Abstract: Based on the theory of progress and prospect on interaction between urbanization and eco-environment，as a case study of the Zhangye City oasis at the Heihe River Basin in arid area of northwest China，this paper focuses on the study of the response relationship of water resources to urbanization patterns and process in the compound social-economical-ecological system，reveals the internal feedback mechanism of urbanization process and water resources distribution in the arid area，and carries out the quantitative research on the response relationship of regional urbanization development to water resources utilization variation.  The analysis was completed of the trends of urbanization and the amount of regional water consumption during 1999-2011 in Zhangye，and established the dynamic coupling models of urbanization and coordinated development of water resources. First of all，the empirical study was made of the relationships among the amount of water，urbanization and per capita GDP，and then the empirical study was carried out on urbanization and regional water targets in Zhangye. The conclusions are as follows：the most significant relevance between urbanization and the level of regional economic development in Zhangye is up to 0.93061，and there is a logarithmic curve. In respect of the relationships of the urbanization development process of Zhangye City to the special indicators of the regional water consumption，and in the field of urbanization and unit water efficiency，and domestic water consumption，there are logarithmic curve models and S-shaped curve models，whose correlation coefficients are all above 0.74. At the present，the harmonious development system of urbanization and water resource utilization in the Hexi Corridor is in its developmental phrase. However，the water resources constraint is increased quickly with the advancement of urbanization process. The coupling situation of urbanization and water resource utilization also shows a weakening trend. From the temporal change of the coupling degree，it concluded that urbanization process sometimes is in need of some cost of the water resource constraint in its initial stages，but as the urbanization continues，the coupling state of urbanization and water resource constrain would be meliorated and advanced along the harmonious and symbiotic direction. So，it is crucial to recognize the dynamic coupling law between urbanization and water resources，and adopt the proper modes to realize the sustainable development of the urbanization in the Hexi Corridor.

Key words: urbanization, ecologic environment, water resource, progress and prospect, arid area of northwest China