陕西省新型城镇化与乡村振兴耦合性实证研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新型城镇化带动乡村振兴，乡村振兴反哺新型城镇化，新型城镇化与乡村振兴相互促进、相互协调，共同推动中国式现代化的建设和发展。以陕西省10个地级市为研究对象，分别建立新型城镇化与乡村振兴发展水平测度指标体系，采用熵值法分别测算2010—2021年两者发展水平，利用耦合协调模型测算分析耦合性，并在此基础上提出有针对性的对策建议。结果表明：（1） 2010—2021年陕西省各地级市新型城镇化与乡村振兴发展水平综合得分均呈递增趋势。（2） 2021年陕西省各地级市新型城镇化发展水平综合得分排名前三的是西安市、榆林市、宝鸡市，排名后三位的分别是汉中市、铜川市、安康市；乡村振兴发展水平综合得分排名前三的是：榆林市、商洛市、渭南市，排名后三位的分别是：铜川市、咸阳市、宝鸡市。（3） 2021年全省耦合协调度指数达到了较高程度耦合标准，实现基本协调。此外，西安市和榆林市达到了高度耦合，实现高度协调。

关键词: 新型城镇化, 乡村振兴, 耦合性, 陕西省

Abstract:

New urbanization drives rural revitalization, and in turn, rural revitalization enhances new urbanization. These processes are interdependent, mutually reinforcing, and crucial to China’s modernization and development. This study selects ten cities in Shaanxi Province to investigate the development levels of new urbanization and rural revitalization from 2010 to 2021. Utilizing the entropy weight method, the project measures the development levels of these phenomena and employs a coupling-collaboration model to assess their interrelationship. Moreover, it proposes appropriate policies and measures. The results indicate a consistent upward trend in the comprehensive scores of new urbanization and rural revitalization across the studied cities during this period. In 2021, Xi’an City, Yulin City, and Baoji City ranked the highest in new urbanization development, while Hanzhong City, Tongchuan City, and Ankang City ranked the lowest. Conversely, Yulin City, Shangluo City, and Weinan City achieved the top scores in rural revitalization, whereas Tongchuan City, Xianyang City, and Baoji City had the lowest scores. The coupling degree and coordination across the province generally met the criteria for a high coupling degree in 2021, with Xi’an City and Yulin City exhibiting a strong degree of coupling and collaboration.

Key words: new urbanization, rural revitalization, coupling, Shaanxi Province

刘苗苗, 吴卫东. 陕西省新型城镇化与乡村振兴耦合性实证研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(8): 1420-1430.

LIU Miaomiao, WU Weidong. Empirical study of the coupling of new urbanization and rural revitalization in Shaanxi Province[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(8): 1420-1430.

