昆仑山北坡车尔臣河流域平原区地表水和地下水水化学特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.162

Abstract

Abstract:

Agricultural water constitutes a significant proportion of total water consumption in the Qargan River Basin. The imbalance between water supply and demand in this region has become increasingly prominent. Understanding the hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation water and groundwater in the Qargan River Basin is crucial for effective water resource allocation and ecological security within the oasis. This study examines the hydrochemical parameters, as well as the stable isotopic compositions of hydrogen and oxygen, in river water, channel water, and groundwater from the plain areas of the basin. Data were collected through field investigations, mathematical statistical analyses, and hydrochemical methods to explore the interaction between irrigation water and groundwater. The key findings are as follows: (1) River water, channel water, and groundwater are all weakly alkaline, with elevated fluoride content in each. The predominant hydrochemical type for all water bodies is SO₄·Cl-Na, with SO₄^2- and Na⁺ as the dominant anion and cation, respectively. Groundwater and channel water show trends of salinization, whereas the river water quality is comparatively better. (2) The three water bodies exhibit similar hydrochemical characteristics. Ion sources in river water and channel water are primarily controlled by rock weathering, while groundwater is influenced by both rock weathering and evaporative concentration. (3) The slopes of the river water, channel water, and groundwater lines are 3.70, 0.61, and 1.42, respectively, which are lower than the slope (5.62) of the local meteoric water line (LMWL). Additionally, nearly all sampling sites for the three water bodies are distributed below the LMWL in a relatively compact manner. This suggests that river and channel waters are closely hydrologically connected to groundwater and act as the primary recharge sources, contributing 56.48% and 43.52%, respectively, to groundwater replenishment.

Key words: Qargan River Basin, hydrochemical characteristics, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, irrigation water, groundwater

LYU Wengai, JIANG Yuwei, MA Xingyu, LIU Lei, XUE Jie, ZHANG Bo, HUANG Caibian. Chemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in plain area of the Qargan River Basin on the north slope of Kunlun Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(10): 1617-1627.

Figures/Tables 6

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类型	统计值	K⁺/mg·L^-1	Na⁺/mg·L^-1	Ca²⁺/mg·L^-1	Mg²⁺/mg·L^-1	Cl^-/mg·L^-1	SO₄^2-/mg·L^-1	HCO₃^-/mg·L^-1
河水	最小值	6.07	60.92	45.19	22.93	76.50	95.86	97.57
	最大值	25.21	452.85	124.38	88.67	498.72	377.50	375.39
	平均值	10.54	159.36	77.19	42.22	181.55	231.49	169.90
	标准差	6.71	132.66	26.23	22.54	144.18	87.76	93.45
	变异系数	0.64	0.83	0.34	0.53	0.79	0.38	0.55
渠水	最小值	4.60	48.72	48.84	15.93	58.39	112.87	91.03
	最大值	25.59	295.65	98.94	112.80	305.97	312.62	459.47
	平均值	11.00	156.20	78.28	52.07	177.97	250.03	199.32
	标准差	7.25	84.14	19.29	32.40	84.98	55.67	137.19
	变异系数	0.66	0.54	0.25	0.62	0.48	0.22	0.69
地下水	最小值	6.85	82.00	46.31	25.23	55.76	51.64	34.73
	最大值	35.70	590.66	293.12	182.51	845.24	1013.45	319.42
	平均值	17.02	266.24	143.72	82.03	325.34	444.36	162.33
	标准差	8.89	155.92	77.53	46.21	235.20	309.96	82.74
	变异系数	0.52	0.59	0.54	0.56	0.72	0.70	0.51
类型	统计值	NO₃^-/mg·L^-1	F^-/mg·L^-1	TDS/mg·L^-1	pH	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰
河水	最小值	1.45	0.70	492.33	7.87	-72.70	-11.36
	最大值	5.31	12.12	1987.02	8.26	-47.40	-6.05
	平均值	4.02	2.72	929.28	8.10	-60.96	-9.20
	标准差	1.27	2.68	471.47	0.12	8.49	1.58
	变异系数	1.40	0.99	0.51	0.01	0.14	0.17
渠水	最小值	4.41	1.14	548.33	7.95	-70.70	-14.26
	最大值	5.28	10.02	1589.74	8.31	-54.00	-8.38
	平均值	4.67	3.16	1004.33	8.11	-62.13	-10.38
	标准差	0.29	2.36	361.13	0.10	5.59	1.53
	变异系数	0.28	0.75	0.36	0.01	0.09	0.15
地下水	最小值	1.24	0.49	490.06	7.69	-60.50	-11.58
	最大值	66.41	6.98	3303.16	8.33	-38.10	-8.53
	平均值	17.45	2.65	1649.49	7.98	-55.39	-9.87
	标准差	18.18	1.95	848.16	0.17	6.26	0.75
	变异系数	4.62	0.74	0.51	0.02	0.11	0.08

Chemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in plain area of the Qargan River Basin on the north slope of Kunlun Mountains

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