中国苜蓿施肥产量效应的Meta分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.03.26

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper aims to explore optimal alfalfa fertilizer application in different environments. To this end, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine how fertilization practices affect the yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and how this is impacted by fertilization management and the growth environment. A search of peer-reviewed publications was performed to collect data on the effects of fertilization on the yield of alfalfa grown in China. Specifically, field studies with and without fertilization treatment and with data on forage yield were obtained. A total of 78 publications containing 1031 observations from 61 sites were compiled into a dataset. The articles were selected from a corpus of studies published at home and abroad before May 2019. Key data, fertilizer types, annual precipitation, and soil types were abstracted from the selected articles, and the quantitative effects of fertilizer application on alfalfa yield were studied by meta-analysis. The analyses included a heterogeneity test, comprehensive effect size calculation, publication bias test, and influence factor analysis. Results showed that fertilization could improve alfalfa yields by 15.4%-198.2% because of increased soil nutrition. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had an obvious effect on increasing alfalfa yield. Application of a single organic fertilizer significantly increased alfalfa yields compared with that in the control group by 69.9% (P<0.05). The response of alfalfa yield to fertilization varied according to the growth environment. The application of phosphate, potassium, and organic fertilizers should be emphasized during the planting of alfalfa in arid and semi-arid areas. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is suitable for application to semi-arid areas, and the alfalfa yield increased by 50.5% (P<0.05). When potassium fertilizer was applied, the alfalfa yield in arid areas significantly increased compared that in the control group by 49.8% (P<0.05). The response of alfalfa yield to fertilization varied according to the soil type. Organic fertilizer was suitable for application to semi-humid areas, and alfalfa yields increased by 70.1% (P<0.05); this increase rate was much higher than that achieved by chemical fertilizer. Azophoska was suitable for application to humid areas, and alfalfa yields increased by 29.2% (P<0.05). Application of organic fertilizer to soils with low nutrient contents, such as chestnut and loessial soils, significantly improved alfalfa yields by 37.2% and 101.9% (P<0.05), respectively. Compared with other types of fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer increased the yield of alfalfa planted in dark loessial soils the most, and the alfalfa yield increased by 183.0% (P<0.05). The application of combined fertilizer was also suitable for saline fluvo-aquic soil, and alfalfa yields increased by 49.6%-50.9% (P<0.05). This increase rate was much higher than that obtained from single fertilization. The effect of chemical fertilizers on alfalfa yield was not significant when the crop was planted in lime concretion black soil. Our results suggest that fertilization enhances alfalfa yield. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is an optimal strategy for increasing alfalfa yield. This strategy provides a means for farmers to enhance the sustainability of alfalfa systems through fertilization management.

Key words: alfalfa, feritilizer application, yield, meta-analysis

CAI Lu,WANG Linlin,LUO Zhuzhu,LI Lingling,NIU Yining,CAI Liqun,XIE Junhong. Meta-analysis of yield effects of fertilization on alfalfa in China[J].Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(3): 838-848.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Locations of field experiments and kinds of fertilization in the literatures included in this meta-analysis"

