Arid Land Geography ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1063-1073.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.247
• Tourism Geography • Previous Articles Next Articles
LYU Wanqing(
), SONG Zhigao(
), XIAO Zhaofu
Received:2025-05-06
Revised:2025-10-19
Online:2026-05-25
Published:2026-05-25
Contact:
SONG Zhigao
E-mail:lvwq@ynu.edu.cn;songzhigao@stu.ynu.edu.cn
LYU Wanqing, SONG Zhigao, XIAO Zhaofu. Coupling coordination, obstacle diagnosis and driving factors of new urbanization and high-quality development of tourism in China[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(5): 1063-1073.
Tab. 1
Evaluation index system for new urbanization and high-quality development of tourism"
| 系统层 | 准则层 | 指标层 | 指标说明 | 属性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 新型城镇化 | 经济城镇化 | 城镇居民人均可支配收入(X1)/元 | 城镇居民人均可用于日常生活开支的收入 | + |
| 人均社会消费品零售总额(X2)/元 | 社会消费品零售总额/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 第三产业增加值占比(X3)/% | 第三产业增加值/GDP | + | ||
| 人均地区生产总值(X4)/元 | GDP/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 空间城镇化 | 人均城市道路面积(X5)/m2 | 城市道路面积/常住人口数量 | + | |
| 人均拥有建成区面积(X6)/m2 | 建成区面积/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 建成区面积占比(X7)/% | 建成区面积/城区面积 | + | ||
| 公共交通工具普及率(X8)/辆 | 每万人拥有公共交通车数量 | + | ||
| 社会城镇化 | 教育投入占比(X9)/% | 地方财政教育支出/GDP | + | |
| 医疗卫生水平(X10)/张 | 每万人拥有医疗卫生机构床位数 | + | ||
| 教育规模(X11)/人 | 每十万人高等学校在校生数 | + | ||
| 人均拥有公共图书馆藏量(X12)/册 | 公共图书馆藏数量/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 人口城镇化 | 人口城镇化率(X13)/% | 城镇人口数量/常住人口数量 | + | |
| 城镇人口密度(X14)/人·km-2 | 城镇人口数量/城镇建成区面积 | + | ||
| 二三产业从业人员占比(X15)/% | 第二、第三产业从业人员/总从业人员 | + | ||
| 城镇就业情况(X16)/% | 城镇人口登记失业率 | - | ||
| 生态城镇化 | 每万人拥有公共厕所(X17)/座 | 每万人拥有公共厕所数量 | + | |
| 人均公园绿地面积(X18)/m2 | 公园绿地总面积/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 污水处理率(X19)/% | 污水处理量/污水排放总量 | + | ||
| 生活垃圾无害化处理率(X20)/% | 无害化城镇垃圾处理量/生活垃圾产生总量 | + | ||
| 城乡一体化 | 城乡居民消费水平比(X21)/% | 城镇居民人均消费支出/农村居民人均消费支出 | - | |
| 城乡居民收入水平比(X22)/% | 城镇居民人均收入/乡村居民人均收入 | - | ||
| 城乡居民家庭恩格尔系数比(X23)/% | 城镇居民家庭恩格尔系数/乡村居民恩格尔系数 | + | ||
| 旅游业高质量发展 | 创新发展 | 人均旅游R&D经费支出(X24)/元 | 旅游R&D经费支出/常住人口数量 | + |
| 旅游发明专利(X25)/个 | 每万人旅游相关发明专利授权数量 | + | ||
| 旅游学生数量(X26)/人 | 每万人高等和中等职业旅游院校在校人数 | + | ||
| 旅游劳动生产率(X27)/104元·人-1 | 旅游总收入/旅游从业人员数量 | + | ||
| 协调发展 | 旅游产业地位(X28)/% | 旅游总收入/GDP | + | |
| 旅游产业结构高级化(X29)/% | 二、三产业比重/GDP占旅游总收入比重 | + | ||
| 旅游产业结构合理化(X30)/% | 旅游总收入/第三产业增加值 | + | ||
| 旅游产业聚集度(X31)/% | 旅游收入占GDP比重/中国旅游收入占GDP比重 | + | ||
| 绿色发展 | 自然保护区面积占比(X32)/% | 自然保护区面积/辖区面积 | + | |
| 森林覆盖率(X33)/% | 森林覆盖率 | + | ||
| 旅游业废气排放量(X34)/104 t | 旅游交通、住宿和旅游活动碳排放总量 | - | ||
| 开放发展 | 旅游资源丰度(X35)/个·km-2 | A级以上景区数量/区域面积 | + | |
| 接待服务能力(X36)/个·km-2 | 星级饭店、旅行社数量/区域面积 | + | ||
