扶贫资源配置对低收入农户收入影响——以青海省18村为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2022.208

Abstract

Abstract:

Preventing poverty from returning and establishing a long-term mechanism for poverty eradication are the key footholds for consolidating and expanding the achievement of poverty eradication. Exploring the income of low-income farmer households and its influencing factors can provide ideas and reference for establishing a mechanism that could prevent poverty and return to poverty. Based on the survey data of farmer households in 18 administrative villages in three counties of Qinghai Province, China, this study analyzes the income characteristics of low-income farmer households from a farmer’s perspective. With the help of the geographic detector and Tobit models, this study investigates the influencing factors affecting the income of farmer households and their income structure, determines the explanatory power and significance of these factors, and puts forward policy suggestions combined with the analysis results. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the total household income of low-income farmer households has significantly increased; the effect of this increasing income is obvious; and the effect of poverty alleviation is remarkable. (2) the willingness of farmer households to increase income and endogenous power has been significantly improved by the allocation of poverty alleviation resources; wage income has also become the main source of income for farmer households. (3) the explanatory power of a single factor of income impact has great differences, and the driving force of a two-factor interaction is higher than that of the single factor action; the labor force and the number of poor households are the most significant driving forces of the interaction. (4) The allocation of public poverty alleviation resources significantly affects the income structure of farmer households, and the influencing factors of different income channels differ. In the income promotion stage, we should focus on the influencing factors with a high contribution.

Key words: allocation of poverty alleviation resources, low income farmers, geographic detector, Tobit model

YANG Yang, QIAO Jiajun, WANG Wei, ZHANG Ershen. Impact of poverty alleviation resource allocation on income of rural low-income farmer households: A case of 18 villages in Qinghai Province[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(2): 325-336.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Indicator variables and their descriptions"

指标类型	指标层	变量含义及赋值
公共性扶贫资源配置渠道	中央财政资金（x₁）	农户是否获得源自中央财政资金的扶贫资源；是赋值1，否赋值0
	省级财政资金（x₂）	农户是否获得源自省级财政资金的扶贫资源；是赋值1，否赋值0
	市级财政资金（x₃）	农户是否获得源自市级财政资金的扶贫资源；是赋值1，否赋值0
	县级财政资金（x₄）	农户是否获得源自县级财政资金的扶贫资源；是赋值1，否赋值0
	其他涉农资金（x₅）	农户是否获得其他涉农资金的扶贫资源；是赋值1，否赋值0
公共性扶贫资源配置方式	提供技能培训（x₆）	农户获得技能培训的人次（次）；计算结果分为a~e类：a=0；b=1；c=2；d=3；e≥4
	直接补助资金（x₇）	农户获得补助资金金额（元）；计算结果分为a~f类：a=0；0<b≤5000；5000<c≤10000；10000<d≤15000；15000<e≤20000；f>20000
	提供产业帮扶（x₈）	农户是否获得产业帮扶；是赋值1，否赋值0
	资金入股分红（x₉）	农户通过资金入股分红金额（元）；计算结果分为a~e类：a=0；0<b≤900；900<c≤1800；1800<d≤2700；e>2700
	提供公益岗位（x₁₀）	农户通过公益岗位劳动获得收益金额（元）；计算结果分为a~e类：a=0；0<b≤7000；7000<c≤14000；14000<d≤21000；e>21000
	提供教育补贴（x₁₁）	农户是否获得教育补贴；是赋值1，否赋值0
	提供小额信贷（x₁₂）	农户获得小额信贷金额（元）；计算结果分为a~f类：a=0；0<b≤10000；10000<c≤20000；20000<d≤30000；30000<e≤40000；f>40000
	提供医疗保障（x₁₃）	农户参加基本医疗保险的财政补贴；无补贴赋值1，部分补贴赋值2，全部补贴赋值3
个体特征变量	劳动力人数（x₁₄）	农户家庭劳动力人数（人）；计算结果分为a~e类：a≤1；b=2；c=3；d=4；e≥5
	所在村属性（x₁₅）	农户所在村是否为脱贫村；是赋值1，否赋值0
	建档立卡人数（x₁₆）	农户家庭建档立卡人数（人）；计算结果分为a~e类：a≤2；b=3；c=4；d=5；e≥6

Tab. 3

Fig. 2

Tab. 4

Iinteraction detection results between single-factor and double-factor"

