干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (10): 1866-1877.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.744 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024744
收稿日期:2024-12-03
修回日期:2025-04-17
出版日期:2025-10-25
发布日期:2025-10-27
通讯作者:
吴剑(1999-),男,硕士,主要从事旅游交通研究. E-mail: jiate54826@163.com作者简介:白洋(1982-),男,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事旅游经济研究. E-mail: baiyang@xju.edu.cn
基金资助:
BAI Yang1,2(
), ZHAO Ping2, WU Jian3(
), LIU Xiaoyan1,2
Received:2024-12-03
Revised:2025-04-17
Published:2025-10-25
Online:2025-10-27
摘要:
基于新疆市域面板数据,归纳民航开通对区域旅游经济的驱动机制,利用多期双重差分模型和中介效应模型分析民航开通影响新疆旅游经济的直接效应和调节效应,检验不同快速交通方式组合影响新疆旅游经济的中介效应。研究表明:(1) 归纳民航开通对区域旅游经济的驱动机制,民航设施建设、民航旅游需求是影响旅游经济的外部拉力和内部推力。(2) 新疆旅游经济呈现“高增长、高波动”的演进趋势与“边缘多点凝聚→中心集聚扩散”的演变格局。(3) 民航开通有效缩减旅游时间成本,正向显著影响新疆旅游经济,验证模型通过一系列稳健性检验。(4) 民航旅游需求对南北疆旅游经济的调节效应具有明显差异特征。民航开通对南北疆区域和不同旅游消费强度市域旅游经济的影响效果存在显著差异。(5) 不同快速交通方式组合对新疆旅游经济存在复杂中介效应和多元竞合关系。
白洋, 赵平, 吴剑, 刘晓燕. 民航开通对新疆旅游经济的影响效应研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(10): 1866-1877.
BAI Yang, ZHAO Ping, WU Jian, LIU Xiaoyan. Research on the impact of civil aviation opening on tourism economy in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(10): 1866-1877.
表1
变量描述性统计"
| 变量 | 样本量 | 均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 变量 | 样本量 | 均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTC | 294 | 6.392 | 0.660 | 4.540 | 7.930 | pgdp | 294 | 9.686 | 1.030 | 7.390 | 11.910 |
| 294 | 0.575 | 0.495 | 0.000 | 1.000 | inv | 294 | 4.985 | 1.395 | 0.900 | 7.660 | |
| 294 | 0.136 | 0.343 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ser | 294 | 3.581 | 0.394 | 2.150 | 4.290 | |
| 294 | 0.337 | 0.473 | 0.000 | 1.000 | dtr | 294 | 4.057 | 1.773 | -2.300 | 6.650 | |
| FS | 294 | 12.509 | 29.972 | 0.000 | 178.230 | toa | 294 | 1.541 | 1.841 | -2.300 | 6.330 |
| APT | 294 | 109.369 | 359.585 | 0.000 | 2508.900 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
表3
基准回归结果"
| 变量 | PTC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 回归1 | 回归2 | 回归3 | 回归4 | 回归5 | |
| 0.482***(0.060) | 0.340***(0.090) | 0.299***(0.080) | 0.102(0.080) | 0.107(0.080) | |
| pgdp | - | 0.166***(0.040) | 0.114**(0.050) | 0.176(0.190) | 0.373*(0.180) |
| inv | - | -0.182**(0.070) | -0.310***(0.100) | -0.244(0.170) | -0.086(0.130) |
| ser | - | 0.548***(0.090) | 0.347***(0.070) | 0.338(0.300) | 0.729***(0.170) |
| dtr | - | -0.089***(0.030) | -0.093***(0.030) | -0.089**(0.030) | -0.083**(0.030) |
| toa | - | 0.190***(0.030) | 0.241***(0.030) | 0.071*(0.040) | 0.073(0.050) |
| 常数项 | 6.115***(0.070) | 3.608***(0.540) | 5.945***(0.680) | 5.875**(2.690) | 0.924(1.650) |
| 时间固定效应 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 是 | 否 |
| 地区固定效应 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 是 |
| 观测值 | 294 | 294 | 294 | 294 | 294 |
| R2 | 0.131 | 0.340 | 0.419 | 0.503 | 0.462 |
表5
异质性分析"
| 变量 | PTC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 回归10 南疆 | 回归11 北疆 | 回归12 高 | 回归13 中 | 回归14 低 | |
| 0.626*** (0.190) | -0.332** (0.130) | -0.446*** (0.150) | 0.619* (0.310) | -0.382 (0.230) | |
