陕西横山L2以来风沙/黄土沉积序列的粒度端元特征及其环境意义

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.05.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受气候振荡的影响,沙漠边界多次往复摆动,在地层中留下了黄土、古土壤与古风成沙的迭覆沉积。通过传统粒度参数和端元分析模型方法对陕西横山HS剖面L₂以来风成沙—沙质黄土—沙质古土壤所蕴含的粒度成分、相应的沉积信息和沙地进退进行探讨。结果表明：HS剖面粒度组成不同于黄土区,以极细砂（31.07%）、细砂（30.20%）和粗粉砂（23.38%）为主,具有大小混杂的宽粒级范围的明显特征。因此在黄土区具有全球古环境意义的粒度指标未必适合本区,运用参数化端元分析模型对本区粒度指标进行分离,以期得到适宜本区的气候环境指标。其中,端元1（EM1）的众数粒径为8.93 μm,反映了西风环流的信息;端元2（EM2）的平均粒径为32.82 μm,很大程度上间接指示东亚冬季风强度的变化;端元5（EM5）的平均粒径为235.46 μm,是极强冬季风或强风暴的替代性指标,其含量反馈当时冬季风的强烈程度。由此,研究认为陕西横山自L₂以来发生了5次沙地扩张和3次沙地后退事件,其中风成沙层为强烈冬季风环境引发毛乌素沙地扩张时堆积的;而冬季风强度大为减弱时,沙丘迁移被沙尘堆积所取代,形成沙质黄土层;古土壤层是在冬季风相对萎缩时发育的。冰期形成的风成沙层对目前区域沙漠化存在不可忽视的潜在威胁,保护全新世形成的土壤层是防治区域沙漠化的重要措施。

关键词: 粒度, 端元分析, 气候变化, 沙地进退, 横山

Abstract:

Influenced by climate oscillation, the desert boundary swings back and forth many times, consequently leaving overlapping deposits of loess, paleosol, and paleo-eolian sand in the stratum. Based on the traditional grain size parameters and the end member analysis model, this study attempts to discuss the grain size composition, corresponding sedimentary information, and sand advance and retreat of aeolian sand-sandy loess-sandy paleosol since L₂ of the HS profile in Hengshan County, Shaanxi Province, China. The results show that the grain size composition of the HS profile is different from that of the loess area. It is mainly composed of very fine sand (31.07%), fine sand (30.20%), and coarse silt (23.38%). Therefore, the grain size index with a global paleoenvironmental significance in the loess region may not be suitable for this region. The parameterized end member analysis model was used to separate the grain size to obtain the climate and environmental indicators suitable for this region. The mode particle size of EM1 was 8.93 μm, reflecting the westerly circulation information. Meanwhile, the average particle size of EM2 was 32.82 μm, indirectly indicating the change of the East Asian winter monsoon intensity to a large extent. The average particle size of EM5 was 235.46 μm, which is a substitute index of an extremely strong winter monsoon or a strong storm. Its content feeds back the winter monsoon intensity at that time. Research has shown five times of sand expansion events and three times of sand retreat events since L₂ in Hengshan, Shaanxi Province. The aeolian sand layer appeared to reflect the southeastward extensions of the Mu Us Desert in response to the episodic regional aridity controlled by the enhanced winter monsoon. A sandy loess layer was formed when the active dune migration was replaced by dust accumulation when the regional climate was still dominated by the winter monsoon, albeit with a greatly decreased strength. The paleosol developed when the winter monsoon was relatively shrinking. The aeolian sand layer formed in the ice age poses a potential threat to regional desertification. The protection of the Holocene soil layer is an important measure of preventing and controlling regional desertification.

Key words: grain size, end member modeling analysis, climate change, sand advance and retreat, Hengshan

刘蓉,岳大鹏,赵景波,苏志珠,石浩,王晓宁. 陕西横山L₂以来风沙/黄土沉积序列的粒度端元特征及其环境意义[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(5): 1328-1338.

