Abstract: The 8-county of the south mountain area in Ningxia is the main concentrate area of Hui ethnic community. Because of ecology fragility and environment deterioration, this area has been listed as focal trial area for the ecoenvironmental construction. Facing the large scale engincering of the eco environmental construction in the area, the paper, based on analysis of original and latent factors of deterioration, theoretically studied some questions ofeco environmental construction, and comes to following conclusion: the eco environmental construction is thefundamental engineering of social economic development and the need of regional sustainable development; theeco environmental construction must comply with ecological law and must obey economic law; the eco environmental construction should pay attention to the adjustment of productive structure and should put emphasis onthe most limited factor of regional environment -effective use of the water resources; the eco environmental con-struction ought to well manage in the relationship of construction and protection.

Key words: eco environmental construction, Hui ethnic community, Ningxia