干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1320-1331.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.533 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2021533
• 区域发展 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2021-11-12
修回日期:
2022-01-14
出版日期:
2022-07-25
发布日期:
2022-08-11
作者简介:
王钰凯(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事产业经济研究. E-mail: 基金资助:
Received:
2021-11-12
Revised:
2022-01-14
Published:
2022-07-25
Online:
2022-08-11
摘要:
为揭示新疆旅游业生态效率的时序变化、空间差异及来源、动态演进和收敛性情况,运用非期望产出的强有效前沿最近距离(MinDS)模型测度其效率水平,使用ArcGIS技术、Dagum基尼系数及其分解方法和核密度估计等工具探究2005—2019年其时空分异格局,并构建收敛模型验证其空间收敛性。结果表明:新疆旅游业生态效率呈现出波动稳定上升的“北高南低”的时空分布演化格局,存在β绝对收敛、β条件收敛和俱乐部收敛现象且条件收敛速度显著快于绝对收敛。近15 a新疆各地州市处于Ⅰ级所占比例趋于升高,整体基尼系数存在周期性、波动性特点,区域间差异是旅游业生态效率空间差异的主要来源。新疆整体和北疆的旅游业生态效率存在绝对差异缩小和两极分化特征,而南疆和东疆各区域存在绝对差异扩大趋势。因此,未来协调南疆、北疆和东疆各区域内的旅游业生态效率是实现新疆整体旅游业高质量发展的工作重心。
王钰凯,郭辉. 新疆旅游业生态效率时空分异与收敛性研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(4): 1320-1331.
WANG Yukai,GUO Hui. Spatial and temporal differentiation and convergence studies of the eco-efficiency of Xinjiang tourism industry[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(4): 1320-1331.
表2
2005—2019年新疆旅游业生态效率测算结果"
年份 | 乌鲁木齐市 | 克拉玛依市 | 吐鲁番市 | 哈密市 | 昌吉州 | 伊犁州直 | 塔城地区 | 阿勒泰地区 | 博州 | 巴州 | 阿克苏地区 | 克州 | 喀什地区 | 和田地区 | 均值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 0.722 | 0.033 | 0.236 | 0.160 | 0.011 | 0.419 | 0.097 | 0.285 | 0.012 | 0.188 | 0.288 | 0.092 | 0.179 | 0.162 | 0.197 |
2006 | 1.013 | 0.016 | 0.268 | 0.184 | 0.029 | 0.317 | 0.150 | 0.380 | 0.022 | 0.323 | 0.523 | 0.086 | 0.170 | 0.080 | 0.223 |
2007 | 1.033 | 0.037 | 1.076 | 0.175 | 0.003 | 0.412 | 0.068 | 1.088 | 0.023 | 0.496 | 0.796 | 0.089 | 0.212 | 0.086 | 0.347 |
2008 | 1.127 | 0.028 | 0.403 | 0.203 | 0.003 | 0.388 | 0.112 | 0.573 | 0.036 | 0.573 | 0.973 | 0.098 | 0.169 | 0.090 | 0.274 |
2009 | 0.446 | 0.016 | 0.241 | 0.098 | 0.005 | 0.218 | 0.055 | 0.081 | 0.016 | 0.105 | 0.105 | 0.061 | 0.161 | 0.083 | 0.116 |
2010 | 1.108 | 0.031 | 0.207 | 0.109 | 0.018 | 1.213 | 0.172 | 0.089 | 0.122 | 0.178 | 0.178 | 0.182 | 0.221 | 0.103 | 0.270 |
2011 | 1.113 | 0.024 | 0.325 | 0.125 | 0.075 | 1.108 | 0.283 | 0.143 | 0.215 | 0.091 | 0.091 | 0.129 | 0.225 | 0.157 | 0.291 |
2012 | 1.131 | 0.044 | 0.300 | 0.144 | 0.146 | 0.856 | 0.279 | 0.215 | 0.224 | 0.152 | 0.152 | 0.095 | 0.287 | 0.155 | 0.285 |
2013 | 1.083 | 0.046 | 0.116 | 0.163 | 0.143 | 1.298 | 0.327 | 0.399 | 0.227 | 0.143 | 0.143 | 0.136 | 0.253 | 0.074 | 0.312 |
2014 | 0.655 | 0.057 | 0.088 | 0.124 | 0.136 | 1.219 | 0.277 | 0.199 | 0.214 | 0.110 | 0.110 | 0.084 | 0.390 | 0.035 | 0.244 |
2015 | 1.064 | 0.049 | 0.084 | 0.121 | 0.152 | 1.082 | 0.285 | 0.239 | 0.241 | 0.109 | 0.109 | 0.088 | 0.376 | 0.031 | 0.276 |
2016 | 0.806 | 0.088 | 0.130 | 0.038 | 0.112 | 0.692 | 0.304 | 0.381 | 0.335 | 0.119 | 0.119 | 0.142 | 0.308 | 0.043 | 0.257 |
