Arid Land Geography ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 841-855.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.580
• Land Use and Sustainable Development • Previous Articles Next Articles
CAO Haoran1,2(
), MENG Mei1(
), LIU Hongguang2
Received:2025-09-25
Revised:2025-12-26
Online:2026-04-25
Published:2026-04-28
Contact:
MENG Mei
E-mail:caohaoran@stu.njau.edu.cn;mengmeihh@163.com
CAO Haoran, MENG Mei, LIU Hongguang. Spatiotemporal variation characteristics and simulation prediction of land ecological vulnerability in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2024[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(4): 841-855.
Tab. 1
Data sources"
| 数据名称 | 年份 | 数据来源及分辨率 |
|---|---|---|
| DEM数据 | 2024 | 地理空间数据云( |
| 气象数据 | 2000、2005、2010、2015、2020、2024 | 国家地球系统科学数据中心( |
| 土壤数据 | 2023 | HWSD2.0( |
| 遥感数据 | 2000、2005、2010、2015、2020、2024 | 美国地质调查局(USGS)官方数据平台( |
| MODIS数据 | 2000、2005、2010、2015、2020、2024 | 美国国家航空航天局(NASA)地球数据检索系统( |
| 地理信息数据 | 2024 | 资源环境科学与数据平台( |
| 社会经济数据 | 2000、2005、2010、2015、2020、2024 | 《甘肃统计年鉴(2001—2025)》《甘肃省农经统计报表(2000—2024)》 |
Tab. 2
Evaluation index system of land ecological vulnerability"
| 目标层 | 准则层 | 次准则层 | 影响因子层 | 属性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 土地生态脆弱性评价 | 敏感度 | 地形因子(静态) | 高程 | 正向 |
| 坡度 | 定性 | |||
| 地形起伏度 | 定性 | |||
| 地表粗糙度 | 正向 | |||
| 气象因子(动态) | 年均气温 | 负向 | ||
| 干旱指数 | 正向 | |||
| 环境因子(动态) | 水土流失 | 正向 | ||
| 水源涵养能力 | 负向 | |||
| 土壤因子(动态) | 土壤沙化度 | 定性 | ||
| 土壤盐渍化 | 定性 | |||
| 土壤碳储量 | 负向 | |||
| 土壤水分 | 负向 | |||
| 恢复力 | 植被因子(动态) | NDVI | 负向 | |
| NPP | 负向 | |||
| 多样性因子(动态) | 生物丰度 | 负向 | ||
| 水文因子(动态) | 河流缓冲区 | 正向 | ||
| 压力 | 社会因子(动态) | 人口密度 | 正向 | |
| 人均GDP | 正向 |
Tab. 4
Classification standard of land ecological vulnerability in Gansu Province"
| 脆弱类型 | 脆弱等级 | 分级范围 | 生态效果 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 微度脆弱 | Ⅰ | <0.40 | 土地生态系统结构完整,生态服务功能价值显著,稳定性良好,抗扰动能力与恢复潜力强,生态环境风险水平低 |
| 轻度脆弱 | Ⅱ | 0.40~0.50 | 土地生态系统结构相对完整,生态服务功能价值可观,稳定性较好,具备一定抗扰动能力与较强恢复潜力,存在潜在生态风险 |
| 中度脆弱 | Ⅲ | 0.50~0.58 | 土地生态系统处于临界状态,结构完整性受挑战,生态服务功能有限;稳定性差,扰动缓冲能力接近阈值,敏感性显著;自然恢复缓慢低效,已显现生态退化迹象 |
| 重度脆弱 | Ⅳ | 0.58~0.65 | 土地生态系统结构缺陷明显,生态服务功能显著退化;稳定性严重不足,对外界压力高度敏感;自我调节与恢复机制受损,多重生态风险显现,系统整体失衡 |
| 极度脆弱 | Ⅴ | >0.65 | 土地生态系统结构高度脆弱,生态服务功能严重退化;处于高度不稳定状态,对高强度外界压力极端敏感;自然恢复能力基本丧失,区域生态异常广泛存在,系统濒临崩溃 |
Tab. 5
Influencing factors and data sources"
| 类别 | 影响因子 | 数据来源 |
|---|---|---|
| 社会经济因子 | 人为影响综合指数(X1) | 中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心 |
| 耕地面积比重(X2) | 《甘肃省统计年鉴》 | |
| 人口增长率(X3) | 《甘肃省统计年鉴》 | |
| 城市化率(X4) | 《甘肃省统计年鉴》 | |
| 自然因素 | NDVI(X5) | 中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心 |
