中国科普教育基地空间分布、类型结构及影响因素

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.619

Abstract

Abstract:

In a comprehensive study conducted in 2022, 798 popular science education bases issued by the China Association for Science and Technology took center stage as the research object in this investigation. Using a multifaceted analytical approach, this study delved into the intricate spatial dynamics and typological structure of these educational establishments. The methods employed included the average nearest neighbor index, nuclear density analysis, and unbalanced index. Furthermore, this study probed the factors influencing the spatial distribution pattern of popular science education bases in China, by leveraging geographic detection and superposition analysis. This research showed important findings: (1) The spatial distribution of popular science education bases in China is uneven and clustered. The high-density clusters are mainly concentrated areas with good economic foundations and high market openness in the east, such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions. In contrast, the central and western regions exhibited low-density clusters centered around provincial capitals. (2) When examining the typology of these education bases, science and technology venues accounted for the highest proportion, showing the spatial characteristics of “dual-core and multipoint.” In contrast, “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” popular science education bases had the lowest proportion, showing the spatial structure of “one belt and multipoint.” All types of popular science education bases exhibited unique spatial differentiation patterns. (3) The spatial distribution of these education bases was affected by a combination of human factors, such as social economy, traffic conditions, education level, scenic spot resources, and policy systems, and natural environmental factors, such as elevation and rivers. These research results have substantial implications for optimizing the spatial layout of popular science education bases in China and promoting the efficient use of popular science resources.

MA Xiaomin, ZHANG Zhibin, GUO Qianqian, WU Zhixiang, FENG Xueli. Spatial distribution, type structure and influencing factors of popular science education bases in China[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(11): 1879-1890.

Figures/Tables 7

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序号	地区	个数/个	百分比/%	累计百分比/%	序号	地区	个数/个	百分比/%	累计百分比/%
1	北京	94	11.78	11.78	17	福建	23	2.88	77.19
2	广东	53	6.64	18.42	18	云南	22	2.76	79.95
3	山东	44	5.51	23.93	19	江西	20	2.51	82.46
4	江苏	44	5.51	29.45	20	重庆	19	2.38	84.84
5	浙江	41	5.14	34.59	21	新疆	18	2.26	87.09
6	上海	41	5.14	39.72	22	甘肃	15	1.88	88.97
7	湖北	34	4.26	43.98	23	黑龙江	14	1.75	90.73
8	河北	32	4.01	47.99	24	吉林	13	1.63	92.36
9	河南	28	3.51	51.50	25	贵州	12	1.50	93.86
10	天津	27	3.38	54.89	26	海南	11	1.38	95.24
11	辽宁	27	3.38	58.27	27	宁夏	10	1.25	96.49
12	安徽	27	3.38	61.65	28	山西	9	1.13	97.62
13	四川	26	3.26	64.91	29	青海	8	1.00	98.62
14	陕西	26	3.26	68.17	30	内蒙古	7	0.88	99.50
15	湖南	25	3.13	71.30	31	西藏	4	0.50	100.00
16	广西	24	3.01	74.31	总计		798	100.00	10.00

类型	主要亚类	占比/%
科技场馆类	科技馆、自然博物馆、青少年科技场馆、专业领域的科普场馆等	38.60
教育科研与重大工程类	教育科研机构等内设的科普场馆、实验室、工程中心、科学观测台等	30.58
自然资源类	国家公园、自然保护区、动物园、植物园、主题公园、地质公园等	15.66
企业类	产业园区、科技园区、有科普功能的企业展厅、研发或生产制造设施等	7.89
其他类	文博展馆、图书馆、美术馆、纪念馆、文化馆、历史文化遗产等	4.26
“三农”类	农业种养殖繁育基地、综合实验示范基地、现代农业科技产业园、农机培训基地、农业观光体验园等	3.01

影响因素	指标	q值	P值
社会经济	人均地区生产总值（X₁）/10⁸元	0.656^**	0.000
社会经济	人口密度（X₂）/人·km^-2	0.511^**	0.000
交通条件	公路里程（X₃）/km	0.432^*	0.029
交通条件	高铁里程（X₄）/km	0.124	0.348
教育水平	普通高等院校数量（X₅）/个	0.485^**	0.000
教育水平	教育经费（X₆）/10⁸元	0.469^**	0.003
旅游资源	3A级以上景区数量（X₇）/个	0.369^*	0.018
政策制度	相关政策文件条数（X₈）/条	0.397^*	0.027

Spatial distribution, type structure and influencing factors of popular science education bases in China

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