乌兰布和沙漠东北缘人工梭梭林健康程度分级评价研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.112

Abstract

Abstract:

Artificial forests of Haloxylon ammodendron are the largest windbreak and sand-fixing forests widely used in the northeast edge of the Ulan Buh Desert, China. An accurate assessment of the health status of this forest is crucial for ensuring its functioning, ecological protection, and implementing precise restoration methods. A quantitative health evaluation system based on the framework of “zoning classification grading” involving eco-surveys and a combination of weighted technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models, was applied. The results revealed that constructing a health evaluation system based on forest and community structure, environmental conditions, and health risks as the criterion layer can ensure accurate estimations. The contribution of factors such as soil moisture content, length of newly formed branches, mortality rate, shoot withering rate, and pests and diseases to such a system is significant. These artificial forests are generally in a moderately degraded state and may progress toward severe degradation. This phenomenon is a result of a combination of factors, including abnormal soil hydration conditions, low soil organic matter content, frequent occurrence of pest infestations and diseases, and inadequate maintenance and management. These results can provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection and restoration of artificial H. ammodendron forests in the region, as well as references for health assessments and the graded restoration of deteriorated forests as a part of the “Three North” project.

Key words: Haloxylon ammodendron, health assessment, combination weighting method, TOPSIS model, northeast of Ulan Buh Desert

YAN Min, WANG Jia, ZUO Hejun, GAO Junliang, ZHANG Lihua, XI Cheng, CHAI Yinchao, ZUO Tao. Health grading evaluation of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forests on the northeast edge of Ulan Buh Desert[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(2): 275-286.

Figures/Tables 13

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分布区	区域	林龄/a	立地条件
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-1	27	坡上
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-2	27	坡中
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-3	27	坡下
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-1	12	坡上
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-2	12	坡中
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-3	12	坡下
奈伦湖S区	奈伦湖S-1	35	坡上
奈伦湖S区	奈伦湖S-2	35	平沙地
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-1	7	坡上
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-2	7	坡中
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-3	7	坡下
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-1	12	坡上
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-2	12	坡中
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-3	12	坡下
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-1	7	坡上
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-2	7	坡中
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-3	7	坡下
创新基地区	创新基地	22	平沙地
实验四场南大滩区	实验四场南大滩-A	23	平沙地
实验四场南大滩区	实验四场南大滩-B	5	平沙地

指标相对比较的重要程度	标度值
同等重要	1
一个指标比另一个指标稍微重要	3
一个指标比另一个指标重要	5
一个指标比另一个指标重要很多	7
一个指标比另一个指标绝对重要	9
重要程度介于1、3、5、7、9间	2、4、6、8
一个指标比另一个指标相对次要	上述各数的倒数

准则层	指标层	评价优劣标准
准则层	指标层	差（<0.38）	中（0.38~0.62）	好（0.62~1.00）
林分活力	植株高度/cm	<100	100~180	>180
	冠幅/cm²	<190	190~310	310
	基径/cm	<5	5~10	>10
	林龄/a	幼林龄	中林龄	异林龄或近、成熟林
	枝条长度/cm	<20	20~32	>32
	新生枝条数/根	<50	50~120	>120
	新生枝条长/cm	<10	10~15	>15
	新生枝条粗/cm	<0.3	0.3~0.5	>0.5
群落结构	盖度/%	<20	20~40	>40
	总株数/株	<30	30~55	>55
	林下丰富度指数	<0.45	0.45~0.80	>0.80
	林下均匀度指数	<0.4	0.4~0.7	>0.7
	林下多样性指数	<0.5	0.5~1.0	>1.0
	林下优势度指数	<0.3	0.3~0.5	>0.5
	土壤含水率/%	<0.6	0.6~1.5	>1.5
	土壤电导率/μS·cm^-1	<550	550~600	>600
	土壤pH值	<8.3	8.3~8.6	>8.6
	土壤有机质/g·kg^-1	<3	3~5	>5
健康风险	死亡率/%	>55%	25%~55%	<25%
	枯梢率/%	>65%	35%~65%	<35%
	病虫害/%	>60%	30%~60%	<30%

目标层	准则层		指标层		一致性检验参数（C_R）
目标层	准则	权重	准则	权重	一致性检验参数（C_R）
人工梭梭林健康评价	林分活力	0.1534	植株高度/cm	0.0231	0.0862
			冠幅/cm²	0.0286
			基径/cm	0.0195
			林龄/a	0.0274
			枝条长度/cm	0.0188
			新生枝条数/根	0.0413
			新生枝条长/cm	0.1276
			新生枝条粗/cm	0.0869
	群落结构	0.1352	盖度/%	0.0419	0.0841
			总株数/株	0.0182
			林下丰富度指数	0.0289
			林下均匀度指数	0.0179
			林下多样性指数	0.0107
			林下优势度指数	0.0113
	环境条件	0.2135	土壤含水率/%	0.0313	0.0655
			土壤电导率/μS·cm^-1	0.0153
			土壤pH值	0.0159
			土壤有机质/g·kg^-1	0.0152
	健康风险	0.4979	死亡率/%	0.2908	0.0516
			枯梢率/%	0.1154
			病虫害/%	0.0915

分布区	区域	正理想解距离（D_i⁺）	负理想解距离（D_i^-）	相对接近度	排序结果
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-1	87.340	12.770	0.128	18
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-2	99.372	2.268	0.022	20
奈伦湖NE区	奈伦湖NE-3	96.312	5.529	0.054	19
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-1	78.500	21.876	0.218	16
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-2	86.910	21.364	0.197	17
奈伦湖N区	奈伦湖N-3	46.070	55.078	0.545	8
奈伦湖S区	奈伦湖S-1	53.850	55.718	0.509	9
奈伦湖S区	奈伦湖S-2	80.330	26.107	0.245	13
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-1	44.460	63.283	0.587	6
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-2	51.800	63.604	0.551	7
实验一场西大滩A区	实验一场西大滩A-3	69.820	31.250	0.309	12
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-1	36.160	64.520	0.641	5
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-2	63.860	37.180	0.368	11
实验一场西大滩B区	实验一场西大滩B-3	65.000	38.510	0.372	10
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-1	1.459	100.000	0.986	1
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-2	5.651	94.568	0.944	2
刘拐沙头区	刘拐沙头-3	35.586	69.912	0.663	4
创新基地区	创新基地	6.739	93.429	0.933	3
实验四场南大滩区	实验四场南大滩-A	79.192	23.350	0.228	14
实验四场南大滩区	实验四场南大滩-B	78.260	22.082	0.220	15

Health grading evaluation of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forests on the northeast edge of Ulan Buh Desert

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[5]	YANG Qing-qing, GAO Yan-hui, YANG Xin-jun, WU Kong-sen. Measurement and spatial-temporal differentiation of vulnerability of microscale rural human settlementsin the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau:A case study of Jiaxian County, Shaanxi Province [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(5): 1371-1381.
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