| 旅游外汇占比(X37)/% | 旅游外汇收入/旅游总收入 | + | ||
| 入境游客人均花费(X38)/USD | 旅游外汇收入/入境游客数量 | + | ||
| 共享发展 | 客运量(X39)/104人 | 公路、铁路和水运总量 | + | |
| 人均文化体育支出(X40)/元 | 文化体育与传媒支出/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 人均旅游收入(X41)/元 | 旅游总收入/常住人口数量 | + | ||
| 艺术表演场馆演出场次(X42)/104场 | 艺术表演场馆演出场次 | + |
Tab. 2
Classification of the coupling coordination degree level between new urbanization and high-quality tourism development of tourism"
| 等级划分 | 取值区间 | 等级划分 | 取值区间 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 极度失调 | [0.0, 0.1) | 勉强协调 | [0.5, 0.6) |
| 严重失调 | [0.1, 0.2) | 初级协调 | [0.6, 0.7) |
| 中度失调 | [0.2, 0.3) | 中级协调 | [0.7, 0.8) |
| 轻度失调 | [0.3, 0.4) | 良好协调 | [0.8, 0.9) |
| 濒临失调 | [0.4, 0.5) | 优质协调 | [0.9, 1.0] |
Tab. 3
Obstacle degree at the criterion layer for new urbanization and high-quality development of tourism"
| 年份 | 新型城镇化 | 旅游业高质量发展 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 经济城镇化 | 空间城镇化 | 社会城镇化 | 人口城镇化 | 生态城镇化 | 城乡一体化 | 创新发展 | 协调发展 | 绿色发展 | 开放发展 | 共享发展 | ||
| 2014 | 0.282 | 0.145 | 0.253 | 0.106 | 0.180 | 0.034 | 0.282 | 0.102 | 0.072 | 0.358 | 0.186 | |
| 2015 | 0.275 | 0.145 | 0.256 | 0.108 | 0.182 | 0.034 | 0.295 | 0.085 | 0.059 | 0.377 | 0.185 | |
| 2016 | 0.269 | 0.146 | 0.259 | 0.108 | 0.184 | 0.034 | 0.303 | 0.102 | 0.064 | 0.335 | 0.195 | |
| 2017 | 0.266 | 0.146 | 0.260 | 0.109 | 0.185 | 0.035 | 0.293 | 0.100 | 0.066 | 0.368 | 0.173 | |
| 2018 | 0.262 | 0.149 | 0.262 | 0.106 | 0.186 | 0.034 | 0.294 | 0.090 | 0.060 | 0.371 | 0.185 | |
| 2019 | 0.259 | 0.15 | 0.265 | 0.105 | 0.189 | 0.033 | 0.292 | 0.096 | 0.058 | 0.376 | 0.178 | |
| 2020 | 0.264 | 0.151 | 0.262 | 0.104 | 0.188 | 0.031 | 0.295 | 0.087 | 0.050 | 0.375 | 0.194 | |
| 2021 | 0.262 | 0.156 | 0.259 | 0.104 | 0.189 | 0.030 | 0.298 | 0.072 | 0.052 | 0.389 | 0.189 | |
| 2022 | 0.268 | 0.150 | 0.257 | 0.107 | 0.189 | 0.029 | 0.298 | 0.086 | 0.048 | 0.382 | 0.187 | |
| 2023 | 0.265 | 0.143 | 0.262 | 0.109 | 0.193 | 0.029 | 0.303 | 0.099 | 0.058 | 0.346 | 0.193 | |
Tab. 4
Top three obstacle factors and their obstacle degrees at the indicator layer for new urbanization and high-quality development of tourism"
| 省域 | 新型城镇化 | 旅游业高质量发展 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 第一障碍因子 | 第二障碍因子 | 第三障碍因子 | 第一障碍因子 | 第二障碍因子 | 第三障碍因子 | ||
| 北京 | X19(0.148) | X14(0.134) | X10(0.125) | X26(0.190) | X37(0.119) | X36(0.099) | |
| 天津 | X19(0.151) | X10(0.122) | X12(0.107) | X26(0.157) | X36(0.140) | X37(0.098) | |
| 河北 | X12(0.132) | X19(0.111) | X4(0.095) | X36(0.140) | X26(0.140) | X37(0.092) | |
| 山西 | X12(0.119) | X19(0.118) | X4(0.091) | X36(0.146) | X26(0.144) | X37(0.095) | |
| 内蒙古 | X19(0.122) | X12(0.110) | X10(0.84) | X36(0.145) | X26(0.141) | X37(0.091) | |