图/表 8

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

表4

图4

参考文献 27

[1]	中国网推荐. 中国城镇化这十年: 从大城到小县均得到发展[EB/OL]. [2022-10-19]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1747044070887257940&wfr=spider&for=pc.
	[Recommended by China Net. In the past decade: Urbanization in China has developed from large cities to small counties[EB/OL]. [2022-10-19]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1747044070887257940&wfr=spider&for=pc.]
[2]	中共中央国务院印发《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022年)》[J]. 中华人民共和国国务院公报, 2018(29): 9-47.
	[The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council issues the “Rural revitalization strategy plan (2018—2022)”[J]. Gazatte of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, 2018(29): 9-47.]
[3]	韩庆祥. 党的二十大报告的总体内容及其逻辑——党的二十大报告精神解读[J]. 马克思主义研究, 2022(11): 24-33.
	[Han Qingxiang. The general content of the report of the 20^th national congress of the CPC: Logic-interpretation of the spirit of the report of the 20^th national congress of the CPC[J]. Marxist Research, 2022(11): 24-33.]
[4]	俞淼. 乡村振兴和新型城镇化深度融合: 机理与进路[J]. 理论导刊, 2023(2): 58-64.
	[Yu Miao. The deep integration of rural revitalization and new urbanization: Mechanism and approach[J]. Theoretical Introduction, 2023(2): 58-64.]
[5]	刘依杭. 新时代乡村振兴和新型城镇化协调发展研究[J]. 区域经济评论, 2021(3): 58-65.
	[Liu Yihang. Research on the coordinated development of rural revitalization and new urbanization in the new era[J]. Regional Economic Review, 2021(3): 58-65.]
[6]	杨佩卿. 新型城镇化和乡村振兴协同推进路径探析——基于陕西实践探索的案例[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版), 2022, 22(1): 34-45.
	[Yang Peiqing. Analysis on the collaborative promotion path of new-style urbanization and rural revitalization: A case study based on practical exploration in Shaanxi[J]. Journal of Northwest A & F University (Social Sciences Edition), 2022, 22(1): 34-45.]
[7]	刘双双, 段进军. 协调推进乡村振兴与新型城镇化: 内在机理、驱动机制和实践路径[J]. 南京社会科学, 2021(11): 47-55.
	[Liu Shuangshuang, Duan Jinjun. Coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and new urbanization: Realistic background, theoretical basis and driving mechanism[J]. Nanjing Social Sciences, 2021(11): 47-55.]
[8]	张海朋, 何仁伟, 李光勤, 等. 大都市区城乡融合系统耦合协调度时空演化及其影响因素——以环首都地区为例[J]. 经济地理, 2020, 40(11): 56-67.
	[Zhang Haipeng, He Renwei, Li Guangqin, et al. Spatiotemporal evolution of coupling coordination degree of urban-rural integration system in metropolitan area and its influencing factors: Taking the capital region as an example[J]. Economic Geography, 2020, 40(11): 56-67.]
[9]	李俊蓉, 林荣日. 乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度的测度与影响因素研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2477-2489. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221598
	[Li Junrong, Lin Rongri. Measurement and influencing factors of coupling coordination degree between rural revitalization and new urbanization in China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2477-2489.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221598
[10]	徐雪, 王永瑜. 甘肃省新型城镇化与乡村振兴协调水平及其影响因素[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(5): 1-13. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00136
	[Xu Xue, Wang Yongyu. Measurement of coordination level between new urbanization and rural revitalization in Gansu Province and its influencing factors[J]. Chinese Desert, 2022, 42(5): 1-13.]
[11]	尹君锋, 石培基, 黄万状, 等. 甘肃省县域乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调发展的时空分异特征及影响因素[J]. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(8): 2148-2168. doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20230814
	[Yin Junfeng, Shi Peiji, Huang Wanzhuang, et al. Spatio temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of coupling coordinated development of rural revitalization and new urbanization at the county level in Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2023, 38(8): 2148-2168.] doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20230814
[12]	徐维祥, 李露, 刘程军. 乡村振兴与新型城镇化的战略耦合——机理阐释及实现路径研究[J]. 浙江工业大学学报(社会科学版), 2019, 18(1): 47-55.
	[Xu Weixiang, Li Lu, Liu Chengjun. Strategic coupling mechanism and realization path of rural revitalization and new urbanization[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition), 2019, 18(1): 47-55.]
[13]	陈丽莎. 论新型城镇化战略对实现乡村振兴战略的带动作用[J]. 云南社会科学, 2018(6): 97-102.
	[Chen Lisa. On the driving role of the new urbanization strategy in realizing the rural revitalization strategy[J]. Yunnan Social Sciences, 2018(6): 97-102.]
[14]	陕西省人民政府官网. 2022年陕西省国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL]. [2023-04-19]. http://www.shaanxi.gov.cn/xw/sxyw/202303/t20230327_2279749_wap.html.
	[Official website of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government. Statistical bulletin on national economic and social development of Shaanxi Province in 2022[EB/OL]. [2023-04-19]. http://www.shaanxi.gov.cn/xw/sxyw/202303/t20230327_2279749_wap.html.]
[15]	唐未兵, 唐谭岭. 中部地区新型城镇化和金融支持的耦合作用研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2017(3): 140-151.
	[Tang Weibing, Tang Tanling. Study on the coupling effect between new urbanization development and financial support in the central provinces’ cities[J]. Chinese Soft Science, 2017(3): 140-151.]
[16]	邹亚锋, 张倩, 饶钰飞, 等. 中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平演化研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(4): 636-648.
	[Zou Yafeng, Zhang Qian, Rao Yufei, et al. Evolution of new urbanization of provincial capitals in western China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(4): 636-648.]
[17]	张挺, 李闽榕, 徐艳梅. 乡村振兴评价指标体系构建与实证研究[J]. 管理世界, 2018, 34(8): 99-105.
	[Zhang Ting, Li Minrong, Xu Yanmei. The construction and empirical study of rural revitalization evaluation index system[J]. Managing the World, 2018, 34(8): 99-105.]
[18]	孟晓, 田明华, 杜磊, 等. 中国农业农村现代化发展水平测度及其协调性研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(1): 137-146.
	[Meng Xiao, Tian Minghua, Du Lei, et al. Measurement and its coordination of the development level of agricultural and rural modernization in China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(1): 137-146.
[19]	汪大海, 周昕皓, 韩天慧, 等. 新型城镇化进程中产业支撑问题思考[J]. 宏观经济管理, 2013(8): 46-47.
	[Wang Dahai, Zhou Xinhao, Han Tianhui, et al. Reflections on industrial support in the process of new urbanization[J]. Macroeconomic Management, 2013 (8): 46-47.]
[20]	马广兴. 河南新型城镇化与乡村振兴耦合性分析[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2020, 41(3): 103-112.
	[Ma Guangxing. Coupling analysis of new urbanization and rural revitalization in Henan[J]. Agricultural Resources and Regionalization in China, 2020, 41(3): 103-112.]
[21]	朱悦. 农村新型城镇化路径特征及发展对策研究[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2019.
	[Zhu Yue. Research on the characteristics and development strategies of rural new urbanization path[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2019.]
[22]	余兴福. 陕南新型城镇化高质量发展路径探析——以安康市紫阳县为例[J]. 新西部, 2024(1): 87-90.
	[Yu Xingfu. An analysis of the high quality development path of new urbanization in southern Shaanxi: A case study of Ziyang County[J]. New West, 2024(1): 87-90.]
[23]	常婧. 乡村振兴背景下的人才流失现状分析及对策建议[J]. 农家参谋, 2022(10): 32-34.
	[Chang Jing. Analysis of the current situation of talent loss in the background of rural revitalization and suggestions for countermeasures[J]. Rural Staff Officer, 2022(10): 32-34.]
[24]	白雪. 服务型政府视角下宝鸡地方政府提供村通客车服务问题研究[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2023.
	[Bai Xue. A study on the provision of village-bus service by local governments in Baoji from the perspective of service-oriented government[D]. Xi’an: Northwestern University, 2023.]
[25]	段宇航. 乡村振兴战略背景下农村干部队伍建设研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2020.
	[Duan Yuhang. Research on the construction of rural cadres under the background of rural revitalization strategy: Taking district a in Baoji City as an example[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2020.]
[26]	许彩玲, 李建建. 城乡融合发展的科学内涵与实现路径——基于马克思主义城乡关系理论的思考[J]. 经济学家, 2019(1): 96-103.
	[Xu Cailing, Li Jianjian. The scientific connotation and implementation path of urban rural integration development: Based on Marxist Theory of urban rural relations[J]. Economist Geography, 2019(1): 96-103.]
[27]	孙杰, 于明辰, 甄峰, 等. 新型城镇化与乡村振兴协调发展评估——浙江省案例[J]. 经济地理, 2023, 43(2): 115-123. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2023.02.012
	[Sun Jie, Yu Mingcheng, Zhen Feng, et al. Evaluation of the performance of coordinated development between new-type urbanization and rural revitalization: A case study of Zhejiang Province[J]. Economist Geography, 2023, 43(2): 115-123.]

