农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调度及其乡村振兴影响效应——基于西部地区的实证

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.170

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农村公共服务与乡村旅游协同共进对推进乡村振兴实现具有重要意义，但学界鲜见针对两者耦合协调发展的研究。基于农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调对乡村振兴的影响效应机理，运用耦合协调度模型、重心和标准差椭圆模型和空间计量模型定量测度2010—2023年西部地区农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调度的时空特征及对乡村振兴的影响和空间溢出效应。结果表明：（1）西部地区农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调度逐年递增，耦合协调水平由极度失调转向中级协调，空间上呈现“南部、西北部高，东北部低”的不均衡分异格局。（2）耦合协调度重心呈向西南方向迁移态势，标准差椭圆始终呈“西北—东南”方向格局且呈先集聚后分散态势。（3）农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调度对乡村振兴具有显著的正向影响且存在空间溢出效应。研究结果可为两者高质量协同发展及区域整体乡村振兴提供理论依据与决策参考。

关键词: 农村公共服务, 乡村旅游, 乡村振兴, 耦合协调度, 空间溢出效应, 西部地区

Abstract:

While the synergistic development of rural public services and rural tourism is critical for advancing rural revitalization, academic research focusing on coupling coordinated development between these two domains remains notably scarce. This study analyzes coupling coordination between rural public services and rural tourism and its impact on rural revitalization, This study uses methods including the coupling coordination degree model, the gravity center and standard deviation ellipse model, and spatial econometric models to quantitatively measure the spatiotemporal characteristics of the coupling coordination degree between the two in western China from 2010 to 2023, as well as their impacts and spatial spillover effects on rural revitalization. The findings reveal that the coupling coordination between rural public services and rural tourism in western China has increased year by year, with the overall level shifting from extreme disorder to intermediate coordination, and presenting a spatial differentiation pattern of high coupling coordination in the south and northwest, and low in the northeast. The gravity center of the coupling coordination degree exhibited a southwestward migration trend, while the standard deviation ellipse consistently maintained a northwest-southeast orientation, demonstrating a trend of first clustering and then dispersing. Furthermore, the degree of coupling coordination has a significant positive impact on rural revitalization and exhibits spatial spillover effects. The research findings can provide a theoretical basis and policy recommendations for the coordinated development of the two aspects and the region’s overall rural revitalization.

Key words: rural public services, rural tourism, rural revitalization, coupling coordination degree, spatial spillover effect, western China

欧开航, 方世巧, 程乾, 周徐帆. 农村公共服务与乡村旅游耦合协调度及其乡村振兴影响效应——基于西部地区的实证[J]. 干旱区地理, 2026, 49(2): 404-415.

OU Kaihang, FANG Shiqiao, CHENG Qian, ZHOU Xufan. Coupling coordination degree of rural public services and rural tourism and its rural revitalization influence effect: Based on the empirical evidence in western China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(2): 404-415.

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系统层	子系统层	具体指标	权重	属性
农村公共服务	基础设施	每万人农村卫生厕所数/个	0.079	+
		人均道路面积/m²	0.067	+
		农村供水普及率/%	0.027	+
	基础教育	农村小学师生比/%	0.055	+
	基础教育	农村初中师生比/%	0.040	+
	医疗卫生	每万人农村卫生人员数/个	0.037	+
	医疗卫生	每万人农村卫生室数/个	0.022	+
	环境保护	农村生活垃圾处理投入占比/%	0.081	+
		农村绿地率/%	0.058	+
		农村污水处理投入占比/%	0.161	+
	娱乐文化	每万人农村文化站数/个	0.016	+
		每万人农村文艺活动次数/次	0.071	+
		每万人农村举办展览次数/次	0.040	+
	社会保障	农村居民最低生活保障平均标准/元	0.052	+
	社会保障	参加社会养老保险农村居民人数/10⁴人	0.075	+
	数字化	每万人农村宽带接入用户数/户	0.105	+
	数字化	农村居民家庭平均每百户移动电话拥有量/部	0.014	+
乡村旅游	发展水平	国内旅游收入/10⁸元	0.157	+
		国内旅游人次/10⁸人	0.136	+
		乡村居民人均收入/元	0.065	+
	资源基础	A级景区/个	0.075	+
		中国美丽休闲乡村/个	0.182	+
		国家“一村一品”示范村镇/个	0.099	+
	支撑条件	旅行社数/个	0.061	+
		旅游从业人员数/人	0.126	+
		公路旅客周转量/10⁸人·km^-1	0.099	+