LIU Rong,YUE Dapeng,ZHAO Jingbo,SU Zhizhu,SHI Hao,WANG Xiaoning. Characterisitics of grain size end members and its environmental significance of aeolian sand/loess sedimentary sequence since L₂ in Hengshan, Shaanxi Province[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(5): 1328-1338.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

图6

表2

图7

图8

参考文献 31

[1]	楚纯洁, 赵景波, 吴楠楠, 等. 毛乌素沙地晚第四纪地层特征与沙漠化研究综述[J]. 地质科技情报, 2017, 36(5):14-21.
	[ Chu Chunjie, Zhao Jingbo, Wu Nannan, et al. Review of Late Quaternary strata characteristics and desertification on Mu Su dune field in north China[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2017, 36(5):14-21. ]
[2]	杨利荣. 末次冰期以来陕北沙漠/黄土过渡带气候记录与环境变迁[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2004.
	[ Yang Lirong. Climatic records and environmental evolution of the desert-loess transitional zone in the north of Shannxi Province since the Last Glacial[D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2004. ]
[3]	鹿化煜, Kovan H, 周杰, 等. 中国北方更新世极端冷期冬季风的快速变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2000, 20(2):91-95.
	[ Lu Huayu, Kovan H, Zhou Jie, et al. East Asian winter monsoon changes on millennial time-scale in Quaternary climatic extremes in north China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2000, 20(2):91-95. ]
[4]	汪海斌, 陈发虎, 张家武. 黄土高原西部地区黄土粒度的环境指示意义[J]. 中国沙漠, 2002, 22(1):21-26.
	[ Wang Haibin, Chen Fahu, Zhang Jiawu. Environmental significance of grain size of loess-paleosol sequence in western part of Chinese Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2002, 22(1):21-26. ]
[5]	宋洁, 春喜, 白雪梅, 等. 中国沙漠粒度分析研究综述[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(3):597-603.
	[ Song Jie, Chun Xi, Bai Xuemei, et al. Review of grain size analysis in China desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2016, 36(3):597-603. ]
[6]	Varga G, Újvári G, Kovács J. Interpretation of sedimentary (sub) populations extracted from grain size distributions of central European loess-paleosol series[J]. Quaternary International, 2019, 502(Part A):60-70. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2017.09.021
[7]	王昕梅, 张智, 凌超豪, 等. 鄱阳湖西南缘的历史近源风成堆积的粒度特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(1):29-37.
	[ Wang Xinmei, Zhang Zhi, Ling Chaohao, et al. Grain size characteristic of regional sand-dust accumulation system in southwest of Poyang Lake[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(1):29-37. ]
[8]	孙有斌, 高抒, 李军. 边缘海陆源物质中环境敏感粒度组分的初步分析[J]. 科学通报, 2003, 48(1):83-86.
	[ Sun Youbin, Gao Shu, Li Jun. Primary analysis on the sensitive grain-size of terrigemous sediment to environments in the marginal sea[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(1):83-86. ]
[9]	Weltje G J, Prins M A. Muddled or mixed? Inferring palaeoclimate from size distributions of deep-sea clastics[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2003, 162(1-2):39-62. doi: 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00235-5
[10]	梁爱民, 屈建军, 董治宝, 等. 库姆塔格沙漠沉积物粒度端元特征及其物源启示[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(2):33-42.
	[ Liang Aimin, Qu Jianjun, Dong Zhibao, et al. The characteristic of grain size end members in Kumtagh Desert and its implication for sediment source[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(2):33-42. ]
[11]	王兆夺, 黄春长, 杨红瑾, 等. 六盘山东麓晚更新世以来黄土粒度指示的物源特征及演变[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(5):818-826. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.05.020
	[ Wang Zhaoduo, Huang Chunchang, Yang Hongjin, et al. Loess provenance characteristics and evolution indicated by grain size since Late Pleistocene at the eastern foot of Liupan Mountains, China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2018, 38(5):818-826. ] doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.05.020
[12]	李越, 宋友桂, 宗秀兰, 等. 伊犁盆地北部山麓黄土粒度端元指示的粉尘堆积过程[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(1):162-177. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201901012
	[ Li Yue, Song Yougui, Zong Xiulan, et al. Dust accumulation processes of piedmont loess indicated by grain-size end members in northern Ili Basin[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(1):162-177. ] doi: 10.11821/dlxb201901012
[13]	Li T, Li T J. Sediment transport processes in the Pearl River Estuary as revealed by grain-size end-member modeling and sediment trend analysis[J]. Geo-Marine Letters, 2018, 38(2):167-178. doi: 10.1007/s00367-017-0518-2