序号	试验地点	施肥种类	序号	试验地点	施肥种类
1	北京劳沃草业技术开发中心顺义加工基地	NP、NK、PK、NPK	33	内蒙古土默特左旗沟子板蒙草拉旱苜蓿试验基地	NP、NK、PK、NPK
2	甘肃农垦集团生地湾农场	N;NP、NK、PK、NPK	34	宁夏大学宁夏农垦农科教学合作人才培养基地	N、P、NP
3	甘肃农业大学兰州牧草试验站	P、M、F+M	35	宁夏固原市农业科学研究所头营试验基地	NP、NK、NPK
4	甘肃省定西市安定区凤翔镇丰禾村	N、NP	36	宁夏固原市原州区黄锋堡镇曹堡村	NP、NK、PK、NPK
5	甘肃省定西市李家堡镇麻子川村	N、NP、NK、PK、NPK;P、F+M	37	宁夏回族自治区吴忠市红寺堡区	NPK
6	甘肃省国营八一农场	NP、NK、PK、NPK	38	宁夏农垦局贺兰山茂盛草业有限公司核心试验站	N
7	甘肃省兰州大学黄土高原半干旱生态系统定位研究站	N、P、NP	39	宁夏中部干旱带盐池县四墩子农牧科技研究所基地	P、K、PK
8	甘肃省兰州大学庆阳黄土高原草地农业试验站	N	40	青海省大通县长宁乡王家庄村	N、P、K
9	甘肃省兰州市安宁区甘肃农业大学校园内	N、P、NP;N	41	山东省滨州市无棣县种畜场	P
10	甘肃省兰州市永登县中川镇何家梁村	P、NP	42	山东省农业科学院农营牧草科技示范基地内	NPK
11	甘肃省临夏县尹集镇	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK	43	山东省青岛农业大学胶州高新科技示范园	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK
12	甘肃省张掖市民乐县	M、F+M	44	山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所盐碱地改良试验示范基地	NPK
13	贵州省贵阳市花溪区	P、K、PK	45	山西省山阴县试验地	M
14	贵州省威宁县雪山镇雪山村	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK	46	山西省太原市	N、NP、NPK
15	河北农业大学标本院内	N、F+M	47	陕西省西北农林科技大学农作一站	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK
16	河北省沧州地区南皮县乌马营镇徐郎中村	P	48	陕西省榆林市神木县六道沟小流域	N、P、NP
17	河北省沧州市农林科学院	P、K、PK	49	陕西省长武县十里铺村旱塬	P、F+M
18	河北省沧州市农林科学院前营试验站	NP、NK、PK、NPK	50	四川省西昌市交凉山州畜牧所牧草地	PK
19	河南农业大学科教园区	NPK、F+M	51	四川省西昌市小庙乡	P、K、PK
20	黑龙江省哈尔滨市双城区五家镇	NPK	52	西藏农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所	PK
21	吉林省松原市长岭县三十号乡	M、NPK	53	新疆北疆浅埋式滴灌苜蓿高效节水示范区	N、NP
22	吉林省长春市吉林农业大学实验区	NP、NK、PK、NPK	54	新疆呼图壁县农业部旱生牧草种子基地	NP、NK、PK、NPK
23	内蒙古赤峰综合实验站牧草实验示范基地	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK	55	新疆库尔勒地区大华公司中心农场草料种植基地	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK
24	内蒙古鄂尔多斯毛乌素沙地	N、NPK;N	56	新疆奎屯农124团和131团	N、P、PK、NPK
25	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市鄂托克前旗	NP、NK、PK、NPK	57	新疆农业大学三坪农场牧草与草坪试验站	PK、NPK;NP、NK、PK、NPK
26	内蒙古鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗十二连城乡东不拉村	NP、NK、PK、NPK	58	新疆石河子大学实验站牧草试验田	P
27	内蒙古海拉尔市谢尔塔拉镇呼伦贝尔国家野外站	N	59	新疆石河子垦区的142团	N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK
28	内蒙古呼和浩特市和林格尔县盛乐园区	NP、NK、PK、NPK	60	新疆石河子农业示范园区试验田	P
29	内蒙古呼和浩特市土默特左旗沙尔沁乡	NP、NK、PK、NPK	61	新疆天山畜牧昌吉生物工程有限责任公司榆树沟基地	N、P、K
30	内蒙古科尔沁沙地实验区林西县	M	62	中国科学院植物研究所多伦恢复生态学试验站试验示范基地	N、P
31	内蒙古民族大学试验农场	P	63	中国农业科学院兰州畜牧研究所实验基地	NP、NK、PK、NPK
32	内蒙古农业大学海流图现代农牧业科技园区	NPK	64	中国农业科学院廊坊实验基地	P

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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组别	降雨量				土壤类型
组别	湿润区	半湿润区	半干旱区	干旱区	栗钙土	黑垆土	黄绵土	盐化潮土	砂姜黑土
样本数	168	806	1306	441	575	61	393	129	90

Meta-analysis of yield effects of fertilization on alfalfa in China

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