黄河流域旅游-生态-福祉耦合协调的多尺度时空演化及分异机理

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.520

Abstract

Abstract:

The tourism economy, ecological environment, and residents’ well-being, the key elements of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), constitute a dynamic and interdependent system characterized by complex and multidimensional interactions. Challenges such as maintaining sustained global economic growth, increasing resource scarcity, ecological degradation, and evolving social needs emphasize the importance of investigating the coupled and coordinated relationships among the tourism economy, ecological environment, and residents’ well-being. This is crucial for achieving national strategy goals and advancing the SDGs. Using the Yellow River Basin as a case study, this study develops a comprehensive evaluation index system for tourism, ecology, and well-being. The coupling coordination degree model, exploratory spatial data analysis, and geo-probe were employed to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution, as well as the differentiation mechanisms, of the coupling and coordination among the tourism economy, ecological environment, and residents; well-being from 2010 to 2022. The analysis is conducted from the perspectives of watersheds, urban agglomerations, and municipal areas. The study reveals the following findings: (1) From 2010 to 2022, the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin improved, whereas the levels of the tourism economy and resident well-being declined, exhibiting a distribution pattern of “high in the east, low in the west”. The ecological environment system exhibited the most significant improvement, whereas the tourism economy system advanced at a slower pace. Regional disparities in tourism economy development were pronounced, with significant fluctuations driven largely by epidemic outbreaks. (2) The coupling coordination level of the three systems exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, remaining at a marginally coordinated stage for an extended period. Significant scale-dependent differences were observed in coupling coordination: At the basin scale, a clear gradient emerged from the upper to the lower reaches, with higher coordination in the middle and lower reaches; at the urban agglomeration scale, a “wedge-shaped” spatial pattern appeared; and at the city scale, the pattern was characterized as “cold in the west and hot in the east”, with distinct polarization among leaders. (3) The number of national key cultural heritage sites, star-rated hotels, travel agencies, and A-level tourist attractions, along with road density and air quality index, were identified as the main factors driving the spatial differentiation of coupling coordination. The interactions among these factors manifested in two forms—bivariate enhancement and nonlinear enhancement. The driving effects of bivariate interactions were significantly stronger than those of individual factors, highlighting pronounced nonlinear enhancement characteristics. This study offers scientific evidence and policy implications for promoting high-quality development and coordinated prosperity across the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: tourism economy, ecological environment, residents’ well-being, coupling coordination degree, Yellow River Basin

WANG Weijun, LI Juan, LI Hua. Multi-scale spatiotemporal evolution and differentiation mechanisms of tourism-ecology-well-being coupling coordination in the Yellow River Basin[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(4): 683-696.

Figures/Tables 19

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目标层	准则层	指标层	属性	权重
旅游经济	产业基础	旅行社数/个	+	0.100
		A级景区数/个	+	0.125
		星级饭店/个	+	0.081
		国家级、省级非物质文化遗产/个	+	0.113
		国家重点文物保护单位/个	+	0.092
		旅游从业人员数/10⁴人	+	0.060
	市场规模	国际游客接待人数/10⁴人	+	0.050
	市场规模	游客接待总数/10⁴人	+	0.163
	市场效益	国际旅游外汇收入/10⁴元	+	0.043
	市场效益	旅游总收入/10⁴元	+	0.174
生态环境	生态压力	10⁴元GDP氮氧化物排放量/t·(10⁴元)^-1	-	0.074
		空气质量指数	-	0.085
		10⁴元GDP工业废水排放量/t·(10⁴元)^-1	-	0.074
		化肥施用强度/t·hm^-2	-	0.068
		人均用水量/m²·人^-1	-	0.063
	生态状态	植被覆盖率/%	+	0.084
		人均（公园）绿地面积/m³·人^-1	+	0.075
		人均水资源量/m³·人^-1	+	0.041
		国家自然保护区/个	+	0.069
		土地综合变化率/%	-	0.045
	生态响应	万元GDP一般工业固体废物综合利用量/t·(10⁴元)^-1	+	0.053
		万元GDP污水处理厂处理量/m³·(10⁴元)^-1	+	0.063
		环境污染治理投资额占财政支出比重/%	+	0.078
		环保词频占比/%	+	0.055
		生活垃圾无害化处理率/%	+	0.073
居民福祉	文化与教育	普通中学师生比/%	+	0.096
	文化与教育	每万人拥有的文化机构数/个·(10⁴人)^-1	+	0.113
	卫生与健康	每万人拥有的医院床位数/张·(10⁴人)^-1	+	0.095
	卫生与健康	每万人拥有的卫生医疗机构数/个·(10⁴人)^-1	+	0.128
	收入与支出	城镇居民人均可支配收入/10⁴元	+	0.067
		农村居民人均可支配收入/10⁴元	+	0.079
		社会消费品零售额/10⁴元	+	0.064
		人均文教娱乐消费支出/10⁴元·人^-1	+	0.060
	经济与社会发展	每万人拥有公共汽车数/辆·(10⁴人)^-1	+	0.063
		单位面积公路里程/km	+	0.094
		城镇化率/%	+	0.070
		人均GDP/10⁴元·人^-1	+	0.070

耦合协调度	耦合协调度等级	耦合协调度	耦合协调度等级
0.90~1.00	优质协调	0.40~0.49	濒临失调
0.80~0.89	良好协调	0.30~0.39	轻度失调
0.70~0.79	中级协调	0.20~0.29	中度失调
0.60~0.69	初级协调	0.10~0.19	严重失调
0.50~0.59	勉强协调	0.00~0.09	极度失调

年份	全局Moran’s I	P值
2010	0.403^***	0.000
2016	0.397^***	0.000
2022	0.231^***	0.000

变量	2010年		2016年		2022年
变量	q值	排序	q值	排序	q值	排序
X₁	0.014	13	0.003	13	0.001	12
X₂	0.219^***	7	0.295^***	2	0.263^***	5
X₃	0.142	11	0.147	7	0.249^**	6
X₄	0.026	12	0.069	11	0.234^***	7
X₅	0.319^***	3	0.333^***	1	0.300^***	3
X₆	0.185^***	8	0.004	12	0.001	12
X₇	0.236^***	6	0.265^***	4	0.134^**	9
X₈	0.292^***	4	0.287^***	3	0.277^***	4
X₉	0.444^***	1	0.215^***	5	0.323^***	2
X₁₀	0.178^**	9	0.102^**	10	0.330^***	1
X₁₁	0.165^**	10	0.207^**	6	0.096^**	10
X₁₂	0.334^***	2	0.134^**	8	0.036	11
X₁₃	0.284^***	5	0.134^**	8	0.188^***	8

Multi-scale spatiotemporal evolution and differentiation mechanisms of tourism-ecology-well-being coupling coordination in the Yellow River Basin

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