目标层	指标类型	具体指标	指标属性
新型城镇化	产业经济城镇化	人均GDP/元	正向
		人均财政收入/元·人^-1	正向
		城镇居民人均可支配收入/元·人^-1	正向
		第三产业产值比重/%	正向
	生态环境城镇化	人均公园绿地面积/m²·人^-1	正向
		城镇生活垃圾清运量/10⁴ t	正向
		城镇污水集中处理率/%	正向
	社会服务城镇化	互联网宽带接入用户数/10³户	正向
		城镇医疗服务水平/床位·(10⁴人)^-1	正向
		城镇人口人均建设用地/m²·人^-1	负向
		普通高等学校在校学生数/10⁴人	正向
	人口城镇化	常住人口城镇化率/%	正向
	人口城镇化	第三产业从业人员比重/%	正向
	城乡一体化	城乡居民人均收入比/%	负向
	城乡一体化	城乡居民人均消费比/%	负向
乡村振兴	产业兴旺	乡村人均农业机械总动力/kW	正向
	产业兴旺	农业劳动生产率/%	正向
	生态宜居	乡村卫生厕所覆盖率/%	正向
		乡村绿化率/%	正向
		畜禽粪污综合利用率/%	正向
	乡风文明	乡村人均受教育年限/a	正向
		乡村教育文化娱乐支出比/%	正向
		乡村义务教育学校专任教师本科以上学历比例/%	正向
	生活富裕	乡村人均纯收入/元	正向
		乡村居民恩格尔系数/%	负向
		乡村每百户汽车拥有量/辆	正向
	治理有效	乡村人均道路面积/m²	正向
	治理有效	乡村每千人卫生技术人数/人	正向

