塔里木河中下游水分干扰对胡杨林群落物种多样性的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨水分干扰对胡杨群落物种多样性的影响，以塔里木河（简称塔河）中下游胡杨林群落物种的实测数据为基础，选用群落物种多样性指数和相似性指数，对塔河中下游输水干扰后的样地和对照样地进行分析、研究。结果表明：（1）研究区内胡杨群落共包括14科、27属、27种，其中对照样地内植物物种数为11种，生态输水干扰的样地内植物物种数增长15种，总共26种；（2）对照样地和输水干扰样地Patrick丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数变化趋势不同，Pielou均匀度指数与Simpson多样性指数、Patrick丰富度指数相反，自中游到下游，物种多样性指数表现出差异，表明胡杨林物种在输水干扰后发生变化；（3）群落相似性比较表明，对照样地内胡杨群落相似性为中、下游临界点 > 下游 > 中游，对照样地与输水干扰样地相比，群落相似性结果相反。综上分析，认为水分干扰是影响塔河中下游胡杨群落物种多样性驱动因素。

关键词: 胡杨, 生态输水, 多样性, 相似性

Abstract: To investigate the effect of the water disturbance on community diversity of Populus euphratica in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang, China, by using the diversity index and community similarity index, this paper studied the community diversity of Populus euphratica before and after the ecological water conveyance in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River. The results show as follows:(1) the Populus euphratica communities within the study area include a total of 14 families, 27 genera and 27 species, giving priority to those with resistant to cold, drought and salt;(2) the diversity of community shows that, Patrick richness index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index have different changing trends, and Pielou evenness index is contrast with McIntosh diversity index and Patrick rich index; the same kind of diversity indices are significantly different before and after the ecological water conveyance from midstream to downstream of Tarim River, so the main factor affecting the community diversity of Populus euphratica is water disturbance;(3) the community similarity comparison shows that, the similarity of Populus euphratica community before ecological water conveyance, from high to low, ranks as:the critical point of the middle and lower reaches, the downstream community, and the upstream community; while the similarity of Populus euphratica community after ecological water conveyance ranks inversely. So water is the main factor affecting the similarity of community. The results of community similarity comparison and community diversity analysis are basically consistent, the water factor is the dominant factor of the Tarim River Populus euphratica communities. The water disturbance is the dominant factor affecting the species, diversity, and similarity of Populus euphratica communities in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River.

Key words: Populus euphratica, ecological water conveyance, diversity, similarity

中图分类号:

Q948.16

王蕾, 罗磊, 刘鹏, 胡东宇, 高亚琪. 塔里木河中下游水分干扰对胡杨林群落物种多样性的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2016, 39(6): 1275-1281.

WANG Lei, LUO Lei, LIU Peng, HU Dong-yu, GAO Ya-qi. Biodiversity of Populus euphratica communities under water disturbance in middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River[J]. , 2016, 39(6): 1275-1281.

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