免灌人工梭梭林生长与土壤水分变化的耦合关系

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.054

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the ecological characteristics of the no-irrigation artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the site conditions of the takyr soil in the desert oasis transition zone of Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang, China, and to investigate the optimal planting density of the stand, this study analyzed the initial planting of the H. ammodendron natural regeneration seedlings and soil moisture in different slope positions in the Mosuowan Desert Research Station for 38 years (1983—2021). The growth response of H. ammodendron to the density difference was studied, and the variation characteristics of soil moisture in each forest land were analyzed. The relationship between the H. ammodendron growth and soil moisture was discussed to provide the scientific basis for the construction and sustainability of artificial H. ammodendron forest. The results showed that: (1) When the afforestation density of H. ammodendron is 6 m×3.5 m (480 plants·hm^-2), the survival rate of the mother tree is the highest. The ratio of mother tree preservation rate to H. ammodendron natural regeneration decreased gradually as afforestation density increased. The higher the density of the mother tree, the poorer the growth and biomass. The poorer the growth and biomass of the H. ammodendron regeneration seedlings, the greater the coverage and canopy density. (2) There was a significant negative correlation between the growth of H. ammodendron and the soil water content at a root depth of 140-280 cm (P<0.05); the soil water at the root depth of 140-240 cm was mainly used. Compared with the three woodlands, the higher the soil water content in this layer, the better the growth of the mother tree and the higher the biomass. (3) When the retention density of the mother tree was 360 plants·hm^-2 (spacing between plants and rows: 4 m×7 m), the growth was better, overall biomass higher, understory vegetation more abundant, and soil moisture condition of the forest land was relatively good. To summarize, maintaining this density in the construction of artificial forests in this area is more conducive to the stability of irrigation-free artificial H. ammodendron forests for the continuous benefit of wind prevention and sand fixation.

Key words: takyr soil, artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest, catchment afforestation, growth characteristics, soil moisture

ZHU Jialong,ZHOU Zhibin,WANG Lisheng,LYU Ping,JIANG Yongxue. Coupling relationship between growth and soil moisture change of Haloxylon ammodendron plantation without irrigation[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(5): 1579-1590.

Figures/Tables 11

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造林密度	高密度	中密度	低密度
株行距/m×m	1.5×7	4×4	6×3.5
初始造林密度/株·hm^-2	990	600	480
保留密度/株·hm^-2	360	410	400
自然更新比	3.49	4.22	5.85
郁闭度/%	11.87	11.41	12.08
林下植物盖度/%	21.27	16.69	24.11
母树保存率/%	36.36	68.33	83.33
种植母树/株	99	60	48
现存母树/株	36	41	40
幼树/株	50	48	32
幼苗/株	296	205	249
梭梭总数/株	382	294	321

造林密度	母树生物量		自然更新苗生物量		BW+RW		合计
造林密度	BW	RW	BW	RW	母树	自然更新苗	合计
高密度	5.91a	3.11a	1.08ab	2.01ab	9.02a	3.09ab	12.11
中密度	4.91b	2.98b	1.35a	2.28a	7.89b	3.63a	11.52
低密度	6.20ab	2.50b	0.49b	1.04b	8.70b	1.53b	10.23

位置	高密度（1.5 m×7 m）			中密度（4 m×4 m）			低密度（6 m×3.5 m）
位置	距根部/cm	均值/%	5%显著性水平	距根部/cm	均值/%	5%显著性水平	距根部/cm	均值/%	5%显著性水平
垄顶	350	6.41	ab	200	9.11	a	175	6.37	a
坡中	175	7.30	a	100	7.06	a	88	5.08	ab
根部	10	7.58	a	10	6.31	a	10	4.54	b
株间	75	5.74	b	200	8.93	a	300	5.42	ab

Coupling relationship between growth and soil moisture change of Haloxylon ammodendron plantation without irrigation

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