取值范围	等级	协调类型
D=0.0	无序发展	严重失调
0.0<D≤0.4	低程度耦合	严重失调
0.4<D≤0.5	中度耦合	基本失调
0.5<D≤0.8	较高程度耦合	基本协调
0.8<D<1.0	高度耦合	高度协调
D=1.0	极度耦合	高度协调

地区	得分
地区	产业经济城镇化	生态环境城镇化	社会服务城镇化	人口城镇化	城乡一体化	综合
西安市	0.2500	0.1281	0.1314	0.1502	0.0715	0.7358
铜川市	0.1357	0.1491	0.0042	0.0711	0.0018	0.3725
宝鸡市	0.1478	0.0827	0.0650	0.0777	0.1034	0.4803
咸阳市	0.1239	0.0513	0.0722	0.1414	0.0314	0.4122
渭南市	0.1200	0.0399	0.0747	0.0599	0.1044	0.4022
延安市	0.1676	0.0250	0.0444	0.0819	0.0831	0.4120
汉中市	0.1219	0.0497	0.0610	0.0662	0.0810	0.3842
榆林市	0.2068	0.0671	0.0654	0.0396	0.1196	0.4985
安康市	0.1062	0.0902	0.0510	0.0544	0.0664	0.3688
商洛市	0.0457	0.1156	0.0370	0.0949	0.0984	0.3773

地区	得分
地区	产业兴旺	生态宜居	乡风文明	生活富裕	治理有效	综合
西安市	0.1325	0.1557	0.1537	0.0705	0.1171	0.6295
铜川市	0.0701	0.1108	0.1161	0.0079	0.1233	0.4282
宝鸡市	0.0510	0.0836	0.1588	0.0251	0.0452	0.3637
咸阳市	0.0031	0.1100	0.1222	0.0456	0.0892	0.3701
渭南市	0.1286	0.1518	0.1704	0.1115	0.2461	0.8084
延安市	0.1067	0.1121	0.1448	0.0449	0.0955	0.5039
汉中市	0.0798	0.1110	0.1458	0.0539	0.1197	0.5101
榆林市	0.1034	0.2326	0.2322	0.1444	0.2315	0.9441
安康市	0.0555	0.1749	0.0316	0.0718	0.1813	0.5151
商洛市	0.1367	0.1537	0.4596	0.0612	0.0955	0.9067