艾比湖春夏季土壤盐渍化卫星监测对比分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.044

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil salinization is a major factor in arid and semi-arid regions, adversely affecting agricultural production and the ecological environment. Accurately capturing the spatiotemporal distribution of soil salinization has become a key focus in current research across the fields of ecology, geography, and agriculture. In this study, Sentinel-2A imagery from April and July, along with corresponding in-situ measurements of the salinity of surface soil, were utilized to construct soil salinity inversion models for the Ebinur Lake region. Five machine learning algorithms [random forest (RF), support vector regression, decision tree regression, adaptive boosting (Adaboost), and gradient boosting regression tree] and two deep learning methods(deep belief network and fully convolutional network] were employed for this purpose. Variables were selected using the Boruta algorithm to enhance the performance of the model. The results indicate that: (1) In April, the soil salinity exhibited a strong positive correlation with various spectral bands, whereas the overall correlation strength decreased in July. Among multispectral indices, the intensity indices (Int₁, Int₂), salinity indices (S₃, S₅, S₆, SI, SI₁, SI₂, SI₃), and the ratio index showed strong positive correlations with the soil salinity, whereas the normalized difference index displayed a strong negative correlation. (2) The RF model achieved the highest predictive accuracy in both time periods, with an average R² and RMSE of 0.72 and 0.13 in April and 0.66, and 0.15 in July, respectively. Therefore, the RF model was identified as the optimal model in this study. Furthermore, in terms of temporal selection, soil salinity inversion in April yielded higher accuracy compared to July, indicating that April is more favorable for soil salinity monitoring in arid regions.

Key words: Sentinel-2A, soil salinity, remote sensing inversion, machine learning, deep learning

GUO Jiali, MA Yonggang, PAN Heng, LI Na, SUN Changning, SUN Qian, ZHOU Wenchang, DANG Yuxuan. Comparative analysis of satellite monitoring of soil salinization in Ebinur Lake during spring and summer[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(12): 2143-2157.

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波段	中心波长/nm	分辨率/m	描述
沿海气溶液（B₁）	443	60	气溶胶、海岸带监测
蓝波段（B₂）	490	10	识别表层盐结皮
绿波段（B₃）	560	10	区分植被覆盖与裸土盐渍化
红波段（B₄）	665	10	与植被指数结合减少植被干扰
红边1波段（B₅）	705	20	生物量监测
红边2波段（B₆）	740	20	作物胁迫检测
红边3波段（B₇）	783	20	叶绿素含量
近红外波段（B₈）	842	10	植被覆盖度
窄近红外波段（B_8A）	865	20	植被水分
水汽波段（B₉）	940	60	水汽吸收
卷云波段（B₁₀）	1375	60	大气水汽吸收（无地表信息）
短波红外1波段（B₁₁）	1610	20	水分、盐分敏感
短波红外2波段（B₁₂）	2190	20	盐分敏感

类型	光谱指数	简称	计算公式	参考文献
植被指数	增强植被指数	EVI	$2.5\times \frac{{B}_{8}-{B}_{4}}{{B}_{8}+6\times {B}_{4}-7.5\times {B}_{2}+1}$	[20]
	比值植被指数	RVI	B₈/B₄	[21]
	差值植被指数	DVI	B₈-B₄	[21]
	归一化植被指数	NDVI	$\frac{{B}_{8}-{B}_{4}}{{B}_{8}+{B}_{4}}$	[20]
	修正归一化差值植被指数	MNDVI	$\frac{{B}_{8}-{B}_{4}}{{B}_{8}+{B}_{4}-2\times {B}_{2}}$	[22]
	土壤调整植被指数	TNDVI	$\sqrt{\frac{{B}_{8}-{B}_{4}}{{B}_{8}+{B}_{4}+0.5}}$	[23]
	土壤条件植被指数	SAVI	$\frac{1.5\times ({B}_{8}-{B}_{4})}{{B}_{8}+{B}_{4}+0.5}$	[20]
	绿光归一化差值植被指数	GNDVI	$\frac{{B}_{8}-{B}_{3}}{{B}_{8}+{B}_{3}}$	[24]
盐分指数	盐分指数	SI	$\sqrt{{B}_{2}\times {B}_{4}}$	[25]
		SI₁	$\sqrt{{B}_{3}\times {B}_{4}}$	[26]
		SI₂	$\sqrt{{B}_{3}^{2}\times {B}_{4}^{2}+{B}_{8}^{2}}$	[26]
		SI₃	$\sqrt{{B}_{3}^{2}\times {B}_{4}^{2}}$	[26]
		S₁	B₂/B₄	[26]
		S₂	$\frac{{B}_{2}-{B}_{4}}{{B}_{2}+{B}_{4}}$	[26]
		S₃	$\frac{{B}_{3}\times {B}_{4}}{{B}_{2}}$	[26]
		S₅	$\frac{{B}_{2}\times {B}_{4}}{{B}_{3}}$	[26]
		S₆	$\frac{{B}_{4}\times {B}_{8}}{{B}_{3}}$	[26]
	归一化盐分指数	NDSI	$\frac{{B}_{4}-{B}_{8}}{{B}_{4}+{B}_{8}}$	[27]
	比值指数	RI	B₄/B₁₂	[28]
	差值指数	DI	B₃-B₇	[28]
	归一化差值指数	NDI	$\frac{{B}_{12}-{B}_{7}}{{B}_{12}+{B}_{7}}$	[28]
	强度指数1	Int₁	$\frac{{B}_{3}+{B}_{4}}{2}$	[27]
	强度指数2	Int₂	$\frac{{B}_{3}+{B}_{4}+{B}_{8}}{2}$	[27]

Comparative analysis of satellite monitoring of soil salinization in Ebinur Lake during spring and summer

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