2001—2018年黄土高原植被覆盖人为影响时空演变及归因分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.01.20

Abstract

Abstract:

The Loess Plateau is one of the four major plateaus in China. It is the most concentrated and largest Loess area on earth, but fragile ecology, which feeds 8.5% of China’s population with 6.7% of the land. The long-term population and economic development pressure have caused severe regional ecosystem degradation. Since the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forest and grassland in 1999, the vegetation construction acceleration has led to significant improvements in the ecological environment. However, the man-made factors and the influence rules of vegetation cover changes on the Loess Plateau still lack several quantitative demonstrations. Therefore, strengthening the quantitative analysis of the human impact on the regional ecological environment will not only promote accurate ecological restoration, but also promotes the construction of human stability, harmony, and happy life, which has important theoretical and practical significance. Based on the MODIS-NDVI and MODIS-LST from 2001 to 2018, as well as various humanistic and social data, such as land use, transportation, and population, this paper constructs the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) to reflect the soil moisture status of the Loess Plateau. The residual method is used to remove soil moisture to express the manmade influence of vegetation cover. The spatiotemporal evolution pattern of the man-made influence is analyzed with trend analysis and the Hurst index. We tend to explore the effect degree of various human factors, influence direction, and their temporal changes on vegetation coverage with geographic detectors and correlation analysis methods on the Loess Plateau. It is hoped to determine the man-made leading factors affecting the vegetation cover changes on the Loess Plateau, and provide a solid basis for the maintenance of the early ecological construction project and the future implementation of farmland to forest project, which will contribute to the healthy and sustainable development of the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau. The results are as follows: (1) The anthropogenic influence of vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau from 2001 to 2018 has a trend of 0.36×10^-2 a^-1, and the impact of human activities on vegetation cover was positive. (2) The future trend of human impact on vegetation cover will change from positive to negative on the Loess Plateau. It is worth noting that the positive effect of vegetation cover will weaken in the key implementation areas of returning farmland to forest. (3) According to the results of correlation analysis and geographical detector, the main human factors affecting vegetation cover change include high-level tourist attractions, urban distribution, transportation, and land use. (4) The future implementation and maintenance of the returning farmland to forest project should pay attention to reinforce ecological construction at the same time as urban economic development, reduce the harm of traffic industry to the ecological environment, strengthen the development of green tourism and slow down the impact of human activities, such as land change.

Key words: human effects of vegetation cover, temperature vegetation dryness index, residual method, geodetector, Loess Plateau

ZHANG Chong,BAI Ziyi,LI Xuemei,RAN Qiqi,WEI Zhenfeng,LEI Tianwang,WANG Na. Spatio-temporal evolution and attribution analysis of human effects of vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau from 2001 to 2018[J].Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(1): 188-196.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

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年份	农业生产总值	城市分布	城市化率	GDP	人口	交通	土地利用	高级别旅游景点
2001	0.144	0.099	0.014	0.004	0.055	0.092	0.316	0.034
2002	0.049	0.141	0.175	0.059	0.079	0.028	0.184	0.222
2003	0.252	0.116	0.077	0.081	0.298	0.163	0.270	0.169
2004	0.080	0.419	0.075	0.037	0.074	0.323	0.294	0.444
2005	0.109	0.478	0.054	0.129	0.144	0.094	0.075	0.387
2006	0.102	0.259	0.081	0.061	0.191	0.179	0.226	0.274
2007	0.114	0.286	0.106	0.073	0.263	0.196	0.204	0.318
2008	0.086	0.230	0.142	0.193	0.049	0.041	0.128	0.085
2009	0.133	0.192	0.112	0.009	0.261	0.017	0.176	0.104
2010	0.209	0.144	0.025	0.031	0.131	0.101	0.108	0.233
2011	0.015	0.218	0.234	0.358	0.005	0.010	0.101	0.307
2012	0.075	0.186	0.040	0.035	0.073	0.082	0.111	0.141
2013	0.177	0.212	0.298	0.172	0.127	0.062	0.288	0.147
2014	0.041	0.154	0.020	0.062	0.164	0.086	0.051	0.159
2015	0.026	0.101	0.211	0.102	0.027	0.100	0.083	0.018
2016	0.072	0.187	0.347	0.217	0.268	0.042	0.133	0.216
2017	0.193	0.312	0.048	0.079	0.421	0.370	0.486	0.405
2018	0.293	0.767	0.132	0.051	0.335	0.371	0.465	0.838

年份	农业生产总值	城市分布	城市化率	GDP	人口	交通	土地利用	高级别旅游景点
2001	-0.0916	-0.0325	-0.0916	-0.0018	-0.0019	-0.0433	-0.3393	0.0399
2002	-0.0301	-0.3178	-0.0301	-0.0019	-0.0019	0.0124	-0.1663	-0.2053
2003	-0.0282	0.2096	-0.0282	0.0048	0.0047	0.6090	0.4208	0.4938
2004	-0.0043	0.8979	-0.0043	0.0019	0.0019	0.8984	0.6714	0.9546
2005	-0.0220	0.9328	-0.0220	0.0020	0.0020	0.5165	0.1535	0.8712
2006	-0.0391	0.4924	-0.0391	-0.0004	-0.0004	0.4684	0.3600	0.7261
2007	0.0348	0.5941	0.0348	0.0057	0.0057	0.7261	0.4853	0.7926
2008	0.0445	0.0980	0.0445	0.0000	0.0000	0.3772	-0.0543	0.3395
2009	0.0559	0.2770	0.0559	0.0000	0.0000	-0.0830	0.0809	0.2743
2010	-0.0519	0.4562	-0.0519	0.0015	0.0015	0.4878	0.1628	0.5610
2011	0.0195	0.7441	-0.0195	-0.0011	-0.0011	0.0713	0.4982	0.4707
2012	0.0638	-0.3472	0.0638	0.0051	0.0051	v0.2916	-0.1162	-0.3403
2013	0.0903	-0.1513	0.0903	0.0026	0.0027	-0.2406	0.2518	-0.3454
2014	0.0513	-0.2500	0.0513	-0.0022	-0.0021	-0.2631	-0.1474	-0.2518
2015	-0.0122	0.1400	-0.0122	-0.0087	-0.0087	-0.1198	-0.0199	0.0218
2016	0.0277	-0.3796	0.0277	0.0073	0.0073	-0.1733	-0.2952	-0.4002
2017	0.0300	-0.3784	0.0300	-0.0027	-0.0027	-0.4805	-0.2563	-0.5774
2018	0.0498	-0.8808	0.0498	-0.0022	-0.0022	-0.6251	-0.3718	-0.9327

Spatio-temporal evolution and attribution analysis of human effects of vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau from 2001 to 2018

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[13]	TIAN Darui,TANG Hao,TAN Jingbin. Suitable spatial patterns for settlements in hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi: A case of Donggou, Mizhi County [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 263-276.
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