基于生态足迹法的宁夏生态移民区可持续发展能力研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.398

Abstract

Abstract:

How economic development can break ecological constraints is an important research topic for sustainable development. To explore the changes in ecologically sustainable development capacity in ecological migration areas, the authors used the ecological footprint method to construct an index for evaluating the sustainable development capacity of ecological migrants and used it to evaluate the sustainable development capacity of the Ningxia ecological migrant areas, northwest China from 2000 to 2020. A decoupling model was also used to analyze the relationship between ecological and environmental pressure and economic development. The research results show the following: (1) The ecological surplus of the migrated-in area (Hongsibu District) and the migrated-out area (Xiji County, Longde County, and Tongxin County) showed a decreasing trend. The ecological surplus of Hongsibu District decreased from 0.730 hm²·cap^-1in 2013 to -0.054 hm²·cap^-1in 2020. From 2000 to 2020, the ecological surplus of Xiji County declined from 1.226 hm²·cap^-1to 0.963 hm²·cap^-1. The ecological surplus of Longde County declined from 0.760 hm²·cap^-1to -0.113 hm²·cap^-1. The ecological surplus of Tongxin County declined from 0.755 hm²·cap^-1to 0.347 hm²·cap^-1. (2) The ecological sustainability of the in-migration area decreased, while the ecological sustainability of the out-migration area was high, but the development is uneven within the region. The relocation area’s ecological sustainability index shows a “W” trend. The ecological sustainability index decreased from -0.012 in 2013 to -0.325 in 2020. As a result, the ecological sustainability of Xiji and Tongxin counties in the migrated-out area is improved, and the ecological sustainability of Longde County is reduced. From 2000 to 2020, the ecological sustainability index of Xiji County increased from -0.324 to 0.037, the ecological sustainability index of Tongxin County increased from -0.552 to -0.125, and the ecological sustainability index of Longde County decreased from -0.029 to -0.375. (3) The ecological environment and economic development in the in-migration areas have not achieved coordinated and unified development. Decoupling of economic growth and ecological pressure in the migrated areas showed regional differences. Therefore, the following recommendations are made: adhere to the priority of ecological protection, take the path of green development and promote ecological restoration, take the path of scientific and technological innovation and governance, optimize resource allocation, and take the path of coordinated development.

Key words: ecological migration, ecological footprint method, capacity for sustainable development, decoupling model, Ningxia

DONG Li, WANG Manwang, DONG Mei. Sustainable development capability of Ningxia ecological migration area based on ecological footprint method[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(6): 1004-1012.

Figures/Tables 5

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 3

References 26

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项目类型及计算所需因子	消费项目	消费项目明细	土地类型
生物资源账户	农产品、油料、蔬菜	小麦、稻谷、玉米、薯类、豆类、油料、蔬菜等	耕地
	肉产品	猪肉、禽蛋等	草地
	畜肉及有关制品	牛肉、羊肉、奶制品等	草地
	林产品	水果等	林地
	水产品	淡水鱼等	水域
能源消耗账户	建筑设施	电力等	建设用地
	能源	煤炭、化肥、液化石油气、天然气等	化石能源用地
污染排放账户	污染物	固体废弃物、SO₂、烟（粉）尘排放量、工业废水、生活废水	-
均衡因子	耕地（2.80）、草地（0.50）、林地（1.10）、水域（0.20）、建筑用地（2.80）
产量因子	耕地（1.66）、草地（0.19）、林地（0.91）、水域（1.00）、建筑用地（1.66）

强负脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	过渡弱负脱钩	弱脱钩	强脱钩	衰退性脱钩	过渡强负脱钩	强负脱钩
Δef>0	Δef>0	Δef>0	Δef>0	Δef<0	Δef<0	Δef<0	Δef<0
ΔG<0	ΔG>0	ΔG>0	ΔG>0	ΔG>0	ΔG<0	ΔG<0	ΔG<0
T<0	T>1.2	1≤T≤1.2	0≤T<1	T<0	T>1.2	1≤T≤1.2	0≤T<1

区域	变化率及脱钩类型	2011年	2012年	2013年	2014年	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年	2019年	2020年
红寺堡区	ΔG	-	-	-	0.079	0.112	0.107	0.119	0.109	1.933	0.132
	Δef	-	-	-	0.042	0.279	-0.233	0.656	-0.043	0.287	0.154
	T	-	-	-	0.527	2.493	-2.167	5.519	-0.395	0.149	1.166
	类型	-	-	-	弱脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	弱脱钩	过渡弱负脱钩
西吉县	ΔG	0.153	0.218	0.185	0.078	0.079	0.125	0.110	0.056	0.071	0.128
	Δef	0.157	0.247	-0.074	0.053	-0.112	-0.082	0.424	-0.074	0.052	0.012
	T	1.029	1.131	-0.402	0.681	-1.419	-0.656	3.868	-1.340	0.731	0.095
	类型	过渡弱负脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	弱脱钩	强脱钩	强脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	弱脱钩	弱脱钩
隆德县	ΔG	0.180	0.148	0.175	0.122	0.077	0.089	0.108	0.123	0.129	0.119
	Δef	0.148	0.032	-0.004	0.247	-0.038	0.125	0.228	0.171	0.007	0.276
	T	0.821	0.214	-0.022	2.017	-0.492	1.406	2.110	1.393	0.051	2.322
	类型	弱脱钩	弱脱钩	强脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	弱脱钩	扩张性负脱钩
同心县	ΔG	0.195	0.141	0.121	0.098	0.108	0.112	0.157	0.095	0.324	0.122
	Δef	-0.699	0.133	-0.121	-0.075	0.084	0.101	0.393	-0.201	-0.098	0.294
	T	-3.589	0.941	-0.997	-0.767	0.771	0.899	2.497	-2.115	-0.301	2.419
	类型	强脱钩	弱脱钩	强脱钩	强脱钩	弱脱钩	弱脱钩	扩张性负脱钩	强脱钩	强脱钩	扩张性负脱钩

Sustainable development capability of Ningxia ecological migration area based on ecological footprint method

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