2017 | 1.084 | 0.098 | 0.173 | 0.102 | 0.212 | 0.834 | 0.372 | 0.670 | 0.358 | 0.203 | 0.203 | 0.158 | 0.282 | 0.015 | 0.338 |
2018 | 1.160 | 0.108 | 0.446 | 0.026 | 1.087 | 1.154 | 0.117 | 1.186 | 0.197 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.146 | 0.318 | 0.016 | 0.437 |
2019 | 0.785 | 0.113 | 0.437 | 0.226 | 1.034 | 1.084 | 0.291 | 1.203 | 0.397 | 0.267 | 0.867 | 0.131 | 0.235 | 0.131 | 0.465 |
均值 | 0.955 | 0.053 | 0.302 | 0.133 | 0.211 | 0.820 | 0.212 | 0.475 | 0.176 | 0.206 | 0.313 | 0.115 | 0.252 | 0.084 | 0.317 |
排名 | 1 | 14 | 5 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 12 | 6 | 13 | - |
表3
新疆旅游业生态效率Dagum基尼系数及其分解"
年份 | 总体 | 区域内 | 贡献率/% | 区域间 | 贡献率/% | 超变密度 | 贡献率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 0.4499 | 0.1811 | 40.25 | 0.0517 | 11.50 | 0.2171 | 48.25 |
2006 | 0.4981 | 0.2068 | 41.51 | 0.0430 | 8.63 | 0.2483 | 49.85 |
2007 | 0.5466 | 0.2025 | 37.04 | 0.1007 | 18.43 | 0.2434 | 44.53 |
2008 | 0.5324 | 0.2140 | 40.19 | 0.0455 | 8.55 | 0.2729 | 51.26 |
2009 | 0.4673 | 0.1762 | 37.70 | 0.0822 | 17.59 | 0.2089 | 44.70 |
2010 | 0.5423 | 0.2221 | 40.96 | 0.2030 | 37.43 | 0.1172 | 21.61 |
2011 | 0.5179 | 0.2057 | 39.72 | 0.2365 | 45.67 | 0.0756 | 14.61 |
2012 | 0.4406 | 0.1779 | 40.38 | 0.2018 | 45.80 | 0.0609 | 13.83 |
2013 | 0.5035 | 0.1945 | 38.62 | 0.2759 | 54.79 | 0.0332 | 6.59 |
2014 | 0.5183 | 0.2068 | 39.89 | 0.2532 | 48.85 | 0.0583 | 11.25 |
2015 | 0.5304 | 0.2021 | 38.10 | 0.2794 | 52.68 | 0.0489 | 9.22 |
2016 | 0.4511 | 0.1576 | 34.94 | 0.2640 | 58.52 | 0.0295 | 6.54 |
2017 | 0.4464 | 0.1538 | 34.44 | 0.2668 | 59.77 | 0.0258 | 5.78 |
2018 | 0.5623 | 0.1706 | 30.34 | 0.3456 | 61.47 | 0.0460 | 8.19 |
2019 | 0.4030 | 0.1430 | 35.47 | 0.1819 | 45.14 | 0.0781 | 19.38 |
均值 | 0.4940 | 0.1876 | 37.97 | 0.1888 | 38.32 | 0.1176 | 23.71 |
表5
新疆旅游业生态效率的收敛性回归结果及稳健性检验"
回归变量 控制效应 统计描述 | | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绝对收敛 (模型1) | 条件收敛 (模型2) | 俱乐部收敛 (模型3) | 绝对收敛 (模型4) | 条件收敛 (模型5) | 俱乐部收敛 (模型6) | |
| -0.0310*** (0.0074) | -0.0308*** (0.0099) | -0.0309*** (0.0074) | -0.0296*** (0.0076) | -0.0291*** (0.0077) | -0.0295*** (0.0076) |
人口数量 | 0.0010*** (0.0006) | 0.0010*** (0.0006) | 0.0014*** (0.0006) | |||
人均公园面积 | -0.0065* (0.0047) | -0.0073 (0.0049) | -0.0068** (0.0047) | |||
水资源总量 | -0.0003** (0.009) | -0.0006* (0.001) | 0.0001** (0.001) | |||
年固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
地区固定效应 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
城市固定效应 | 否 | 是 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 否 |
Constant | 0.2153*** | 0.9698** | 0.4033** | 0.1578* | 0.7197* | 0.2151** |
(0.0885) | (0.0542) | (0.1059) | (0.1382) | (0.2839) | (0.1460) | |
观测值 | 196 | 196 | 196 | 196 | 196 | 196 |
R2 | 0.1919 | 0.6482 | 0.1207 | 0.1944 | 0.7141 | 0.3941 |
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