黄土丘陵沟壑区生态移民过程及其生态系统服务价值评价—以宁夏海原县为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.02.23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以海原县为研究对象，以2000、2005、2010和2015年遥感数据为基础数据，综合运用土地利用动态度、生态系统服务价值评价模型、地理探测器等模型对海原县2000—2015年的生态系统服务价值时空变化进行研究。结果显示：2000—2015年海原县土地利用类型发生明显变化，林地、建设用地、水域以及园地面积分别增加24 532.56hm2、13 233.71hm2、1 093.58hm2和812.16hm2，而耕地、草地和未利用地面积呈下降趋势，其中未利用面积下降幅度最大，共减少21 333.05hm2；研究期间海原县生态系统服务价值呈现出逐年增加的变化趋势，由2000年的37.25×108元增加至2015年的62.23×108元，变化率为67.07%，而林地、园地和水域面积的增加是海原县生态系统服务价值增加的关键；从态系统服务价值空间分布来看，海原县生态系统服务价值在空间呈现出由西南向东北递减的变化趋势；研究期间研究区生态系统单项服务价值均呈现出增加的变化趋势，其中废物处理和水源涵养增加量最大，其次是生物多样性和气候调节，而食物生产、原材料生产以及娱乐文化增加量最低，说明海原县的生态系统调节服务>支持服务>供给服务>文化服务；通过地理探测器诊断发现草地、园地、林地、气候调节、土壤形成与保护、生物多样性保护的决定力q值均＞0.8，说明这6项因子对研究区生态系统服务价值变化具有重要的影响作用。

关键词: 生态移民过程, 黄土丘陵沟壑区, 生态系统服务价值, 地理探测器, 海原县

Abstract: Taking Haiyuan County, Ninxia Province, China as the research object, based on the remotely sensed data in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, the land use dynamics, ecosystem service value evaluation model and Geo-detection model are used to map the ecology of Haiyuan County from 2000 to 2015 to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in ecosystem service value. The results show that the land use types in Haiyuan County have been changed significantly from 2000 to 2015. The area of forest land, construction land, water area and garden area were increased by 24 532.56 hm2, 13 233.71 hm2, 1 093.58 hm2 and 812.16 hm2 respectively, while the cultivated land, grassland and unused land area showed a declining trend with the unused land area being decreased the most by 21 333.05 hm2. During the 15 years, the ecosystem services value in Haiyuan County showed an increasing trend from 37.25×108 yuan in 2000 to 62.23×108 yuan in 2015 with the change rate of 67.07%. The increase of forest land, garden land and water area was the key to the increase of the ecosystem services value in Haiyuan County. From the perspective of the spatial distribution of the ecosystem service value, it displayed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast. The value of individual service in the study area showed an increasing trend, with the largest increase in waste treatment and water conservation, followed by biodiversity and climate regulation. The food production, raw material production and entertainment culture were having the lowest increase. It indicated a list in the descending order of the ecosystem services value as follows: the ecosystem adjustment Services, Support Services, Supply Services and Culture Services. The deterministic q values of grassland, garden, forest land, climate regulation, soil formation and protection, and biodiversity conservation were all larger than 0.8, which indicated that these six factors had important impact on the changes in the ecosystem services value in the study area.

Key words: ecological migration process, loess hilly and gully area, ecosystem services value, geography detector, Haiyuan County

王鹏, 刘小鹏, 王亚娟, 韩晓佳, 温胜强. 黄土丘陵沟壑区生态移民过程及其生态系统服务价值评价—以宁夏海原县为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(2): 433-443.

WANG Peng, LIU Xiaopeng, WANG Yajuan, HAN Xiaojia, WEN Shengqiang. Ecological migration process and the evaluation of its ecosystem service value in Loess hilly and gully region: A case study of Haiyuan County, Ningxia[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(2): 433-443.

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