Abstract: Based on energy data during 1993-2010，the development of energy industry and difference of energy production and consumption in Central Asia were analyzed. The results show as follows：（1） The yield of energy production decreased during 1990s and then increased to 26 088×10⁴ t in 2010. More than 98% of energy was produced in Kazakhstan，Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The yield of oil and coal grows continually while gas production changed little. （2） Energy consumption first decreased and then increased withenergy production variation，which reached to 14 533×10⁴ t in 2010. The total and per capita energy consumption of Kazakhstan，Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan were much higher，but the energy use efficiency was lower. （3） Net energy exports of Central Asia increased significantly from 5 186×10⁴ t of 1993 to 11 554×10⁴ t of 2010. Kazakhstan replaced Turkmenistan to become the major energy-exporting country of Central Asia after 1998. The energy consumption in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan was mainly relied on imports. （4） Economic development depends on the development of energy industry. The abundant energy and mineral resources became a major growth point for economic development in Kazakhstan，Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan，while Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan showed a lower economic growth.

Key words: energy industry, consumption, import and export trade, economic development, Central Asia