| 地形起伏度(X6) | 地理空间数据云DEM数据 | |
| 平均日照时数(X7) | 国家地球系统科学数据中心 | |
| 年蒸散发量(X8) | 国家地球系统科学数据中心 | |
| 土壤类型(X9) | 国家青藏高原科学数据中心,并结合FAO1990的土壤分类 | |
| 景观因素 | 生态用地比例(X10) | 中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心;第三次全国国土调查成果分析报告 |
Tab. 6
Area and proportion of land ecological vulnerability in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2024"
| 脆弱类型 | 2000年 | 2005年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | 2020年 | 2024年 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | ||||||
| 微度脆弱 | 70441.67 | 16.54 | 92745.38 | 21.78 | 112913.85 | 26.52 | 119256.13 | 28.01 | 139340.04 | 32.72 | 155618.58 | 36.55 | |||||
| 轻度脆弱 | 67143.68 | 15.77 | 70357.10 | 16.52 | 73845.36 | 17.34 | 69976.57 | 16.43 | 104520.89 | 24.55 | 110207.80 | 25.88 | |||||
| 中度脆弱 | 62915.49 | 14.78 | 69257.77 | 16.27 | 95366.85 | 22.40 | 99933.30 | 23.47 | 137437.36 | 32.28 | 132046.41 | 31.01 | |||||
| 重度脆弱 | 148663.20 | 34.91 | 168641.41 | 39.61 | 138557.83 | 32.54 | 132109.84 | 31.03 | 44396.01 | 10.43 | 27863.78 | 6.54 | |||||
| 极度脆弱 | 76635.97 | 18.00 | 24798.34 | 5.82 | 5116.11 | 1.20 | 4524.16 | 1.06 | 105.70 | 0.02 | 63.42 | 0.01 | |||||
Tab. 7
Detection results of land ecological vulnerability impact factors in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2024"
| 影响因子 | 解释力(q值) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000年 | 2005年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | 2020年 | 2024年 | |
| X1 | 0.378 | 0.277 | 0.274 | 0.278 | 0.295 | 0.310 |
| X2 | 0.082 | 0.080 | 0.101 | 0.156 | 0.125 | 0.130 |
| X3 | 0.122 | 0.163 | 0.183 | 0.218 | 0.215 | 0.210 |
| X4 | 0.030 | 0.129 | 0.160 | 0.123 | 0.024 | 0.035 |
| X5 | 0.417 | 0.514 | 0.589 | 0.557 | 0.586 | 0.600 |
| X6 | 0.007 | 0.029 | 0.124 | 0.022 | 0.027 | 0.030 |
| X7 | 0.589 | 0.517 | 0.456 | 0.467 | 0.555 | 0.560 |
| X8 | 0.453 | 0.594 | 0.451 | 0.418 | 0.650 | 0.670 |
| X9 | 0.031 | 0.023 | 0.026 | 0.117 | 0.013 | 0.020 |
| X10 | 0.224 | 0.255 | 0.276 | 0.240 | 0.219 | 0.225 |
Tab. 8
Predicted changes in land ecological vulnerability in Gansu Province from 2024 to 2035"
| 脆弱类型 | 2024年 | 2030年 | 2035年 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | |||
| 微度脆弱 | 159360.53 | 37.43 | 164962.88 | 38.74 | 163144.76 | 38.31 | ||
| 轻度脆弱 | 108854.78 | 25.56 | 117564.86 | 27.61 | 115831.30 | 27.20 | ||
| 中度脆弱 | 63824.55 | 14.99 | 123484.33 | 29.00 | 125936.68 | 29.58 | ||
| 重度脆弱 | 93591.01 | 21.98 | 19766.79 | 4.64 | 20866.12 | 4.90 | ||
| 极度脆弱 | 169.13 | 0.04 | 21.14 | 0.01 | 21.14 | 0.01 | ||
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