系统层	子系统层	具体指标	权重	属性
乡村振兴	产业兴旺	乡村人均农林牧渔产值/元	0.124	+
	产业兴旺	乡村人均第一产业增加值/元	0.123	+
	生态宜居	化肥使用强度	0.054	-
	生态宜居	绿化覆盖率/%	0.123	+
	乡风文明	乡村消费教育文化娱乐支出占比/%	0.087	+
	乡风文明	乡村15岁以上人口文盲率/%	0.029	-
	治理有效	村庄建设投入/10⁴元	0.223	+
	治理有效	城乡收入差距	0.063	-
	生活富裕	乡村恩格尔系数	0.059	-
	生活富裕	乡村人均消费支出/元	0.115	+

年份	重心坐标	椭圆方位角/(°)	椭圆面积/10⁴ km²	长半轴/km	短半轴/km
2010	103.84°E，33.38°N	150.117	288.73	1132.066	811.890
2014	103.76°E，33.42°N	150.756	283.49	1119.981	805.764
2018	103.79°E，33.26°N	151.404	273.63	1108.168	786.020
2023	103.61°E，33.30°N	150.392	279.89	1122.826	793.502

变量	VIF检验		LLC检验	Hadri LM检验	空间计量模型选择检验	统计量
变量	VIF	1/VIF	统计量	统计量	空间计量模型选择检验	统计量
lnRR	-	-	-3.916^***	8.673^***	莫兰指数	8.705^***
lnD	2.58	0.387267	-1.528^*	10.573^***	空间误差拉格朗日乘数检验	4.589^**
lnFdi	1.97	0.507015	-4.302^***	8.247^***	空间滞后拉格朗日乘数检验	10.069^**
lnIs	1.39	0.719407	-2.388^***	12.888^***	空间误差稳健的拉格朗日乘数检验	11.570^***
lnLand	3.47	0.288280	-2.453^***	12.350^***	空间滞后稳健的拉格朗日乘数检验	17.051^***
VIF均值	2.35	-	-	-	空间误差似然比检验	32.07^***
					空间滞后似然比检验	21.54^***
					空间误差沃尔德检验	7.88^*
					空间误差沃尔德检验	7.80^*
					豪斯曼检验	26.27^**
					个体固定效应检验	14.79^*
					时间固定效应检验	122.43^***

变量/参数	OLS		SEM		SLM		SDM
变量/参数	系数	P值	系数	P值	系数	P值	系数	P值
lnD	0.820^***（9.92）	0.000	0.939^***（11.41）	0.000	0.700^***（7.56）	0.000	0.356^**（2.48）	0.013
lnFdi	-0.054^***（-4.30）	0.000	-0.001（-0.08）	0.938	-0.001（-0.05）	0.961	0.009（0.68）	0.498
lnIs	0.077（0.42）	0.674	-0.041（-0.28）	0.782	-0.225（-1.56）	0.118	-0.485^***（-2.78）	0.005
lnLand	0.100^***（3.09）	0.002	0.124^**（2.35）	0.019	0.087（1.76）	0.078	0.028（0.58）	0.561
W*lnD	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.361^**（1.99）	0.046
W*lnFdi	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.052^**（2.39）	0.017
W*lnIs	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.573^**（2.20）	0.028
W*lnLand	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.093（1.34）	0.179
空间误差回归系数（λ）	-	-	0.190^*（1.94）	0.052	-	-	-	-
空间自回归系数（ρ）	-	-	-	-	0.321^***（3.98）	0.000	0.224^**（2.45）	0.014
拟合优度（R²）	0.716	-	0.879	-	0.885	-	0.901	-
对数似然值（LogL）	-	-	130.314	-	135.577	-	146.347	-