Abstract: Agricultural water is the main body of water consumption in arid areas. Faced with increasingly severe water shortages，the study of agricultural water efficiency and intensity is an effectively way to explore agricultural water consumption situation and further exploit water-saving potential. It is very significant to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources and to speed up the social economic development in arid areas. Through the quantitative analysis method，from the basin space and planting crops type，the paper analyzed the agricultural water consumption intensity variation characteristics of Ogan River，southern Xinjiang，China during 2000-2009. Used the improved decomposition analysis method，the paper analyzed the structure effect and efficiency effect of water consumption intensity changes. After that，the paper choose some related indicators which may affect the water consumption. Using SPSS regression，the paper analyzed the influence factors of water consumption intensity. The results show as follows：（1） during 2000-2009，agricultural water consumption intensity of Ogan River Basin has a significantly decreasing trend as a whole. The declining ranges in the space are as follows：upper’s range （-0.99） > middle’s one （-0.29）> lower’s one （-0.22）. The 8 crop types’ decreased ranges are listed as following: other crops （-2.91），melon and fruits （-0.90） ，vegetables （-0.86） ，wheat （-0.60）， oil crops （-0.36）， corn （-0.32），cotton （-0.20）， fruits forestry （-0.09）. （2） In the 10 years，the decrease in agricultural water consumption intensity is mainly attributed to efficiency effect，whose contribution rate is about 95.41% . But the contributions of structure effect and efficiency effect are various in different regions and for different planting crops. The efficiency effect plays a main role in the basin’s different regions，the structure effect shows a smaller promotion，even showing an inhibition. （3） The following factors have significant effects on the intensity of water resource consumption: per capita agriculture GDP，irrigation requirement of per cultivated land，per capita water quantity and annual rainfall. But agricultural water consumption intensity and per capita GDP are negatively correlated; irrigation requirement of per cultivated land，per capita water quantity，the annual precipitation and agricultural water resource consumption intensity are positively correlated. Finally，the paper puts forward some suggestions to reduce the intensity of agricultural water consumption based on research results.

Key words: agricultural water consumption intensity, structure effect, efficiency effect, effecting factors, Ogan River Basin