| 控制变量 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 常数项 | 15.959** (7.380) | 0.000 (0.000) | 11.649** (5.330) | 0.000 (0.000) | 0.000 (0.000) |
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 地区固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 观测值 | 105 | 189 | 105 | 84 | 105 |
| R2 | 0.646 | 0.596 | 0.490 | 0.579 | 0.600 |
表6
调节效应分析"
| 变量 | PTC | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 回归15 南疆 | 回归16 南疆 | 回归17 北疆 | 回归18 北疆 | 回归19 高 | 回归20 高 | 回归21 中 | 回归22 中 | 回归23 低 | 回归24 低 | |
| 0.490**(0.210) | 0.497**(0.220) | -0.346**(0.150) | -0.381**(0.170) | -0.381**(0.140) | -0.396**(0.160) | 0.275(0.340) | 0.630*(0.310) | -0.233(0.240) | -0.170(0.240) | |
| 0.021* (0.010) | - | -0.003*(0.000) | - | 0.003 (0.000) | - | 0.020**(0.010) | - | -0.025(0.020) | - | |
| - | 0.002(0.000) | - | -0.000*(0.000) | - | 0.000(0.000) | - | 0.006**(0.000) | - | -0.005**(0.000) | |
| 控制变量 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 常数项 | 17.344**(7.370) | 17.954**(7.260) | 0.000 (0.000) | 0.000(0.000) | 12.846**(5.940) | 12.368**(5.780) | 1.083(2.920) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.000(0.000) | 0.000(0.000) |
| 时间固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 地区固定效应 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
| 观测值 | 105 | 105 | 189 | 189 | 105 | 105 | 84 | 84 | 105 | 105 |
| R2 | 0.659 | 0.658 | 0.602 | 0.602 | 0.504 | 0.495 | 0.630 | 0.607 | 0.617 | 0.633 |
表7
不同快速交通方式组合的中介效应分析"
| 交通方式 | 变量 | 控制变量 | 常数项 | 观测值 | R2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 民航与城际列车 | 回归25 | PTC | 0.340***(-0.090) | - | - | 是 | 3.608***(-0.540) | 294 | 0.340 |
| 回归26 | 0.110*(-0.060) | - | - | 是 | -2.190***(-0.570) | 294 | 0.273 | ||
| 回归27 | PTC | 0.328***(-0.090) | - | 0.110(-0.130) | 是 | 3.848***(-0.600) | 294 | 0.343 | |
| 回归28 | PTC | - | - | 0.164(-0.130) | 是 | 4.084***(-0.660) | 294 | 0.311 | |
| 回归29 | - | - | 0.166***(-0.040) | 是 | 0.719(-0.690) | 294 | 0.472 | ||
| 回归30 | PTC | 0.328***(-0.090) | - | 0.110(-0.130) | 是 | 3.848***(-0.600) | 294 | 0.343 | |
| 民航与高速公路 | 回归31 | PTC | 0.340***(-0.090) | - | - | 是 | 3.608***(-0.540) | 294 | 0.340 |
| 回归32 | 0.106**(-0.050) | - | - | 是 | -3.047***(-0.730) | 294 | 0.426 | ||
| 回归33 | PTC | 0.311***(-0.090) | 0.270**(-0.120) | - | 是 | 4.430***(-0.520) | 294 | 0.362 | |
| 回归34 | PTC | - | 0.303**(-0.120) | - | 是 | 4.643***(-0.530) | 294 | 0.333 | |
| 回归35 | - | 0.107***(-0.030) | - | 是 | 0.684(-0.710) | 294 | 0.469 | ||
| 回归36 | PTC | 0.311***(-0.090) | 0.270**(-0.120) | - | 是 | 4.430***(-0.520) | 294 | 0.362 | |
| 城际列车与高速公路 | 回归37 | PTC | - | - | 0.164(-0.130) | 是 | 4.084***(-0.660) | 294 | 0.311 |
| 回归38 | - | - | 0.400***(-0.120) | 是 | -2.148***(-0.710) | 294 | 0.482 | ||
| 回归39 | PTC | - | 0.290**(-0.120) | 0.048(-0.110) | 是 | 4.707***(-0.540) | 294 | 0.333 | |
| 回归40 | PTC | - | 0.303**(-0.120) | - | 是 | 4.643***(-0.530) | 294 | 0.333 | |
| 回归41 | - | 0.269***(-0.070) | - | 是 | -1.341**(-0.480) | 294 | 0.339 | ||
| 回归42 | PTC | - | 0.290**(-0.120) | 0.048(-0.110) | 是 | 4.707***(-0.540) | 294 | 0.333 | |
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