2020	0.008	0.013	0.005	0.001	35.81	63.76
2021	0.004	0.002	0.001	0.006	34.53	65.47
2022	0.004	0.003	0.000	0.006	36.33	63.67
均值	0.010	0.007	0.009	0.003	55.73	44.78

年份	全局莫兰指数	Z值	年份	全局莫兰指数	Z值
2006	0.096^*	1.019	2015	0.594^***	3.855
2007	0.404^***	2.809	2016	0.553^***	3.573
2008	0.438^***	2.968	2017	0.358^***	2.555
2009	0.419^***	2.879	2018	0.464^***	3.301
2010	0.249^**	2.122	2019	0.113^**	1.346
2011	0.315^**	2.254	2020	0.135^**	0.121
2012	0.423^***	2.850	2021	0.114^**	0.476
2013	0.528^***	3.432	2022	0.208^**	0.360
2014	0.507^***	3.327	-	-	-

变量名称	变量符号	变量描述	单位
共同富裕水平	Cop	县域共同富裕指数	-
经济水平	X₁	全体居民人均可支配收入	元·人^-1
教育水平	X₂	每万人口普通中学在校学生数	人
城镇化水平	X₃	城镇常住人口占总人口比重	%
产业结构	X₄	二、三产业生产值与总产值之比	%
基础设施建设	X₅	人均交通运输用地面积	km²·人^-1

变量	全域	宁北	宁中	宁南
X₁	0.217^***（0.038）	0.497^***（0.125）	0.295^***（0.069）	0.238^***（0.533）
X₂	0.064^***（0.010）	0.065^***（0.019）	0.072^***（0.011）	0.046^***（0.013）
X₃	-0.011^*（0.020）	-0.069^*（0.039）	-0.012^*（0.022）	-0.110^***（0.031）
X₄	0.098^***（0.022）	0.149^**（0.049）	0.097^**（0.033）	0.052^*（0.035）
X₅	0.120^***（0.021）	0.299^***（0.076）	0.075^***（0.022）	0.037^*（0.070）
自相关系数	-0.062^**（0.098）	-0.198^**（0.114）	-0.369^**（0.116）	-0.588^***（0.146）
方差	0.000313^***（0.0000298）	0.000272^***（0.0000418）	0.000111^***（0.0000198）	0.000113^***（0.0000204）
样本量	221	85	68	68
拟合优度	0.760	0.822	0.501	0.308
地点固定	是是	是是	是是	是是
时间固定	是是	是是	是是	是是