| 辽宁 | X12(0.105) | X19(0.095) | X4(0.087) | X26(0.146) | X36(0.145) | X37(0.095) | |
| 吉林 | X19(0.116) | X12(0.108) | X4(0.087) | X36(0.151) | X26(0.148) | X37(0.097) | |
| 黑龙江 | X12(0.128) | X19(0.121) | X4(0.100) | X36(0.145) | X26(0.141) | X37(0.092) | |
| 上海 | X19(0.148) | X10(0.130) | X17(0.087) | X26(0.182) | X37(0.106) | X42(0.103) | |
| 江苏 | X12(0.133) | X14(0.104) | X19(0.079) | X36(0.157) | X36(0.147) | X37(0.101) | |
| 浙江 | X19(0.109) | X12(0.104) | X14(0.096) | X36(0.157) | X36(0.147) | X37(0.099) | |
| 安徽 | X12(0.129) | X19(0.108) | X4(0.090) | X36(0.143) | X26(0.143) | X37(0.092) | |
| 福建 | X19(0.132) | X19(0.116) | X10(0.091) | X36(0.147) | X26(0.147) | X37(0.089) | |
| 江西 | X12(0.128) | X19(0.128) | X4(0.095) | X36(0.150) | X26(0.148) | X37(0.098) | |
| 山东 | X12(0.139) | X14(0.102) | X19(0.095) | X26(0.143) | X36(0.140) | X37(0.092) | |
| 河南 | X12(0.148) | X19(0.111) | X4(0.102) | X36(0.141) | X26(0.140) | X37(0.092) | |
| 湖北 | X12(0.125) | X19(0.107) | X4(0.082) | X36(0.144) | X26(0.143) | X37(0.093) | |
| 湖南 | X12(0.130) | X19(0.112) | X4(0.091) | X36(0.147) | X26(0.145) | X37(0.095) | |
| 广东 | X12(0.142) | X4(0.092) | X17(0.083) | X26(0.149) | X36(0.145) | X37(0.088) | |
| 广西 | X12(0.115) | X19(0.096) | X4(0.093) | X36(0.149) | X26(0.147) | X37(0.095) | |
| 海南 | X19(0.121) | X12(0.112) | X10(0.093) | X26(0.142) | X36(0.141) | X37(0.090) | |
| 重庆 | X12(0.121) | X19(0.120) | X14(0.079) | X36(0.144) | X26(0.137) | X37(0.091) | |
| 四川 | X12(0.130) | X19(0.105) | X4(0.093) | X36(0.149) | X26(0.145) | X37(0.096) | |
| 贵州 | X12(0.117) | X19(0.112) | X4(0.091) | X36(0.152) | X26(0.149) | X37(0.099) | |
| 云南 | X12(0.119) | X19(0.115) | X4(0.089) | X36(0.150) | X26(0.146) | X37(0.094) | |
| 西藏 | X19(0.117) | X14(0.104) | X10(0.092) | X36(0.162) | X26(0.119) | X37(0.101) | |
| 陕西 | X12(0.131) | X19(0.124) | X4(0.086) | X36(0.147) | X26(0.145) | X37(0.093) | |
| 甘肃 | X19(0.119) | X12(0.110) | X4(0.094) | X36(0.154) | X26(0.150) | X37(0.098) | |
| 青海 | X19(0.118) | X12(0.097) | X10(0.091) | X36(0.146) | X26(0.142) | X37(0.093) | |
| 宁夏 | X19(0.127) | X10(0.099) | X12(0.096) | X36(0.139) | X26(0.136) | X37(0.090) | |
| 新疆 | X19(0.120) | X12(0.117) | X4(0.087) | X36(0.155) | X26(0.150) | X37(0.081) | |
Tab. 5
Driving factors for the coupling coordination between new urbanization and high-quality development of tourism"
| 指标名称 | 指标说明 | q值 |
|---|---|---|
| 经济发展水平/108元 | 地区生产总值 | 0.492* |
| 科技创新水平/% | R&D项目经费投入强度 | 0.260* |
| 人力资本水平/a | 平均受教育年限 | 0.178 |
| 对外开放程度/104 USD | 进出口贸易总额/地区生产总值 | 0.329 |
| 政府干预能力/% | 财政支出/地区生产总值 | 0.418* |
| 交通条件/km·km-2 | 路网密度 | 0.273 |
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