[14]	赵松, 常凤鸣, 李铁刚, 等. 粒度端元法在东海内陆架古环境重建中的应用[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2017, 37(3):187-196.
	[ Zhao Song, Chang Fengming, Li Tiegang, et al. The application of grain-size end member algotithm to paleoenvironmental reconstruction on inner shelf of East China Sea[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2017, 37(3):187-196. ]
[15]	孙继敏. 末次间冰期以来沙漠-黄土边界带的环境演变[J]. 第四纪研究, 1995, 15(2):117-122.
	[ Sun Jimin. Environmental changes in the desert-loess transitional zone of north China since beginning of the last interglacial[J]. Quaternary Science, 1995, 15(2):117-122. ]
[16]	安芷生, 魏兰英, 卢演俦. 洛川黄土剖面土壤地层学的初步研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 1985, 5(1):166-173.
	[ An Zhisheng, Wei Lanying, Lu Yanchou. A preliminary study of soil stratigraphy in Luochuan loess profile[J]. Quaternary Science, 1985, 5(1):166-173. ]
[17]	刘东生. 黄土与环境[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985.
	[ Liu Dongsheng. Loess and environment[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1985. ]
[18]	成都地质学院陕北队. 沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1978.
	[Northern Shaanxi Team, Chengdu Institute of Geology. Particle size analysis and application of sedimentary rock[M]. Beijing: Geological Publication House, 1978. ]
[19]	Paterson G A, Heslop D. New methods for unmixing sediment grain size data[J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 2015, 16(12):4494-4506. doi: 10.1002/ggge.v16.12
[20]	Paton T R. The formation of soil material[M]. London: George Allen & Uniwin Press, 1978.
[21]	管清玉, 潘保田, 高红山, 等. 粘粒含量——夏季风的良好替代指标[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2004, 18(8):17-19.
	[ Guan Qingyu, Pan Baotian, Gao Hongshan, et al. A good proxy of East Asian monsoon: Fine grain size[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2004, 18(8):17-19.
[22]	孙东怀. 黄土粒度分布中的超细粒组分及其成因[J]. 第四纪研究, 2006, 26(6):928-936.
	[ Sun Donghuai. Supper-fine grain size components in Chinese Loess and their palaeoclimatic implication[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2006, 26(6):928-936. ]
[23]	Pye K. Aeolian dust and dust deposits[M]. London: Academic Press, 1987.
[24]	Sun D H, Su R X, Bloemendal J, et al. Grain-size and accumulation rate records from Late Cenozoic aeolian sequences in northern China: Implications for variations in the East Asian winter monsoon and westerly atmospheric circulation[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2008, 264(1-2):39-53. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.011
[25]	Vriend M, Prins M A, Buylaertjp, et al. Contrasting dust supply patterns across the north-western Chinese Loess Plateau during the last glacial-interglacial cycle[J]. Quaternary International, 2011, 240(1-2):167-180. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2010.11.009
[26]	Vandenberghe J. Grain size of fine-grained windblown sediment: A powerful proxy for process identification[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2013, 121(6):18-30. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.03.001
[27]	Prins M A, Vriend M. Glacial and interglacial eolian dust dispersal patterns across the Chinese Loess Plateau inferred from decomposed loess grain-size records[J]. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 2007, 8(7):1-17.
[28]	孙东怀, 鹿化煜, David R, 等. 中国黄土粒度的双峰分布及其古气候意义[J]. 沉积学报, 2000, 18(3):327-335.
	[ Sun Donghuai, Lu Huayu, David R, et al. Bimode grain-size distribution of Chinese Loess and its paleoclimate implication[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(3):327-335. ]
[29]	王陇, 高广磊, 张英, 等. 毛乌素沙地风沙土粒径分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(5):1003-1010.
	[ Wang Long, Gao Guanglei, Zhang Ying, et al. Particle size distribution of aeolian soils in the Mu Us Sandy Land and the influence factors[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(5):1003-1010. ]
[30]	Liu T S, Ding Z L. Stepwise coupling of monsoon circulations to global ice volume variations during the late Cenozoic[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 1993, 7(1-3):119-130. doi: 10.1016/0921-8181(93)90044-O
[31]	Sun J M, Ding Z L, Liu T S, et al. 580,000-year environmental reconstruction from aeolian deposits at the Mu Us Desert margin[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 1999, 18(12):1351-1364. doi: 10.1016/S0277-3791(98)00086-9

