Abstract: According to monitoring and sample analysis of groundwater level and salinity change at lower reaches of Tarim River, this paper made a correlative analysis on chemical elements of groundwater and groundwater level before and after surface ecological water transportation. The correlation sequence of groundwater chemical elements and groundwater level change was SO^2-₄＞Cl^-＞Na⁺＞HCO₃^-＞K⁺＞Ca²⁺＞Mg²⁺ before water transportation, and that of groundwater chemical elements and groundwater level changed into Cl^-＞SO^2-₄＞Na⁺＞Mg²⁺＞Ca²⁺＞K⁺＞HCO₃^-. After water transportation, SO^2-₄was at the first in the sequence of correlation before water transportation and fell to the second after water transportation. the position of in the sequence changed from the second before water transportation to the first after water transportation. The order of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺'s order in the sequence of correlation also had many changes after water transportation, Mg²⁺ changed from the seventh to the fourth and Ca²⁺ changes from the sixth to the fifth after water transportation. The result showed that ecological water transportation had obvious influence to the quality of groundwater. The concentration change of SO^2-₄, Cl^-, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ had high correlation with change of groundwater level. However, the correlation between pH value and groundwater level was lowest, which indicated that the water transportation had little influence to the change of pH value of groundwater. Correlation between groundwater salinity and groundwater level was highest with correlation value of 0.863 after water transportation, which indicated that the water transportation had much influence to the change of groundwater salinity.

Key words: Tarim River, groundwater, water chemical elements, correlation