宁夏旅游经济与生态环境系统空间错位研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.231

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the degree of spatial mismatch between tourism economic development and ecological environment systems, and quantitatively analyze its spatial mismatch relationship, this paper takes Ningxia, China as the research object based on the spatial mismatch theory and model using entropy weight method. Techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution model, spatial center of gravity model, and ArcGIS spatial visualization method were used to analyze the spatial mismatch degree of tourism economy and ecological environment system in the study area from 2011 to 2018. The results are as follows. From 2011 to 2018, the development level of Ningxia’s tourism economy and ecological environment increased from 0.2868 and 0.2395 to 0.4716 and 0.3525, respectively. The tourism economic strength and ecological environment quality improved continuously. From the perspective of spatial center of gravity transfer, there is little difference in the spatial center of gravity transfer of the tourism economic system. Conversely, the ecological environment tends to transfer from south to north, and there is obvious spatial heterogeneity between them. From the perspective of spatial mismatch degree, the spatial mismatch degree of each city in the study area is relatively high, and it shows an increasing trend yearly. The spatial mismatch of Ningxia’s tourism economy and ecological environment system is mainly caused by differences in tourism location and resources. Each city should combine its characteristics, give full play to its resource advantages, tap its potential, and achieve the coordinated and sustainable development of the regional tourism industry by adopting differentiated spatial correction strategies.

Key words: spatial mismatch, tourism economy, ecological environment, spatial center of gravity, Ningxia

SONG Xiaolong,MI Wenbao,LI Longtang,SONG Yongyong,ZHAO Ya’nan,YU Guoliang. Spatial mismatch of tourism economy and ecological environment system in Ningxia[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(2): 593-605.

Figures/Tables 10

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宏观系统	一级指标	二级指标	单位	指标权重
生态环境系统（A₁）	生态环境质量（B₁）	森林覆盖率（T₁）	%	0.0926
		人均公园绿地面积（T₂）	m²	0.0763
		建成区绿化覆盖率（T₃）	%	0.0574
		空气质量优良天数（T₄）	d	0.0364
		人均林草地面积（T₅）	hm²	0.0627
	生态环境压力（B₂）	人口密度（T₆）	人·km^-2	0.0767
		单位GDP能耗（T₇）	t·(10⁴元)^-1	0.0873
		工业废水排放量（T₈）	t	0.0406
		城市生活垃圾清运量（T₉）	t	0.0676
		单位面积农用化肥使用量（T₁₀）	t	0.0593
	生态环境保护（B₃）	人均造林面积（T₁₁）	hm²	0.0613
		工业废水排放达标率（T₁₂）	%	0.0515
		生活垃圾无害化处理率（T₁₃）	%	0.0631
		工业固体废物综合利用率（T₁₄）	%	0.0909
		环保投资占投资总金额比重（T₁₅）	%	0.0763
旅游经济系统（A₂）	旅游经济收入（B₄）	国内旅游收入（T₁₆）	10⁴元	0.1264
		国外旅游收入（T₁₇）	10⁴元	0.1249
		人均旅游收入（T₁₈）	元	0.1076
		旅游总收入占GDP比重（T₁₉）	%	0.0974
	旅游接待人数（B₅）	国内旅游人数（T₂₀）	10⁴人	0.1237
		入境旅游人数（T₂₁）	10⁴人	0.1176
		国内旅游人数占全区比重（T₂₂）	%	0.0939
		入境旅游人数占全区比重（T₂₃）	%	0.0827
	旅游发展速率（B₆）	旅游总人数增长率（T₂₄）	%	0.0672
	旅游发展速率（B₆）	旅游总收入增长率（T₂₅）	%	0.0586

时间段	旅游经济系统重心				生态环境系统重心
时间段	距离/km	方向	经度变化/°E	纬度变化/°N	距离/km	方向	经度变化/°E	纬度变化/°N
第1→2阶段	0.09	西北	106.042→106.041	37.774→37.774	0.29	东南	106.022→106.025	37.692→37.691
第2→3阶段	1.33	西北	106.041→106.041	37.774→37.762	0.85	西北	106.025→106.021	37.691→37.698
第3→4阶段	2.57	西南	106.041→106.038	37.762→37.739	1.44	正北	106.021→106.021	37.698→37.711
第4→5阶段	1.34	东南	106.038→106.040	37.739→37.727	0.28	东北	106.021→106.023	37.711→37.713
第5→6阶段	0.69	西北	106.040→106.034	37.727→37.731	0.45	西南	106.023→106.018	37.713→37.712
第6→7阶段	1.11	东北	106.034→106.033	37.731→37.721	1.13	西南	106.018→106.010	37.712→37.704
第7→8阶段	1.45	东南	106.033→106.035	37.721→37.734	0.83	东北	106.010→106.018	37.704→37.708

地级市	2011年	2012年	2013年	2014年	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年
银川市	-8.596	-8.793	-8.439	-9.496	-8.446	-9.771	-10.739	-11.496
石嘴山市	15.678	14.596	16.342	21.447	18.352	19.244	23.493	21.486
吴忠市	9.634	12.468	10.248	12.459	17.964	14.325	19.247	16.356
中卫市	15.974	20.349	18.366	27.469	28.322	24.467	30.159	28.963
固原市	24.561	29.447	27.658	34.281	38.225	31.496	38.209	40.228

错位等级	2011年	2012年	2013年	2014年	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年
高错位区	石嘴山市、中卫市、固原市	石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	银川市、石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市	银川市、石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市、固原市
中错位区	银川市、吴忠市	银川市	银川市	银川市	银川市	银川市	-	-
低错位区	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Spatial mismatch of tourism economy and ecological environment system in Ningxia

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