地层单元	S₀	L₁-1	L₁-2	S₁-1	L₂-1	L₂-2	S₁-2	L₂-3	L₂-4	L₂-5	L₂-6
平均粒径/μm	27.73	152.66	178.16	24.38	46.86	103.46	29.02	36.78	86.40	89.63	29.10
分选系数	1.23	1.07	1.12	1.73	1.24	1.12	1.78	1.40	0.90	1.29	1.50
偏度	0.18	0.14	0.18	0.35	0.30	0.21	0.34	0.35	0.24	0.34	0.18
峰度	1.03	1.08	0.90	1.36	1.19	1.55	1.34	1.26	1.48	1.48	0.93

端元	EM1	EM2	EM3	EM4	EM5
粒级区间/μm	0.89~39.91	3.17~158.87	15.89~200.00	35.57~355.66	35.57~1002.37
众数粒径/μm	8.93	39.91	89.34	158.90	317.00
平均粒径/μm	7.23	32.82	76.73	132.26	235.46

陕西横山L₂以来风沙/黄土沉积序列的粒度端元特征及其环境意义

Characterisitics of grain size end members and its environmental significance of aeolian sand/loess sedimentary sequence since L₂ in Hengshan, Shaanxi Province

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 31

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	隋露, 闫志明, 李开放, 何佩恩, 马英杰, 张汝萃. 人类活动及气候变化影响下伊犁河谷生境质量预测研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(1): 104-116.
[2]	田昊玮, 陈伏龙, 龙爱华, 刘静, 海洋. 博尔塔拉河源流区径流对气候变化的响应及预测[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(9): 1432-1442.
[3]	艾丽亚, 王永芳, 郭恩亮, 银山, 顾锡羚. 基于GEE的大青山国家级自然保护区NDVI变化及影响因素分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(8): 1279-1290.
[4]	高晓宇, 郝海超, 张雪琪, 陈亚宁. 中国西北干旱区植被水分利用效率变化对气象要素的响应——以新疆为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(7): 1111-1120.
[5]	顾朝林, 苏鹤放, 顾江, 高喆, 陈乐琳, 郭力. 论地球科学的新时代[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(7): 1176-1195.
[6]	闫敏, 陈宇鑫, 左合君, 王海兵, 席成. 库布齐沙漠边缘不同下垫面风沙流物质再分配及对营养元素的富集作用[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(6): 889-899.
[7]	陈淑君,许国昌,吕志平,马铭悦,李晗羽,朱玉岩. 中国植被覆盖度时空演变及其对气候变化和城市化的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(5): 742-752.
[8]	李娜,武永利,赵桂香,钱锦霞,李芬,赵海英,韩普. 近60 a山西省极端气温事件的年际变化及其对区域增暖的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(3): 337-348.
[9]	任涛涛,李双双,段克勤,何锦屏. 黄土高原热浪型和缺水型骤旱时空变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(3): 360-370.
[10]	晋子振, 秦翔, 赵求东, 李延召, 刘宇硕, 陈记祖, 王利辉, 王强. 祁连山西段老虎沟流域消融季径流变化特征研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(2): 178-190.
[11]	陈京平, 余子莹, 杨帆, 王蜜, 胡涵, 丁璇, 高鑫, 王鑫. 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴对新月形沙丘表面粒度变化的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(12): 1995-2004.
[12]	王利杰, 肖锋军, 董治宝, 马慧榕, 陈颢. 柴达木盆地巨型沙波纹条带表层沉积物粒度和地球化学元素组成特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(11): 1826-1835.
[13]	韩广, 龙鲜, 丁占良, 冯净雪. 科尔沁沙地大型沙波纹的初步研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(1): 56-64.
[14]	曹晓云,肖建设,郝晓华,史飞飞,刘致远,李素雲. 2001—2020年三江源地区积雪日数变化及地形分异[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(5): 1370-1380.
[15]	梁鹏飞,辛惠娟,李宗省,张百娟,桂娟,段然,南富森,丁增扬平,杨盛梅. 祁连山黑河径流变化特征及影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(5): 1460-1471.