因子	$x 1$	$x 2$	$x 3$	$x 4$	$x 5$	$x 6$	$x 7$	$x 9$	$x 10$	$x 11$	$x 14$	$x 16$
$x 1$	0.027
$x 2$	0.033	0.008
$x 3$	0.032	0.018	0.010
$x 4$	0.056	0.036	0.039	0.031
$x 5$	0.030	0.020	0.019	0.040	0.012
$x 6$	0.045	0.054	0.044	0.067	0.029	0.025
$x 7$	0.079	0.064	0.064	0.117	0.085	0.110	0.047
$x 9$	0.062	0.066	0.063	0.080	0.071	0.098	0.104	0.045
$x 10$	0.073	0.053	0.048	0.050	0.058	0.101	0.175	0.103	0.047
$x 11$	0.044	0.026	0.033	0.042	0.032	0.060	0.079	0.064	0.072	0.020
$x 14$	0.194	0.183	0.180	0.189	0.174	0.200	0.234	0.229	0.231	0.184	0.159
$x 16$	0.231	0.231	0.233	0.245	0.228	0.251	0.267	0.248	0.271	0.222	0.319	0.214

Tab. 4

Tab. 5

Analysis results of influencing factors of farmer households’ income types"

指标	经营性收入		工资性收入		财产性收入		转移性收入
指标	回归系数	t值	回归系数	t值	回归系数	t值	回归系数	t值
$x 1$	0.0170	0.37	0.0106	0.26	0.0306	1.58	-0.0538^*	-1.94
$x 2$	0.0049	0.14	-0.1342^***	-4.16	0.0229	1.51	0.1069^***	4.92
$x 3$	-0.0261	-0.72	0.0140	0.43	-0.1101	0.72	0.0010	0.04
$x 4$	0.0627	1.38	-0.0139	-0.34	-0.0154	-0.79	-0.0062	-0.22
$x 5$	-0.0097	-0.24	0.0121	0.33	-0.0365^**	-2.14	0.0372	-3.28
$x 6$	0.0209^*	1.95	0.0130	1.34	-0.006^*	-1.48	-0.0214^***	1.52
$x 7$	-0.0229^**	-2.03	-0.0922^***	-8.97	0.0107^**	2.21	0.0932^***	13.49
$x 8$	0.0671^***	2.98	-0.0135	-0.66	-0.0138	-1.45	-0.0317^**	-2.31
$x 9$	-0.0216^**	-2.36	0.0101	1.22	0.0185^***	4.77	-0.0155^***	-2.78
$x 10$	-0.0228	-1.66	0.0550^***	4.40	0.0081	1.38	-0.0453^***	-5.38
$x 11$	-0.0196	-0.76	0.0137	0.58	-0.0162	1.47	-0.0218	-1.38
$x 12$	-0.0273^***	2.64	-0.0035	-0.37	-0.0014	-0.33	-0.0130^**	-2.06
$x 13$	-0.0427^**	-1.98	-0.0195	-0.99	-0.0023	-0.25	0.0660^***	5.02
$x 14$	-0.0242^*	-1.64	0.0547^***	4.10	-0.0024	-0.39	-0.0307^***	-3.43
$x 15$	0.3250	0.94	0.0710^**	2.27	-0.0006	-0.04	-0.0753^***	-3.58
$x 16$	0.0254^**	2.06	-0.0196^*	-1.74	0.0035	0.67	-0.0098	-1.29
cons	0.2218^***	3.72	0.6052^***	11.18	0.0082	0.33	0.2078^***	5.71

Tab. 5

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年份	结构类型	平均值	最大值	最小值	极差
2015	经营性收入	0.263	1.906	0.000	1.906
	工资性收入	0.437	5.700	0.000	5.700
	财产性收入	0.029	7.000	0.000	7.000
	转移性收入	0.446	0.900	0.000	0.900
	家庭总收入	1.175	7.000	0.060	6.940
2020	经营性收入	1.131	6.400	0.000	6.400
	工资性收入	2.662	16.800	0.000	16.800
	财产性收入	0.371	11.000	0.000	11.000
	转移性收入	1.069	6.320	0.000	6.320
	家庭总收入	5.233	18.559	0.541	18.017

结构类型	2015年收入平均值/10⁴元	2015年各类收入占比/%	2020年收入平均值/10⁴元	2020年各类收入占比/%
经营性收入	0.263	22.38	1.131	21.61
工资性收入	0.437	37.19	2.662	50.87
财产性收入	0.029	2.47	0.371	7.09
转移性收入	0.446	37.96	1.069	20.43
家庭总收入	1.175	100.00	5.233	100.00

Impact of poverty alleviation resource allocation on income of rural low-income farmer households: A case of 18 villages in Qinghai Province

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